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1、Unit 6 When was it invented?Section A 1 (1a-2d)一、教学目标： 1. 语言知识目标：1) 能掌握以下单词： heel, scoop, electricity, style, project, pleasure, zipper, daily, website, pioneer, list, mention 能掌握以下句型： When was the telephone invented? I think it was invented in 1876. What are they used for? They are used for seeing
2、at night. 2) 能谈论物品被发明的时间、发明者，表达某发明的用途。2. 情感态度价值观目标： 了解一些近现代发明的时间及用途，激发自己热爱发明的情感。培养想象力，善于观察事物。面对难题，用积极的态度去解决，发挥想象力，认识世界，改造世界。 二、教学重难点1. 教学重点：1) 本课时的单词、词组和句型，学习运用一般过去时态的被动语态。2) 学会询问发明时间及用途的基本句型：When was the telephone invented? I think it was invented in 1876. What are they used for? They are used for
3、seeing at night.2. 教学难点：运用一般过去时态的被动语态来讨论发明的发明时间及用途。三、教学过程I. Warming up1. 展示一些近代发明的图片与近代发明的发明者，让学生们将图片与发明者相连。T: Do you know what these inventions are?S1: Its a car. S2: Its a telephone. S3: Its a television. T: Do you know who these inventors are? S1: Karl BenzS2: Alexander BellS3: J. L. Baird Let Ss
4、 match the inventions and the inventors. . Presentation 引导学生们学习一般过去时态的被动语态结构。让学生们看大屏幕的如果爱和发明者的图片,并将句子改为被动语态。如：T: Karl Benz invented the first car in 1885. The first car was invented (by Karl Benz) in 1885. . Talking1. Look at the pictures in 1a. Discuss with your group, in what order do you think th
5、ey were invented? Try to number them 1-4. 2. Ss discuss with their partners and number the pictures. 3. Talking about the inventions: A: I think the TV was invented before the car. B: Well, I think the TV was invented after the TV. . Listening (1b)1. T: Tell Ss look at the pictures and years on the
6、left. 2. Play the recording for the Ss to listen. 3. Ss listen to the conversation and try to match the invention with the proper year. 4. Play the recording again. 5. Check the answers. . Pair work (1c)1. Ss try to remember the invention and the year. 2. Student B, cover the dates. Student A, ask S
7、tudent B when the things in the picture in 1b were invented. Then change roles and practice again. 3. Let some pairs ask and answer in pairs. e.g. A: When was the telephone invented? B: I think it was invented in 1876. . Learning the new words & Listening Look at the pictures then learn the new word
8、s.Work on 2a: T: Tell Ss they will hear some interesting inventions. 1. Look at the pictures in 2a. Discuss the things what they are used for. 2. Play the recording for the Ss to listen and number the pictures. 3. Play the recording again to check the answers. Work on 2b: 1. Let Ss read the chart be
9、low. Explain some main sentences for the Ss. Make sure they know what to do. 2. Play the recording for the Ss to fill in the blanks. 3. Play the recording again to check the answers. 4. Listen again and fill in the blanks. . Pair work (2c)1. Tell Ss to make conversations using the information in 2b.
10、 Make a model for the Ss. A: What are the shoes with special heels used for? B: They are used for changing the style of the shoes. 2. Let some Ss make conversations using the information in 2b. 3. See which group does the best. . Role-play(2d) 1. Read the conversations and Let Ss read after the teac
11、her. 2. Explain some new words and main points in the conversation. 3. Ask Ss to role-play the conversation in groups. X. Language points1. Well, you do seem to have a point have a point 有道理 e.g. I admit (that) you have a point. 我承认你有理。 2. They are used for seeing in the dark.be used for doing sth.表
12、示“被用来 做某事”。 相当于be used to do sth. e.g. This computer is used to control all the machines. 这台电脑是用来控制所有机器的。 Do you know what this tool is used for? 你知道这工具是用于做什么的？3. Think about how often its used in our daily lives. think about 表示“考虑，想起” e.g. He is thinking about travelling in the summer holidays. 他正在
13、考虑暑假旅游的事。 She was thinking about her childhood days.她正回想她的童年时期。【拓展有关think 其它的短语】 think of 指“考虑，记忆，记起” 如：You think of everything! 你全都提到了。 I cant think of his name at the moment. 我一时想不起他的名字。think sth. over指“仔细想，审慎思考，作进一步考虑”如：Please think over what I said.请仔细考虑我说的话。 I want to think it over. 我想仔细考虑一下这件事
14、。think sth. out 指“想通，想出，熟思”如：He thought out a new idea. 他想出了一个新主意。 That wants thinking out. 那件事需要仔细考虑。HomeworkRecite the conversation in 2d.Section A 2 (3a-3c)一、教学目标： 1. 语言知识目标：1) 学习掌握下列词汇：by accident, ruler, boil, remain, smell, saint, national, take place, doubt, without doubt 2）阅读短文，能按要求找到相应的信息。3
15、）通过阅读提高学生们的阅读能力。4) 了解茶叶被发明的历史及生产制作的简要过程。2. 情感态度价值观目标： 培养想象力，善于观察事物。面对难题，用积极的态度去解决，发挥想象力，认识世界，改造世界。二、教学重难点1. 教学重点：1) 掌握本部分出现的生词和词组，达到熟练运用的目标。2) 阅读短文，获得相关的信息。通过阅读练习，来提高阅读能力。2. 教学难点：1) 阅读短文，获得相关的信息的能力。2) 理解并运用所学的词汇及表达方式。三、教学过程. Revision 1. Check the homework. 2. Role-play the conversation in 2d. . Lead
16、-in 一、播放视频茶叶的起源，让学生们了解中国的茶文化，及茶叶被发明的渊源，并了解其发展过程。1. What is the video about? 2. Who is the writer of Cha Jing? Ss try to answer the questions: Its about the tea. Lu Yu. . Reading Work on 3a: 1. Tell Ss to read the article quickly and match each paragraph with its main idea. Lu Yu and his book Cha Jin
17、gHow tea spread to other countriesHow tea was invented by accidentPara. 1 Para. 2 Para. 3 Ss read the article quickly and match each paragraph with its main idea. 2. 方法指导：先阅读所给的三句话，然后快速阅读短文，抓住每一段的主题句，找到答案。3. 学生们，按老师指导的方法进行阅读，并快速阅读三个段落。 4. 最后，教师让部分学生回答答案，并校对答案。Para. 1 How tea was invented by accident
18、 Para. 2 Lu Yu and his book Cha JingPara. 3 How tea spread to other countriesWork on 3b: 1. 告诉学生们再次阅读短文内容，并回答3b中的所有问题。2. 学生们先阅读这些问题，理解它们的意思，然后带着相关问题仔细回读短文，并在短文的相关信息处划线。3. 让学生们回答问题，并校对答案。 It was first drunk nearly 5, 000 years ago. It was invented by accident. Lu Yu. Its about how tea plants were gro
19、wn and used to make tea. It is believed tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries. Tea didnt appear until around 1660 in England. 4. 让学生读一下自己的答案，并改正答案。. Post reading Read and fill the blanks. Fill the blanks according to the first paragraph. Tea (after water), the most popu
20、lar drink in the world _ (invent) by accident. It is believed that tea _ (drink) 5,000 years ago. It _ (say) that a Chinese ruler _ (call) Shen Nong was the first _ (discover) tea as a drink. One day Shen Nong _ (boil) drinking water over an open fire. Some leaves from a tea plant _ (fall) into the
21、water and remained there for some time. It _ (produce) a nice smell so he _ (taste) the brown water. It was quite delicious, and so, one of the worlds favorite drinks _ (invent).2. Fill the blanks according to the second paragraph. Lu Yu, “the saint of tea”, _ (mention) Shen Nong in his book Cha Jin
22、g a few thousand years later. The book describes how tea plants _ and used to make tea. It also discusses where the finest tea leaves _ (produce) and what kinds of water _ (use). 3. Fill in the blanks with the proper forms .People believed that tea _ (bring) to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th
23、 centuries. In England, tea _ (not appear) until around 1660, but in less than 100 years, it had become the national drink. The tea trade from China to Western countries _ (take) place in the 19th century. Work on 3c. Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in the box. 1. 告诉学生们本学习
24、活动的要求：用所给单词的适当形式填空。2. 让学生们读3c中的内容，理解每个句子的大体意思。3. 学生们阅读句子内容，回想短文的内容，选择恰当的单词并用其恰当形式填空。4. 如果不能直接填上，可以再去阅读短文，在相关的内容处，再仔细进行阅读，找到相关信息，并完成句子。5. Check the answers。 ( 1. invented 2. drunk 3. produced 4. brought 5. traded ）. Language points1. by accident 偶然；意外地e.g. The little girl knocked the glass by acciden
25、t. 小女孩不小心碰落了玻璃杯。2. ruler n. 统治者；支配者rule (统治) + (e)r ruler 统治者e.g. The new nation needed a modern-minded ruler. 这个新兴国家需要一位现代头脑的统治者。3. boil v. 煮沸；烧开e.g. Boil the potato for 20 minutes. 把土豆煮20分钟。4. remain v. 保持不变；剩余 作连系动词，后跟名词、形容词、不定式、分词等做表语。指保持某种状态。e.g. Peter become a manager, but Mike remained a work
26、er. 彼得成为经理，可迈克仍是工人。 作不及物动词，意为“剩余”。e.g. Only a few leaves remained on the tree. 树上仅剩下几片叶子。5. smell n. 气味e.g. The apples give off a sweet smell. 苹果发出非常甜的味道。 v. 发出气味；闻到e.g. I can smell some nice noodle soup.我能闻到香喷喷的面汤味。6. national adj. 国家的; 民族的nation (国家) + al national e.g. The group of dancers wore na
27、tional dress. 那群跳舞演员穿着民族服装。7. without doubt 毫无疑问；的确e.g. Li Na, without doubt, is the best tennis player in China. 毫无疑问，李娜是中国最优秀的网球运动员。 8. take place 发生；出现 是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态；常指事先安排或事发有因的事情。 e.g. Her sisters marriage took place at 8:00 today. 她姐姐的婚礼今天八点举行。 辨析：happen则常指偶然发生的事情e.g. I happened to see Peter
28、 on my way to the museum. 在去博物馆的路上我碰巧遇到皮特。9. It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink. 据说有一位叫作神农的中国统治者最早发现了茶可以饮用。It is said that是个常见句式，表示“据说”, that后面接完整的句子。e.g. It is said that thirteen is an unlucky number in many Western countries. 据说在许多西方国家13是个不吉利的
29、数字。本单元还有一个类似的句式: It is believed that，意思是“人们认为”, 其后同样接完整的句子。e.g. It is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries. 人们认为，茶在六至七世纪传到了朝鲜和日本。10.茶经是我国唐代一部有关茶叶及品茶的专著，作者陆羽。该书共 分三卷十节，全面叙述了茶叶生产的历史，源流，生产技术以及饮茶 技艺和茶道原理，享有 “茶叶百科全书”之美誉。VI. Exercises 一、选词填空 smell, remain, rule
30、r, boil, national 1. October 1st is _ Day in China.2. Humans are the _ of the earth.3. When fish goes bad, it _ terrible. 4. They _ in that forest for a year.5. Water _ at 100. 二、根据汉语提示完成句子。1. I found the key _ (偶然) when I was cleaning the house.2. The May 4 Movement _（发生）in Beijing in 1919. 3. Hell
31、 succeed _ (毫无疑问) this time.4. _ (据说) Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink. 5. Tea _(被带到) Korea and Japan during 6th and 7th centuries. Homework 1. Read the passage several times after school.2. Make sentences with these words: by accident, it is believed that, take place, no doubt, be
32、 used for, fall into Section A 3 (Grammar Focus-4c)一、教学目标： 1. 语言知识目标：1) 学习掌握下列词汇：fridge, low, somebody, translate, lock, earthquake, sudden, all of a sudden, biscuit, cookie, instrument 2）进行一步复习巩固学习Section A 部分所学的生词和词组。3）进一步学习运用一般过去时态的被动语态。4) 掌握主动语态变被动语态的方法，并通过不同方式的练习，来熟练运用。2. 情感态度价值观目标：培养想象力，善于观察事物
33、。面对难题，用积极的态度去解决，发挥想象力，认识世界，改造世界。二、教学重难点 1. 教学重点：1) 学习生词fridge, low, somebody, translate, lock, earthquake, sudden, all of a sudden, biscuit, cookie, instrument2) 复习巩固Section A 部分所学的生词和词组，达到熟练运用的目标。2. 教学难点： 1) 一般过去时态的句子变为被动语态。2) 综合运用所学的知识进行练习运用。三、教学过程. Warming- up and revision 1. Have a dictation of
34、the new words learned in the last class. 2. Review some main phrases we learned in the last class. Check the homework. 3. Let some Ss tell something about how tea was invented by accident. Tell something about how tea was invented by accident.One day Shen Nong was boiling drinking water over an open
35、 fire. Some leaves from a tea plant fell into the water and remained there for some time. It produced a nice smell so he tasted the brown water. It was quite delicious and one of the worlds favorite drink was invented.Tell something about Lu Yu and his Cha Jing.Lu Yu “the saint of tea” mentioned She
36、n Nong in his book Cha Jing. The book describes how tea plants were grown and used to make tea. It also discusses where the finest tea leaves were produced and what kinds of water were used. It is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during 6th and 7th centuries. In England, tea didnt ap
37、pear until around 1660. The tea trade from China to Western countries took place in the 19th century. Grammar Focus. 1. 学生阅读Grammar Focus中的句子，然后做填空练习。 拉链是什么时候被发明的？ _ _ the zipper _? 它于1893年被发明。 It _ _ in 1893. 它是由谁发明的？ _ _ it invented _? 它是由惠特科姆贾得森发明的。 It _ _ _ Whitcomb Judson. 茶叶什么时候被带到朝鲜去的？ _ _tea
38、 _ to Korea? 茶叶在六到七世纪之间被带到朝鲜。 It _ _ to Korea _the 6th and 7th centuries. 热冰淇淋勺用来做什么？ What _ the hot ice-cream _ _? 它用于挖很冷的冰淇淋。 Its _ _ _ really cold ice-cream. 电话机在1876年被贝尔所发明。 The telephone _ _ _ Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. 贝尔于1876年发明了电话机。 Alexander Graham Bell _ the telephone in 1876. 2. 学生们根据
39、记忆，看大屏幕来完成填空练习。3. 学生们完成填空试题后，可以打开课本检查答案，对错误的句子，单独进行强化记忆。. Grammar一般过去时态的被动语态的构成 英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。如：We cleaned the classroom yesterday. 我们昨天打扫了教室。(主动语态，主语we是clean这一动作的执行者)The classroom was cleaned yesterday. 教室昨天被打扫。(被动语态，主语the classroom是clean这一动作的承受者)一、一般过去时被动语态一般过
40、去时被动语态的结构为“主语+ was /were +及物动词的过去分词 (+by+动作的执行者).”。如： Trees were planted last spring.去年春天种了树。1. 肯定句： 主语 + was/were +及物动词的过去分词 + 其他. Paper was invented by Chinese people two thousand years ago. 纸是中国人在二千多年前发明的。 2. 否定句： 主语 + was/were not +及物动词的过去分词 + 其他. Women were not allowed to take part in the games
41、 at first. 开始妇女不允许参加奥运会。 3. 一般疑问句： Was/Were +主语 +及物动词的过去分词 + 其他? Were these pictures drawn by your sister? 这些图片是由你妹妹画的吗？ 二、被动语态的用法：1. 不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者。 e.g. English is spoken all over the world. 全世界都在说英语。2. 需要突出或强调动作的承受者。 e.g. This dictionary is used by most students. 这本字典是大多数学生在用的。三、主动语态
42、变被动语态应注意的问题1. 有些短语动词相当于及物动词，变为被动句时介词或副词不能去掉。 They put off the meeting because of the weather. The meeting was put off because of the weather. 会议因天气的缘故被推迟了。 2. 含有双宾语的主动句变为被动句时，通常把指“人”的间接宾语变为主语，指“物”的直接宾语保留不变；如果把指物”的直接宾语变为主语，则在间接宾语前加to或for。 My aunt gave me an e-dictionary yesterday. I was given an e-di
43、ctionary yesterday. An e-dictionary was given to me yesterday. 3. 主动句中感官动词see/hear/watch/feel等和使役动词make/let/have等后跟省略to的动词不定式，变为被动语态时应加上不定式符号to。I saw a heavy man enter the house. A heavy man was seen to enter the house. 4. 系动词、不及物动词或某些短语动词（happen, take place, come true, fall asleep）没有被动语态。 What happ
44、ened to Mr. Brown? 布朗先生发生了什么事？ . Exercises练一练 将下列句子变为被动语态。 1. He chose six story books the other day. Six story books _ _ by him the other day. 2. Uncle Lee gave Jack a large cake for he painted the wall wonderfully. Jack _ _ a large cake for he painted the wall wonderfully. 3. A mouse ate half of the cake last night. Half of the _ _ by a mouse last night. 将下列句子变为主动语态。 4. Were these machines invented by Edison? _ Edison _ these machines? 5. The post card was sent to Linda by Paul. Paul _ the post card _ Linda. 6. America was discovered by Columbus. _ Columbus discovered _?