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1、SCI写作：经典词+常用句型一、经典替换词1. individuals, characters, folks 替换 people , persons.2. positive, favorable, rosy, promising, perfect, pleasurable, excellent, outstanding, superior 替换 good.3. dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill 替换 bad（如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换。）4. an army of, an ocean of, a sea o
2、f, a multitude of, a host of, if not most 替换 many.5. a slice of, quiet a few 替换 some.6. harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that 替换 think。7. affair, business, matter 替换 thing.8. shared 替换 common .9. reap huge frui
3、ts 替换 get many benefits.10. for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion.11. Increasing(ly), growing 替换 more and more（注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing修饰形容词，副词用increasingly.）12. little if anything或little or nothing 替换 hardly.13. beneficial, rewarding 替换 helpful.14. shopper, clie
4、nt, consumer, purchaser 替换 customer.15. overwhelmingly, exceedingly, extremely, intensely 替换 very.16. hardly necessary, hardly inevitable替换 unnecessary, avoidable.17. indispensable 替换 necessary.18. sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested
5、 in.19. capture ones attention 替换 attract ones attention.20. facet, demension, sphere 替换 aspet.21. be indicative of, be suggestive of, be fearful of 替换 indicate,suggest, fear.22. give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换 cause.23. There are several reasons behind sth 替换reasons for sth.24. desire
6、替换 want.25. pour attention into 替换 pay attention to.26. bear in mind that 替换 remember.27. enjoy, possess 替换 have（注意process是过程的意思）。28. interaction 替换 communication.29. frown on sth 替换 be against , disagree with sth .30. as an example 替换 for example, for instance.31. next to / virtually impossible 替换
7、nearly / almost impossible.32. regarding / concerning 替换 about.33. crucial /paramount 替换 important.34. 第一（in the first place/the first and foremost）；第二（there is one more point, I should touch on, that）；第三（the last but not the least）.35. assiduous 替换 hard-working.36. arduous 替换 difficult.37. underdev
8、eloped / financially-challenged 替换poor（因为poor通常含有贬义）.38. demonstrate / manifest 替换 show.39. invariably 替换 always.40. perilous / hazardous替换 dangerous.41. formidable 替换 difficult.42. quintessential 替换 typical（举例时常用，例如：a quintessential example should be cited that=for example; for instance）.43. distin
9、guished 替换 famous.44. feasible 替换 possible.45. consequently, accordingly替换 so.46. 通常，由数据推断出一定的结论，用Results indicate, infer, suggest, imply that47. 最常见的引述别人观点的词汇Much of the research in sexual selection in the last two decades has examined how a females preference that does not influence her immediate
10、reproductive success can still evolve if it is genetically correlated with another character under direct selection.(不要每次写到研究时总用study，可以用些其它的词汇，比如examine，work。)Two hypotheses for female preference evolutionrunaway sexual selection and good genes selectionstate that preferences evolve indirectly beca
11、use they are genetically correlated with male traits that are under direct selection; that is, the preferences themselves are not under direct selection.(在引述别人的观点时，如果不能完全同意，使用state 比show更加中立些。)Studies of receiver biases suggest that such analogies might not be broadly applicable.(suggest,又一种较为客观的引述观
12、点的表达方法。)Burley argued that the preference for red beaks is adaptive because it indicates male health, and this preference is then transferred to leg-band color.(argue,引用别人观点的又一表述。)According to the anti-monotony hypothesis, habituation plays an important role in the evolution of complex vocalizations
13、 in songbirds: Increased song complexity reduces habituation of neighboring males and courting females.(根据)Previous studies of acoustic and bioluminescent interactions had emphasized potential advantages to group-signaling organization, such as minimizing predation, preserving species-specific signa
14、l characters, or increasing the attractiveness of the group.(带有小小的强调)48.常见的连接词有，However, also, in addition, consequently, afterwards, moreover, Furthermore, further, although, unlike, in contrast, Similarly, Unfortunately, alternatively, parallel results, In order to, despite, For example, Compared
15、with, other results, thus, therefore用好连接词能使文章层次清楚，意思明确。比如，叙述有时间顺序的事件或文献，最早的文献可用AA advocated it for the first time.接下来可用Then BB further demonstrated that. 再接下来，可用Afterwards, CC如果还有，可用More recent studies by DD二、常用句型Beginning1. In this paper, we focus on the need for2. This paper proceeds as follow.3.
16、The structure of the paper is as follows.4. In this paper, we shall first briefly introduce fuzzy sets and related concepts5. To begin with we will provide a brief background on theIntroduction 1. This will be followed by a description of the fuzzy nature of the problem and a detailed presentation o
17、f how the required membership functions are defined.2. Details on xx and xx are discussed in later sections.3. In the next section, after a statement of the basic problem, various situations involving possibility knowledge are investigated: first, an entirely possibility model is proposed; then the
18、cases of a fuzzy service time with stochastic arrivals and non fuzzy service rule is studied; lastly, fuzzy service rule are considered.Review 1. This review is followed by an introduction.2. A brief summary of some of the relevant concepts in xxx and xxx is presented in Section 2.3. In the next sec
19、tion, a brief review of the . is given.4. In the next section, a short review of . is given with special regard to .5. Section 2 reviews relevant research related to xx.6. Section 1.1 briefly surveys the motivation for a methodology of action, while 1.2 looks at the difficulties posed by the complex
20、ity of systems and outlines the need for development of possibility methods.Body 1. Section 1 defines the notion of robustness, and argues for its importance.2. Section 1 devoted to the basic aspects of the FLC decision making logic.3. Section 2 gives the background of the problem which includes xxx
21、4. Section 2 discusses some problems with and approaches to, natural language understanding.5. Section 2 explains how flexibility which often . can be expressed in terms of fuzzy time window6. Section 3 discusses the aspects of fuzzy set theory that are used in the .7. Section 3 describes the system
22、 itself in a general way, including the . and also discusses how to evaluate system performance.8. Section 3 describes a new measure of xx.9. Section 3 demonstrates the use of fuzzy possibility theory in the analysis of xx.10. Section 3 is a fine description of fuzzy formulation of human decision.11
23、. Section 3, is developed to the modeling and processing of fuzzy decision rules12. The main idea of the FLC is described in Section 3 while Section 4 describes the xx strategies.13. Section 3 and 4 show experimental studies for verifying the proposed model.14. Section 4 discusses a previous fuzzy s
24、et based approach to cost variance investigation.15. Section 4 gives a specific example of xxx.16. Section 4 is the experimental study to make a fuzzy model of memory process.17. Section 4 contains a discussion of the implication of the results of Section 2 and 3.18. Section 4 applies this fuzzy mea
25、sure to the analysis of xx and illustrate its use on experimental data.19. Section 5 presents the primary results of the paper: a fuzzy set model .20. Section 5 contains some conclusions plus some ideas for further work.21. Section 6 illustrates the model with an example.22. Various ways of justific
26、ation and the reasons for their choice are discussed very briefly in Section 2.23. In Section 2 are presented the block diagram expression of a whole model of human DM system24. In Section 2 we shall list a collection of basic assumptions which a . scheme must satisfy.25. In Section 2 of this paper,
27、 we present representation and uniqueness theorems for the fundamental measurement of fuzziness when the domain of discourse is order dense.26. In Section 3, we describe the preliminary results of an empirical study currently in progress to verify the measurement model and to construct membership fu
28、nctions.27. In Section 5 is analyzed the inference process through the two kinds of inference experiments.This Section1. In this section, the characteristics and environment under which MRP is designed are described.2. We will provide in this section basic terminologies and notations which are neces
29、sary for the understanding of subsequent results.Next Section2. The next section describes the mathematics that goes into the computer implementation of such fuzzy logic statements.3. However, it is cumbersome for this purpose and in practical applications the formulae were rearranged and simplified
30、 as discussed in the next section.4. The three components will be described in the next two section, and an example of xx analysis of a computer information system will then illustrate their use.5. We can interpret the results of Experiments I and II as in the following sections.6. The next section
31、summarizes the method in a from that is useful for arguments based on xxSummary 1. This paper concludes with a discussion of future research consideration in section 5.2. Section 5 summarizes the results of this investigation.3. Section 5 gives the conclusions and future directions of research.4. Se
32、ction 7 provides a summary and a discussion of some extensions of the paper.5. Finally, conclusions and future work are summarized6. The basic questions posed above are then discussed and conclusions are drawn.7. Section 7 is the conclusion of the paper.Chapter 0. Abstract 1. A basic problem in the
33、design of xx is presented by the choice of a xx rate for the measurement of experimental variables.2. This paper examines a new measure of xx in xx based on fuzzy mathematics which overcomes the difficulties found in other xx measures.3. This paper describes a system for the analysis of the xx.4. Th
34、e method involves the construction of xx from fuzzy relations.5. The procedure is useful in analyzing how groups reach a decision.6. The technique used is to employ a newly developed and versatile xx algorithm.7. The usefulness of xx is also considered.8. A brief methodology used in xx is discussed.
35、9. The analysis is useful in xx and xx problem.10. A model is developed for a xx analysis using fuzzy matrices.11. Algorithms to combine these estimates and produce a xx are presented and justified.12. The use of the method is discussed and an example is given.13. Results of an experimental applicat
36、ions of this xx analysis procedure are given to illustrate the proposed technique.14. This paper analyses problems in15. This paper outlines the functions carried out by .16. This paper includes an illustration of the .17. This paper provides an overview and information useful for approaching18. Emp
37、hasis is placed on the construction of a criterion function by which the xx in achieving a hierarchical system of objectives are evaluated.19. The main emphasis is placed on the problem of xx20. Our proposed model is verified through experimental study.21. The experimental results reveal interesting
38、 examples of fuzzy phases of: xx, xx22. The compatibility of a project in terms of cost, and xx are likewise represented by linguistic variables.23. A didactic example is included to illustrate the computational procedureTime1. Over the course of the past 30 years, . has emerged form intuitive2. Tec
39、hnological revolutions have recently hit the industrial world3. The advent of . systems for has had a significant impact on the4. The development of . is explored5. During the past decade, the theory of fuzzy sets has developed in a variety of directions6.The concept of xx was investigated quite int
40、ensively in recent years7. There has been a turning point in . methodology in accordance with the advent of .8. A major concern in . today is to continue to improve.9. A xx is a latecomer in the part representation arena.10. At the time of this writing, there is still no standard way of xx11. Althou
41、gh a lot of effort is being spent on improving these weaknesses, the efficient and effective method has yet to be developed.12. The pioneer work can be traced to xx 1965.13. To date, none of the methods developed is perfect and all are far from ready to be used in commercial systems.Objective / Goal
42、 / Purpose 1. The purpose of the inference engine can be outlined as follows:2. The ultimate goal of the xx system is to allow the non experts to utilize the existing knowledge in the area of manual handling of loads, and to provide intelligent, computer aided instruction for xxx.3. The paper concer
43、ns the development of a xx4. The scope of this research lies in5. The main theme of the paper is the application of rule based decision making.6. These objectives are to be met with such thoroughness and confidence as to permit .7. The objectives of the . operations study are as follows:8. The prima
44、ry purpose/consideration/objective of9. The ultimate goal of this concept is to provide10. The main objective of such a . system is to11. The aim of this paper is to provide methods to construct such probability distribution.12. In order to achieve these objectives, an xx must meet the following req
45、uirements:13. In order to take advantage of their similarity14. more research is still required before final goal of . can be completed15. In this trial, the objective is to generate.16. for the sake of concentrating on . research issues17. A major goal of this report is to extend the utilization of
46、 a recently developed procedure for the xx.18. For an illustrative purpose, four well known OR problems are studied in presence of fuzzy data: xx.19. A major thrust of the paper is to discuss approaches and strategies for structuring .methods20. This illustration points out the need to specify21. Th
47、e ultimate goal is both descriptive and prescriptive.22. Chapter 2. Literature Review23. A wealth of information is to be found in the statistics literature, for example, regarding xx24. A considerable amount of research has been done . during the last decade25. A great number of studies report on t
48、he treatment of uncertainties associated with xx.26. There is considerable amount of literature on planning27. However, these studies do not provide much attention to uncertainty in xx.28. Since then, the subject has been extensively explored and it is still under investigation as well inmethodological aspects as in concrete applications.29. Many research studies have been carried out on this topic.30. Problem of xx draws re