1、条件状语从句状语状语：n n状语是句子的重要修饰成分。状语是谓语里的另一个附加成分,它附加在谓语中心语的前面,从情况,时间,处所,方式,条件,对象,肯定,否定,范围和程度等方面对谓语中心进行修饰或限制。用来说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等。条件状语从句n n定义定义定义定义n n顾名思义在句子中做条件状语的从句顾名思义在句子中做条件状语的从句叫做叫做条件状语从句条件状语从句条件状语从句条件状语从句。n n条件状语从句的位置条件状语从句的位置n n可放在句首或句尾，放在句首时常用逗号与主句隔开。引导词：n n常用引导词：if,unlessn n特殊引导词:as
2、/solongas(除非;只要),incase(如果),onconditionthat(条件是),once,when,supposing(假如),suppose(that),onlyif,ifonly如果他如果他1212点前不来，我们就不等他了。点前不来，我们就不等他了。If he doesnt come before 12 oclock,we wont wait for him.除非明天下雨，否则我就要走。除非明天下雨，否则我就要走。I shall go tomorrow unless it rains.Supposing we dont have a day off,what shall
3、we do?只要你继续努力，你就一定会成功。只要你继续努力，你就一定会成功。As long as you keep on trying,you will surely succeed.假如我们没有一天假，我们该怎么办？假如我们没有一天假，我们该怎么办？n nIf If 引导词用法引导词用法引导词用法引导词用法n nifif引导的条件句有：真实条件句和虚拟引导的条件句有：真实条件句和虚拟条件句两种条件句两种:n n1.1.真实条件句：表示在某种条件下某事真实条件句：表示在某种条件下某事真实条件句：表示在某种条件下某事真实条件句：表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生很可能发生很可能发生很可能发生。如：如
4、n nIfyouaskhim,hewillhelpyou.Ifyouaskhim,hewillhelpyou.n n如果你请他帮忙如果你请他帮忙,他会帮你的。他会帮你的。n nIfitrainstomorrow,wewontgoonaIfitrainstomorrow,wewontgoonapicnic.picnic.n n如果明天下雨，我们就不去野餐。如果明天下雨，我们就不去野餐。n n注意注意注意注意：在含有条件状语从句的复合句中，：在含有条件状语从句的复合句中，表示将来时态，主句是表示将来时态，主句是一般将来时一般将来时态，态，从句要用从句要用一般现在时一般现在时 主将从现主将从现主将
5、从现主将从现原则原则原则原则，并且，切记紧跟着并且，切记紧跟着if if的那句话是从句。）的那句话是从句。）n n2.2.虚拟条件句是虚拟条件句是虚拟语气虚拟语气的一种，表的一种，表示与事实相反示与事实相反，不可实现的条件或根，不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件本不可能存在的条件,也就是一种虚拟也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设的条件或假设,从句多用从句多用一般过去时或一般过去时或一般过去时或一般过去时或过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时。n n如如:IfIwereyou,Iwouldinvitehim:IfIwereyou,Iwouldinvitehimtotheparty.tothepar
6、ty.n n如果我是你如果我是你,我会邀请他参加聚会。我会邀请他参加聚会。n nIwouldhavearrivedmuchearlierifIIwouldhavearrivedmuchearlierifIhadnotbeencaughtinthetraffic.hadnotbeencaughtinthetraffic.n n如果没有堵车如果没有堵车,我会到的早一点儿。我会到的早一点儿。n nIfIwereyou,Iwouldgowithhim.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgowithhim.n n如果我是你如果我是你,我会和他一起去的。我会和他一起去的。虚拟语气在条件句中虚拟语气在条件句
7、中虚拟语气在条件句中虚拟语气在条件句中虚拟条件句虚拟条件句虚拟条件句虚拟条件句主句主句主句主句与现在事实相与现在事实相与现在事实相与现在事实相反的假设反的假设反的假设反的假设与过去相反的与过去相反的与过去相反的与过去相反的假设假设假设假设与将来相反的与将来相反的与将来相反的与将来相反的假设假设假设假设If+主语主语+动词的过去式动词的过去式（动词动词be用用were)主语主语+should,would,might,could动词动词原形原形If+主语主语+had+过去分词过去分词主语主语should,would,might,couldhave done1、If+主语主语+动词过去式动词过去式2
8、If+主语主语+were to+动动词原形词原形3、If+主语主语+should+动动词原形词原形主语主语should,would，might,could动词动词原形原形n n翻译翻译n n如果我是一只小鸟，我就能自由在如果我是一只小鸟，我就能自由在天空飞翔天空飞翔如果你今天早上来了就会碰到他如果你今天早上来了就会碰到他n n如果你成功的话，一切都会好起来。如果你成功的话，一切都会好起来。If I were a bird,I would fly freely in the sky.If you had come this morning,you would have met him.If y
9、ou should succeed,everything would be all right.=If you were to succeed,.=If you succeeded,.when意为“倘若”=ifn n倘若手术的话，她可能会康复。Hewilllikelyrecoverwhenhehastheoperation.only ifonly if 只要，只有只要，只有只要，只有只要，只有 ，从句用陈述，从句用陈述，从句用陈述，从句用陈述语气，表示真实条件。语气，表示真实条件。语气，表示真实条件。语气，表示真实条件。if onlyif only“但愿，要是但愿，要是但愿，要是但愿，要是.就
10、好就好就好就好了了了了”，从句虚拟语气。，从句虚拟语气。，从句虚拟语气。，从句虚拟语气。If only she were with me!要是她和我在一起就好了！要是她和我在一起就好了！The problem can be solved only if steps are taken now.只有只有现在采取措施，在采取措施，这个个问题才可以解决才可以解决。unlessunless引导词用法引导词用法引导词用法引导词用法固定搭配：固定搭配：unless=if.notunless=if.not除非除非,若不若不,除非在除非在的时候的时候 Unlessitrains,Unlessitrains,t
11、hegamewillbethegamewillbeplayed.played.=IfitdosentrainIfitdosentrain，thegamewillbethegamewillbeplayed.played.除非下雨除非下雨,比赛将照常进行。比赛将照常进行。Ifitdosentraintomorrow,wewillgotoIfitdosentraintomorrow,wewillgotothezoo.thezoo.=Unlessitrains,wewillgotothezoo.unless在表示一种例外的特殊情况的时候，相当于except，不能和if.not替换。Heneverlos
12、eshistemperunlessheisangry.他除了生气从来不发脾气。由由as(so)longas,incaseas(so)longas,incase引导。引导。E.g.E.g.Solongasyourehappy,itdoesntmatterSolongasyourehappy,itdoesntmatterwhatyoudo.whatyoudo.只要你高兴，你做什么都没有关系。只要你高兴，你做什么都没有关系。YoumayborrowmybookaslongasyouYoumayborrowmybookaslongasyoukeepitclean.keepitclean.只要你保持书的
13、清洁，你就可以把我的书只要你保持书的清洁，你就可以把我的书借去。借去。Takeyourumbrellaincaseitrains.Takeyourumbrellaincaseitrains.带着你的伞吧，以防下雨。带着你的伞吧，以防下雨。1.The WTO cannot live up to its name _ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.A.as long as BWhile Cif Deven though2.It is known to all that _ you exercis
14、e regularly,you wont keep in good health.(05重庆)A.unless B.whenever C.although D.if 3.(10山东)The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day,_ accompanied by an adult.A.once B.when C.if D.unless4.(09陕西)My parents dont mind what job I do_ I am happy.even though B.
15、as soon as C.as long as D.as thoughC CA AC CD D5.She says that shellhave to close the 5.She says that shellhave to close the shop_ business improves.(2013.shop_ business improves.(2013.江西江西)A.if B.unless A.if B.unless C.after D.whenC.after D.when6.6._ I can see,there is only one possible _ I can see
16、there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger.way to keep away from the danger.（0404北京）北京）A.As long asA.As long as B.As far as B.As far as C.Just as C.Just as D.Even if D.Even if 7 7.I always take something to read when I.I always take something to read when I go to the doctors _ I ha
17、ve to wait.go to the doctors _ I have to wait.（0505全国）全国）A Ain case in case B Bso that so that C Cin order in order D Das if as if B BB BA A1._youcallmetosayyourenotcoming，Illseeyouatthetheatre.(2004吉林27)A.ThoughB.WhetherC.UntilD.Unless2.-Whatwouldyoudoifit_tomorrow？-Wehavetocarryiton，sincewevegotev
18、erythingready.(2005全国I9)A.rainB.rainsC.willrainD.israining3.Youmustkeeponworkingintheevening_youaresureyoucanfinishthetaskintime.(2005安徽22)A.asB.ifC.whenD.unless4._youvetriedit，youcantimaginehowpleasantitis.(2006北京33)A.UnlessB.BecauseC.AlthoughD.WhenDBDA5.Intimeofseriousaccidents，_weknowsomebasicthi
19、ngsaboutfirstaid，wecansavelives.(2006重庆23)A.whetherB.untilC.ifD.unless6.Wewontkeepwinninggames_wekeepplayingwell.(2006浙江2)A.becauseB.unlessC.whenD.while7._environmentaldamagesisdone，ittakesmanyyearsfortheecosystemtorecover.(2006江苏31)A.EvenifB.IfonlyC.WhileD.Once8.Howcanyouexpecttolearnanything_youneverlisten？(2006山东31)A.incaseB.evenifC.unlessD.whenCBDD
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