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1、状 语 从 句状语从句在复合句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句可以表示时间、条件、原因、地点、目的、结果、让步、方式、比较等意义。一、时间状语从句(1) 引导词：when/ while(当时候), as soon as（一就）, since（自以来）, until/till（直到）, after（在之后）, before（在之前）(2)“主将从现”结构(3) until 的用法a.当主句是肯定句时，until/till表示“直到”（主句动作常为延续性动作，而从句常为短暂性动作）。例：He will stay here until his parents come back.他一直待
2、到他的父亲回来。b.当主句是否定句时，构成句式notuntil，意为“直到才（主句动作常为短暂性动作）。 例：He will not go to bed until his parents come back.直到父母回来，他才回去睡觉。（4）when和while的区别when既可以指时间点,与瞬间动词连用，如： When he came in, his mother was cooking.while 从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。 如:Please dont talk so loud while others are working.例1.-I hope youll enjoy your
3、trip, dear! -Thank you, mum. Ill give you a call _ I get there.A. until B. as soon as C. since例2. None of us knew what had happened _ they told us about it. A. when B. until C. after D. though例3.Im sure. He will jump when he _the good news.A. learn about B. will learn about C. learns about例4.The chi
4、ldren _a P.E. class on the playground when it suddenly began to rain.A. have B. are having C. were having 练 习1. I was watching the show on TV _the telephone rang. A . when B. while C. as soon as2. Jim was reading _his sister was writing. A. when B while C before 3. Peter likes reading a newspaper _h
5、e is having breakfast. A. while B. until C. because 4. You should finish your lessons _ you go out to play. A. before B. after C. when 5. Lucy knew nothing about it _her sister told her. A. because B. until C. if 二、.条件状语从句(1)引导词：if（如果）,as long as(只要)， unless（除非，如果不）(2) “主将从现”结构(3) if 的用法 if引导条件状语从句，
6、表“如果”，主句若是一般将来时，从句中用一般现在时表示将来。引导的是条件状语从句；意为“是否”。例1.If I _back tomorrow, I will tell you if we _a trip together next weekend.A. come ;will come B. come; have C. will come ; will have 例2. You will stay healthy _ you do more exercise, such as running and walking. A. if B. how C. before 例3. If I find hi
7、s phone number, I _you.A. tell B. told C. will tell 例4.-May I go to the concert with you?-Im afraid not _you have a ticket, because I have only one.A. since B. if C. unless 练 习1. -Jason wants to know if _a school sports meeting tomorrow?-Yes, we will. But if it _, well have classes instead.A. will y
8、ou have, rains B. you will have, rains C. you will have , will rain2. -Do you know if he _ to play basket ball with us? -I think he will come if he _ free tomorrow.A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is 三、原因状语从句(1)引导词: as（由于）, because（因为）， since（既然）(2) because, since，as 的区别：because表示直接原因，语气
9、最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，只能用because。As和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例1：-Why arent going there? - I dont want to.例2： he has no car, he cant get there easily.例3： we have no money, we cant buy it.(3)because 不能与so连用。四、目的状语从句(1) 引导词：so that(以便，为了), in order that（为了）（2）从句与主句
10、的主语一致时，可以换用so that to (后跟动词原形)，in order to (后跟动词原形)。例：He got up early so that /in order that he could catch the bus. 他早起是为了赶上公交车。=He got up early so that to/in order to catch the bus.五、结果状语从句（1）引导词：so(所以), suchthat, sothat（如此以致于）（2）区别：such是形容词，修饰名词; so 是副词，修饰形容词或副词。He is such a lovely boy that we al
11、l like him.=He is so lovely a boy that we all like him.The story is so interesting that Ill never forget it .=It is such an interesting story that Ill never forget it .六、让步状语从句(1) 引导词：though/ although(尽管，虽然), even if/though(即使), whatever =no matter what ,whenever=no matter when ,wherever=no matter w
12、here, however=no matter how (2) although/though 不能与but 连用例1： he is old, he works hard. A. although, but B. although, C. Because, so例2：_well you drive ,you must drive carefully.A. No matter where B. In order that C. No matter how 巩 固 练 习1. Alan ran _ fast _ I couldnt follow him. A. too; to B. so; tha
13、t C. as; to 2. Why didnt you go surfing last Sunday? _ I had a bad headache. A. Because B. Since C. For3. Its time to go to bed, Wang Ming. Mum, I have a lot of homework to do. I wont go to bed _ I finish it. A. after B. until C. as soon as 4. We didnt catch the train _ we got up late. A. so B. beca
14、use C. until 5. The poor man ate a big breakfast _ he said he wasnt hungry. A. since B. because C. though 6. _ they are brothers, they dont look like each other at all. A . Because B. Although C. When 7. Mr. Brown has worked in our school _ he came here in 1990. A. when B. whether C. since 8. When w
15、ill you tell him the good news? I will tell him _. A. as soon as he comes back B. as soon as he came back C. as soon as he will come back9. You will be late _ you leave immediately. A. unless B. until C. if 10. This dress is in last years style. I think it still looks perfect _ it has gone out this
16、year. A. so that B. even though C. as if 11. John fell asleep _ he was listening to the music. A. after B. before C. while 12. The book was so interesting that he had read it for three hours _ he realized it. A. unless B. if C. before13. I am waiting for my friend. _, I will go swimming alone. A. If
17、 he doesnt come B. If he wont come C. If he will come 14. The meeting didnt start_ everyone was there. A. because B. until C. why 15. The boy _ to bed _ his mother came in. A. went not; until B. didnt go; after C. didnt go; until16. Tom will call me as soon as he _ Shanghai. A. arrives B. will reach
18、 C. arrives in 17. Im sure hell come to see me before he _ Beijing. A. will leave B. is leaving C. leaves18. I will tell him the news as soon as he_ back. A. come B. comes C. will come 19. When he got to the station, the train _ . A. left B. had left C. has left20. The boy told his father what he _
19、in the street. A. saw B. have seen C. had seen 21. We _ TV when the telephone _.A. watched; was ringing B. were watching; rang C. are watching; rang22. By the end of last term, I_ ten books.A. had finished reading B. have finish reading C. had finish to read 23. I _ him since I began to live in the
20、city. A. know B. have known C. will know24. Betty didnt go to see the film yesterday _ she was ill. A. because B. but C. until 25. May I sit nearer _I can see more clearly? A. as if B. so that C. even if 26. _ you work hard, you will certainly succeed. A. Though B. If C. Because 27._ he came to stud
21、y in the university, he has made much progress in the study of English.A. While B. After C. Since 28. Id like to go swimming _ the water is not too cold. A. for B. unless C. if 29. You are sure to pass the exam _ you study hard. A. if B. though C. that 30. Although it was raining, _ still worked in
22、the fields. A. but they B. and they C. they 31. _ there were only five soldiers left at the front, _ they went on fighting.A. Because; so B. Though; but C. Though; /32. Lift it up _I may see it. A. though B. so that C. as 33. We should go by bus _ we can get there earlier. A . as soon as B. where C.
23、 in order that 34. _ hes old, he can still carry this heavy bag. A. Though B. Since C. For 35. -Do you know if he _ to play basket ball with us? -I think he will come if he _ free tomorrow. A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is 36. I was late for class yesterday _ there was something wrong
24、 with my bike. A. when B. that C. because37. You should finish your lessons _ you go out to play. A. before B. after C. when38. I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class. A. since B. so that C. as if 39. He took off his coat _ he felt hot. A. because B. as C. if 40. It is _ that wed like to go out for
25、 a walk. A. a lovely day B. such lovely a day C. so lovely a day 41. _ I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work. A. Although B. Because C. As 42. My brother is going to look for another job the company offers him more money. A. after B. when C. unless 43. Please remember to say goodbye to Mr Sm
26、ith when you tomorrow. Sure. I will.A. leave B. will leave C. left 44. Why were you late for school this morning? I missed the first bus. A. If B. As C. Because 45. Tom gave up his hope, he still had a chance. A. because B. though C. so 46. The man cant get on the bus because there _ no room on it.
27、A. was B. is C. are 47. I was listening to the music _ there was a knock at the door. A. while B. when C. because 48. She was busy, _ she couldnt go to your birthday party last night. A. and B. so C. or 49. English is _ a useful language _ it is spoken in many countries of the world. A. so.that B. such.that C. so.because 50. The light went out while we _ supper. A. had B. had had C. were having 51. _ I came into the office, the teacher were having a meeting. A. While B. When C. Since52. Youll be late _ you dont get up early tomorrow morning. A. if B. when C. until