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1、 动词专项讲解 时态一. 动词的种类：四种（一）行为动词 ( 如 play study run ) 有具体动作意义（二）连系动词 （如 is am are get feel keep stay ）等，后+形容词作表语（三）情态动词 （如 can may must should would）等，表示禁止、命令、请求等意义，后+动词原形（四）助动词（如 be +v ing 中的be ；Do you .?中的do ；He doesnt like .中的doesnt; Did you have.?中的did ）只起 语法作用，无意义，不必翻译二. 动词的形式：（一）动词原形: 如play study
2、run （二）动词过去式: 如 played studied ran （三）动词三单形式: 如 plays studies runs （四）动词ing 形式: （也叫动名词或现在分词） 如 playing studying running （五）动词不定式: （即 to +动词原形）如 to play to study 三. 动词在句中的作用：1谓语：当某个动词或词组充当句子的谓语时，它的形式随语态、时态以及主语人称和数的变化而变化。细而言之：时态 语态 主 动 语 态被 动 语 态备注一般现在时原 形 或 三单is/am/are过去分词划线：助动词一般过去时过去式was/were 过去分词同
3、上现在进行时is/am/are 现在分词is/am/arebeing过去分词同上过去进行时was/were 现在分词was/were being过去分词同上一般将来时will/ shall动原will/shallbe 过去分词同上be going to动原be going tobe 过去分词Be：is/am/are过去将来时would/shoud动原would/shoudbe过去分词划线：助动词be going to动原be going tobe过去分词Be：was/were现在完成时have/has过去分词have/has been过去分词划线：助动词过去完成时had 过去分词had bee
4、n 过去分词同上含情态动词情态动词动原情态动词be 过去分词2非谓语：不定式 意义：动词的非谓语形式，常发生在谓语或前位非谓语的即时时间之后，作主语、宾语动词宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语常表示功能、状语。构成：不定式= to动词原形否定结构= not to do sth复合结构= for sb.not to do sth与疑问词连用：如what to do在下列动词后的不定式省略“to”：三看look see watch两听listen hear一感觉feel，注意notice使make让let have帮help可不省。形式主语：当不定式、否定结构、复合结构、与疑问词连用等形式作句子主语时，
5、用it来代替它，而将真正的主语置于谓语之后，“it”叫形式主语。 动名词意义：动词的非谓语形式，常常发生或预定在谓语或前位非谓语的即时时间之前，表示事实、爱好、功能、习惯等，起名词作用。作主语、宾语包括介词宾语和动词宾语、表语、定语常表示功能等。构成：动名词=V+ing . 否定结构= not doing sth. 复合结构=one notdoing sth现在分词 意义：动词的非谓语形式，常指相对谓语或前位非谓语的即时时间正在发生的动作，表示主动。用法：常作定语单个词前置，短语后置、宾语补足语和状语如时间状语、方式状语、伴随状语等。过去分词意义：动词的非谓语形式，常指相对谓语或前位非谓语的即
6、时时间已发生的动作。表示被动。 用法：常作定语单个词前置，短语后置、宾语补足语和状语如时间状语、方式状语、伴随状语等四.选择动词正确形式的方法（一） 主语后需填动词时，注意动词的时态主要从该句中的时间状语来判断，有时也要从上下语境来判断。时态常用的提示语一般现在时always，usually，sometimes，often，every，once a week，in the morning，in December，in spring，on Mondays等。一般过去时ago，just now，before 2005，yesterday，last Friday，once，the other day
7、，those days，once upon a time，long before等。一般将来时tomorrow，the coming. ，in the future，next Tuesday，in two hours，some day，soon，before long，this evening等。现在进行时now，at the moment，look，listen，be quite，these days，still等。过去进行时this time yesterday，at that time，from 9 to 11 last Friday，when，while等。现在完成时since，for
8、，already，yet，just，in the past few years/ months，in the last few weeks/months/days等。过去完成时by the end of last term/month/year，by yesterday，by 2004，by last Monday等。过去将来时:大都出现在主句动词为一般过去时的宾语从句中。有些动词所表示的动作即便在说话时正在进行，也不能用进行时。这些动词通常表示情感、想法、感觉或所属。 表示情感的动词：like，dislike，love，hate. 表示想法的动词：believe，know，want，mean
9、，understand，remember. 表示感觉的动词：feel，see，hear，taste，smell. 表示所属的动词：belong，own，have.有些动词常用进行时表示将来，如：come，go，leave，arrive。 根据上面提示，完成下列句子1Lila is an English girl ,but she _(like ) Beijing Opera 2.Look ! the students _(play )basketball over there . 3What _they _ (do) for their vacation? 4 How _ (be) the w
10、eather in Shanghai ? It was rainy5 _ you _ (go ) fishing with Zhanghua? Yes, I did. 6.Are you _ (feel) well ? No,Doctor .（二） 如果主语后谓语不缺少，则考虑特殊动词后的用法。下面我们来介绍接to do , doing 和do 原形的特殊动词，动词短语和句型（1） 接to do 形式的动词有：1 want to do sth. 想要做某事want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事 2 help sb. (to ) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 3 need to
11、 do sth.需要做 4 plan to do sth.计划做 5 hope to do sth. 希望做 6 try to do sth.尽量做 7 decide to do sth. 决定做 8 Its time (for sb.) to do sth.（该某人）做 的时间9 Im sorry to hear that + 句子 听到很难过10 have to do sth.必须做11 would like to do sth.=want to do sth . 想要做12 forget to do sth.忘记做13 remember to do sth . 记住要去做（区别remem
12、ber doing）14 ask sb. to do sth.请求/要求某人做 15 Its kind of you to do sth 谢谢你做16 It takes sb.(宾语) 一段时间 to do sth .花费某人一段时间做17 Its +形容词+(for sb. )+ to do sth. （对于某人而言）做很完成下面练习1 What does he want _ (be ) ? A nurse 2Hey ,Tom .Its time _( take ) walks .3 Is it easy _( keep ) a balance of yin and yang ?4 Wher
13、e do you plan _(spend ) your vacation ?5 You.re often late for school .Can you try _(get )to school early ?6 Let me help you _-(find ) your watch .7What would you like _(eat ) ? Noodles.8 Beijing is a good place _(have ) fun .9 I am so thirsty ,could you give me something _(drink)? 10 We need to hav
14、e healthy food _(keep ) healthy（动词不定式作目的状语 为了）.（2）后接doing 形式的有：1. enjoy doing sth.喜欢做/享受做的乐趣2.finish doing sth.完成做3.stop doing sth停止做4.practice doing sth 练习做.5.sb.+spends time (in)doing sth. 某人花费时间做 6.have fun doing sth.做 很有趣 7.be busy doing sth . 忙于做8.be good at doing sth. =do well in doing sth. .
15、擅长于做 9.thanks for doing sth. 谢谢你做 10. keep doing sth .坚持做 11. How about doing sth.? =What about doing sth .? 怎么样（用来提建议）?完成下面的练习1 They all enjoyed _(camp ) yesterday. 2Please finish _(make) cakes ! 3Dont stop_(practice) the English conversations.4You should practice _(swim) a lot if you want to stay
16、healthy.5Thailand is a beautiful country .How about _(go)there and _(visit) it ?.6Were you often busy_(surf ) the Internet last year ? Yes I was 7Did Mary have fun _(hike ) in the mountains last Friday?8They are good at _(speak ) Japanese . 9.Tina , Thanks for _(help) me 表示做某事是一种习惯，爱好时也可用v ing 形式，或作
17、句子的主语如：Eating too much is bad for your health .或作句子的表语如：My hobby is playing basketball在某些固定短语中也v ing 形式如：do some reading/cleaning /washing /shopping. 还有go shopping/swimming/hiking/bike riding/sightseeing/fishing/boating/camping./skateboarding/skiing（滑雪）.（3）既可接v-ing 形式，还可接to 形式，且意义相同的动词有like doing =l
18、ike to do , start doing =start to do begin to do =begin doing remember/forget/stop（4）后接动词原形有:1使役动词如：make let 等词后，它们的意义为使，叫 ，让2情态动词如：can ,could, may , must , would ,should 等词后3祈使句中，如：-Jane ,_(come ) here ,please .-OK,Mary Dont _(forget) to close your door .祈使句的否定形式有两种表示方法 如：Dont smoke here =No smokin
19、g here 但是第二种形式多用于公共场合4Lets +v原形（用来提建议）5 Why not +v 原形？ （用来提建议）=Why dont you +v 原形？完成下列句子1I could _(read )a book when I was 4 years old .2Can you please _(write ) to me soon ?3You should _(lie ) down and rest when you are stressed out .4 The sad movie made everyone _(cry) 5 That makes me _(feel) happ
20、y.动词时态专项练习一般现在时与现在进行时专练( ) 1. Father usually _ his newspaper after dinner.A. read B. reads C. reading D. is reading( ) 2. The Blacks often _ to the cinema on Saturday evenings.A. go B. goes C. is going D. are going( ) 3.Look! The boy _ with his mother in the pool.A. is swimming B. is swimming C. are
21、 swimming D. are swiming ( ) 4.- What is Tom doing in the classroom? - He _ something on the blackboard.A. draws B. draw C. is drawing D. are drawing.( ) 5.Old Tom usually _ up at six and _ sports in the garden.A. gets, dos B. gets, does C. get, does D. gets, do( ) 6. Its ten oclock and Jack _ still
22、(仍然) _ his homework.A. is, do B. is, doing C. are, do D. are, doing( ) 7. The waiters _ to work at five every morning.A. start B. starts C. starting D. are starting( ) 8.I _ a letter, so I cant go out with you.A. is writing B. am writing C. am writeing D. am writting ( ) 9.A hundred days _ quite a l
23、ong time.A. is B. are C. have D. has( ) 10. -_ late for the meeting next time. Sorry, I wont.A. Dont B. Dont be C. Wont be D. Be not( ) 11. My mother _ noodles, but my father _.A. likes, doesnt B. dont like, do C. likes, didnt D. didnt like, do( )12. The picture _ nice.A. looks B. is looked C. look
24、D. is looking( )13. The students will go to the Summer Palace if it _ tomorrow.A. dont rain B. doesnt rain C. wont rain D. isnt rain( )14. We are always ready _ others.A. to helping B. to help C. help D. helping( )15. I often hear her _ about the boy.A. talking B. talk C. to talk D. talked( )16. Hes
25、 already a little weak in Chinese, _ he ?A. is B. isnt C. has D. hasnt ( )17.Potatoes are _ in the field by the farmers.A. grow B. growing C. grown D. grew( )18. Does she have a watch? Yes, she _.A. have B. do C. has D. does( )19. She _ English very much now.A. is liking B. likes C. liked D. is teac
26、hing( )20. She has no paper to _ . Why not give her some?A. write B. be writing C. write on D. write in( )21. Does Mr Know-all know _ keys?A. to make B. how to make C. how make D. making( )22. Does your mother _ English now?A. teaches B. teach C. taught D. is teaching ( )23. Jack usually _ mistakes
27、last term. But this term he does better.A. makes B. made C. does D. did( )24. The boy is too young, please _ carefully.A. look after him B. look him after C. look at him D. look him at( )25. She _ you to come to my birthday party.A. hopes B. wishes C. want D. lets( )26. -Where is Frank now? - He _ h
28、is bike in the yard.A. fixes up B. fixing up C. is fixing up D. fixed( )27. Bob often _ his mother with the housework on Sundays.A. help B. helping C. helps D. helped( )28. The students will go to the Summer Palace if it _ tomorrow.A. dont rain B. doesnt rain C. wont rain D. isnt rain( )29. If it _
29、tomorrow, I will go by car.A. rain B. will rain C. rains D. would rain( )30. -What a nice garden! She _ it every day.A. is cleaning B. has cleaned C. cleans D. clean( )31. -Where is Peter? - He _ his homework in the room.A. is doing B. does C. did D. do( )32. The teacher told us that light _ much fa
30、ster than sound.A. travels B. traveled C. was D. will be( )33. My mother told us that Taiwan _ part of China.A. is B. are C. was D. were( )34. Do you know bananas _ in Hainan?A. grows B. is grown C. grew D. are grown( )35. The clothes _very soft.A. are felt B. are feeling C. feel D. feels( )36. The
31、supermarket is far from Marys house. So she _ only once a week.A. goes shopping B. has been there C. was shopping D. has gone there( )37. Dont make so much noise. We _ to the music.A. are listening B. listen C. listened D. have listened( )38. Ill go swimming with you if I _ free tomorrow.A. will be
32、B. shall be C. am D. was ( )39. Oh, Mrs. King, your sweater looks nice. Is it _ wool ?- Yes, and its _ Inner Mongolia.A. made of, made by B. made of, made in C. made by, made for D. made by, made from一般将来时专练( )1. Her hope _ the 2008 Olympic Games.A. to take part in B. is to take part in C. taking pa
33、rt in D. will take part in( )2. - Can I go to Beijing for my holiday, Dad? - You can when you _ a bit older.A. will get B. get C. are getting D. got( )3. If he _harder, he will catch up with us soon. A. study B. studies C. will study D. studied( )4. - Dont forget to ask him to write to me. - I wont.
34、 As soon as he _, Ill ask him to write to you.A. will come B. came C. comes D. is coming( )5. - Jimmy is leaving for a holiday.- Really? Where _ he _?A. has; gone B. will; go C. did; go D. would; go( )6. Frank _ to see his grandma if he _ free tomorrow.A. will come; will be B. comes; isC. will come;
35、 is D. comes; will be( )7. There _ a talk on science in our school next Monday.A. will give B. will be C. is going to give D. is ( )8. - Shall we go shopping now?- Sorry, I cant. I _ my shirts.A. wash B. washes C. washed D. am washing( )9. I believe that those mountains _ with trees in a few years t
36、ime.A. are covered B. will be covered C. are covering D. will cover( )10. It is said that about 400 cars _ in the factory next month.A. were produced B. will produce C. are produced D. will be produced( )11. - Are you free this afternoon?- No. Ill have an English composition _ this afternoon.A. to w
37、rite B. wrote C. to be writing D. to be written( )12. - Come back home every month. - I _.A. will B. must C. should D. can( )13. A robot _ think of itself; it _ be told what to do.A. cant; must B. couldnt; can C. may not; will D. mustnt, may一般过去时专练( )1. The mother asked the boy _ down the ladder, bu
38、t he went on _ instead.A. come; climbingB. to come; to climbC. to come; climbing D. coming; climbing( )2. The teacher asked the students to close the windows _ the wind from _ the papers away.A. to stop; blowingB. stopping; blowingC. to stop; blow D. stopped; blow( )3. The sick man stayed in bed, _
39、very terrible.A. felt B. feeling C. is feeling D. was feeling( )4. Yesterday I heard a story _ by my friend.A. told B. telling C. to tell D. tell( )5. The boy was made _ there for an hour by his father.A. standing B. stand C. to stand D. stands( )6. I saw him _ into the small store.A. went B. going
40、C. to go D. has gone( )7. He raised his voice to make everybody in the room _ him clearly.A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard( )8. Our geography teacher told us yesterday that the earth _ around the sun.A. was moving B. moved C. has moved D. moves( )9. Oh, its you. Im sorry I _ know you _ here.A.
41、 dont; are B. didnt; are C. didnt; were D. dont; were( )10. Mr LuXun died in 1936. He _ a lot of famous novels.A. wrote B. was writing C. has written D. would write( )11. - How was your weekend on the farm?- Great! We _ with the farmers.A. enjoy ourselves B. went fishing C. will work D. make friends
42、( )12. - What did Mr Jones do before he moved here?- He _ a city bus for over twenty-five years.A. is driving B. drove C. has driven D. drives( )13. Jane _ a new dress every month when she was in Shanghai.A. buys B. is buying C. bought D. will buy( )14. - Liu Mei cant come tonight.- Why? But she _ me she would come.A. tells B. told C. is