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1、08高分子1班 梁雅婷 081110110实验二 常用网络测试工具的应用一、实验目的：1. 了解WIN32操作系统提供的各种网络命令的功能。2. 熟悉WIN32操作系统提供的各种网络命令的使用方法和输出格式。二、实验属性：验证性三、实验仪器设备及器材仅需计算机四、实验要求：验前认真预习TCP/IP协议内容，尤其应认真理解WINDOWS网络相关原理；在进行实验时，应注意爱护机器，按照试验指导书的要求的内容和步骤完成实验，尤其应注意认真观察试验结果，做好记录；实验完成后应认真撰写实验报告。五、实验原理六、实验步骤1、最常用的网络测试工具PING.EXE（1）判断本地的TCP/IP协议栈是否已安装C
2、:Documents and Settingsstudentping 127.0.0.1Pinging 127.0.0.1 with 32 bytes of data:用32个数据字节验证本机与计算机的连接Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=128Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=128Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=128Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 timeping 10.64.42.1Pingin
3、g 10.64.42.1 with 32 bytes of data:用32个数据字节验证网关与计算机的连接Reply from 10.64.42.1: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=64返回网关：字节为32个 时间小于10 毫秒 生存时间为64Reply from 10.64.42.1: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=64Reply from 10.64.42.1: bytes=32 time=34ms TTL=64Reply from 10.64.42.1: bytes=32 timeping Pinging 59.64.114.98 with 32 byte
4、s of data:用32个数据字节验证腾讯网与计算机的连接Reply from 59.64.114.98: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=57返回腾讯网：字节为32 时间为2毫秒 生存时间为57Reply from 59.64.114.98: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=57Reply from 59.64.114.98: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=57Reply from 59.64.114.98: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=57Ping statistics for 59.64.114.98:统计腾讯网的数据： Packe
5、ts: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), 包数：发送为4，收回为4，丢失为0（丢失率为0%）Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:大概循环时间在毫秒： Minimum = 1ms, Maximum = 2ms, Average = 1ms 最小值为1毫秒，最大值为2毫秒，平均值为1毫秒（4）根据IP地址获取域名C:Documents and Settingsstudentping 59.64.114.98Pinging 59.64.114.98 with 32 bytes of data
6、:用32个数据字节验证网络与计算机的连接Reply from 59.64.114.98: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=57Reply from 59.64.114.98: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=57Reply from 59.64.114.98: bytes=32 time=7ms TTL=57Reply from 59.64.114.98: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=57返回腾讯网：字节为32 时间为2毫秒 生存时间为57Ping statistics for 59.64.114.98:统计网络的数据：Packets: Sent = 4
7、, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),包数：发送为4，收回为4，丢失为0（丢失率为0%）Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:大概循环时间在毫秒： Minimum = 1ms, Maximum = 7ms, Average = 3ms 最小值为1毫秒，最大值为7毫秒，平均值为3毫秒（5）根据IP地址获取机器名C:Documents and Settingsstudentping -a 127.0.0.1Pinging student14 127.0.0.1 with 32 bytes of data:用32个
8、数据字节验证网络与计算机的连接Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=128Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=128Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=128Reply from 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 timeping -n 30 202.205.107.58Pinging 202.205.107.58 with 32 bytes of data:用32个数据字节验证网络与计算机的连接Reply from 202.205.1
9、07.58: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=126Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=126Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=126Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=126Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=126Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=126Reply fr
10、om 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=126Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=126Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=126Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=126Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=126Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time10ms TTL
11、=126Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=126Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=126Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=126Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=126Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=126Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32
12、time10ms TTL=126Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=126Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=126Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=126Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=126Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=126Reply from 202.205.107.5
13、8: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=126Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=126Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=126Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=126Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=126Reply from 202.205.107.58: bytes=32 time10ms TTL=126Reply from 2
14、02.205.107.58: bytes=32 timeping -l 400 202.205.107.10Pinging 202.205.107.10 with 400 bytes of data:用400个数据字节验证网络与计算机的连接Reply from 202.205.107.10: bytes=400 time10ms TTL=62Reply from 202.205.107.10: bytes=400 time10ms TTL=62Reply from 202.205.107.10: bytes=400 time10ms TTL=62Reply from 202.205.107.1
15、0: bytes=400 timeIpconfig/allWindows IP Configuration Host Name . . . . . . . . . . . . : r5-045 Primary Dns Suffix . . . . . . . : Node Type . . . . . . . . . . . . : Unknown IP Routing Enabled. . . . . . . . : No WINS Proxy Enabled. . . . . . . . : NoEthernet adapter 本地连接: Connection-specific DNS
16、Suffix . : Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Realtek RTL8139 Family PCI Fast Ethernet NIC Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : 00-E0-4C-4C-A9-DB Dhcp Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : No IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 10.64.5.45 Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway .
17、. . . . . . . . : 10.64.5.254 DNS Servers . . . . . . . . . . . : 202.205.107.103、网络连接统计工具NETSTAT.EXE（1）显示所有连接C:Documents and SettingsAdministratornetstat -aActive Connections Proto Local Address Foreign Address State TCP r5-045:epmap r5-045:0 LISTENING TCP r5-045:microsoft-ds r5-045:0 LISTENING TCP
18、 r5-045:1161 r5-045:0 LISTENING TCP r5-045:8177 r5-045:0 LISTENING TCP r5-045:10019 r5-045:0 LISTENING TCP r5-045:netbios-ssn r5-045:0 LISTENING TCP r5-045:1028 10.64.7.199:10018 ESTABLISHED TCP r5-045:1045 r5-045:10019 ESTABLISHED TCP r5-045:1681 221.7.91.31:http SYN_SENT TCP r5-045:1682 10.64.7.12
19、2:7211 SYN_SENT TCP r5-045:10019 r5-045:1027 CLOSE_WAIT TCP r5-045:10019 r5-045:1045 ESTABLISHED TCP r5-045:1031 r5-045:0 LISTENING UDP r5-045:microsoft-ds *:* UDP r5-045:isakmp *:* UDP r5-045:ms-sql-m *:* UDP r5-045:4500 *:* UDP r5-045:5412 *:* UDP r5-045:5999 *:* UDP r5-045:6000 *:* UDP r5-045:600
20、2 *:* UDP r5-045:ntp *:* UDP r5-045:netbios-ns *:* UDP r5-045:netbios-dgm *:* UDP r5-045:1900 *:* UDP r5-045:ntp *:* UDP r5-045:1099 *:* UDP r5-045:1900 *:*（2）显示所有协议的统计信息C:Documents and SettingsAdministratornetstat -sIPv4 Statistics Packets Received = 142692 Received Header Errors = 0 Received Addre
21、ss Errors = 94 Datagrams Forwarded = 0 Unknown Protocols Received = 0 Received Packets Discarded = 21591 Received Packets Delivered = 121098 Output Requests = 137681 Routing Discards = 0 Discarded Output Packets = 12 Output Packet No Route = 0 Reassembly Required = 0 Reassembly Successful = 0 Reasse
22、mbly Failures = 0 Datagrams Successfully Fragmented = 0 Datagrams Failing Fragmentation = 0 Fragments Created = 0ICMPv4 Statistics Received Sent Messages 805 811 Errors 0 0 Destination Unreachable 0 6 Time Exceeded 0 0 Parameter Problems 0 0 Source Quenches 0 0 Redirects 0 0 Echos 758 47 Echo Replie
23、s 47 758 Timestamps 0 0 Timestamp Replies 0 0 Address Masks 0 0 Address Mask Replies 0 0TCP Statistics for IPv4 Active Opens = 17741 Passive Opens = 12445 Failed Connection Attempts = 13063 Reset Connections = 171 Current Connections = 4 Segments Received = 110285 Segments Sent = 120741 Segments Ret
24、ransmitted = 9516UDP Statistics for IPv4 Datagrams Received = 10002 No Ports = 59 Receive Errors = 0 Datagrams Sent = 66084、操纵网络路由表的工具ROUTE.EXE（1）显示全部路由信息： C:Documents and SettingsAdministratorroute print=Interface List0x1 . MS TCP Loopback interface0x2 .00 e0 4c 4c a9 db . Realtek RTL8139 Family PC
25、I Fast Ethernet NIC -数据包计划程序微型端口=Active Routes:Network Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metric 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.64.5.254 10.64.5.45 20 10.64.5.0 255.255.255.0 10.64.5.45 10.64.5.45 20 10.64.5.45 255.255.255.255 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 20 10.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 10.64.5.45 10.64.5.45 20 127
26、.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 1 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 10.64.5.45 10.64.5.45 20 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 10.64.5.45 10.64.5.45 1Default Gateway: 10.64.5.254=Persistent Routes: None（2）添加一个路由C:Documents and SettingsAdministratorroute ADD157.0.0.0 MASK 255.0.0.0 157.55.80.1 METRIC 3 IF 2Mani
27、pulates network routing tables.ROUTE -f -p command destination MASK netmask gateway METRIC metric IF interface -f Clears the routing tables of all gateway entries. If this is used in conjunction with one of the commands, the tables are cleared prior to running the command. -p When used with the ADD
28、command, makes a route persistent across boots of the system. By default, routes are not preserved when the system is restarted. Ignored for all other commands, which always affect the appropriate persistent routes. This option is not supported in Windows 95. command One of these: PRINT Prints a rou
29、te ADD Adds a route DELETE Deletes a route CHANGE Modifies an existing route destination Specifies the host. MASK Specifies that the next parameter is the netmask value. netmask Specifies a subnet mask value for this route entry. If not specified, it defaults to 255.255.255.255. gateway Specifies ga
30、teway. interface the interface number for the specified route. METRIC specifies the metric, ie. cost for the destination.All symbolic names used for destination are looked up in the network databasefile NETWORKS. The symbolic names for gateway are looked up in the host namedatabase file HOSTS.If the
31、 command is PRINT or DELETE. Destination or gateway can be a wildcard,(wildcard is specified as a star *), or the gateway argument may be omitted.If Dest contains a * or ?, it is treated as a shell pattern, and onlymatching destination routes are printed. The * matches any string,and ? matches any one char. Examples: 157.*.1, 157.*, 127.*, *224*.Diagnostic Notes: Invalid MASK generates an error, that is when (DEST & MASK) != DEST. Example route ADD 157.0.0.0 MASK 155.0.0.0 157.55.80.1 IF 1 The route addition failed: The specified mask p