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1、Pronouns,高考英语一轮 复习代词课件,代词 一.概念: 代词是代替名词的词, 按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词、连接代词和关系代词等。 二.相关知识点精讲 1.人称代词1)人称代词的人称、数和格，如下表所示。,2)人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语，宾格作宾语。如： I like table tennis. （作主语） Do you know him?（作宾语） 3)人称代词还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。如：-Who is knocking at the door? -Its me. 4)人称代词在than之后
2、与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。如： He is older than me. He is older than I am.,2. 物主代词1)表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性 物主代词，如下表所示。,2)形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。例如： Our teacher is coming to see us. This is her pencil-box. 3)名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。 Our school is here, and theirs is there.（作主语）- Is thi
3、s English-book yours? （作表语） - No. Mine is in my bag. Ive already finished my homework. Have you finished yours? （作宾语）,3. 反身代词 英语中用来表示我自己，你自己，他自己，我们自己，你们自己 等意义的代词称为反身代词，也有人称之为自身代名词，其形式如表所示。,反身代词可以在句中作宾语，表语，同位语。 1)作宾语，表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者，主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。 He called himself a writer 2)作表语。It doesnt matter.
4、Ill be myself soon 3)作主语或宾语的同位语，表示亲自或本人。 I myself washed the clothes,enjoy oneself, feel oneself, make oneself at home, make oneself understood for oneself为自己或独立地， of oneself自然地，自动地 by oneself独自地， in oneself本身性质， beside oneself喜怒哀愁至极,反身代词,I me my mine myself,we us our ours ourselves,you you your you
5、rs yourself,you you your yours yourselves,he him his his himself,she her her hers herself,it it its its itself,they them their theirs themselves,4. 指示代词 包括：this，that，these，those。 this和these是时间或空间上的“近指”，可与here连用； that和those是时间或空间上的“远指”，可与there连用。 例如： This is a pen and that is a pencil We are busy the
6、se days In those days the workers had a hard time,that和those指前面讲到过的事物； this和these则是指下面将要讲到的事物。 例如：I had a cold. Thats why I didnt come. What I want to say is this ; pronunciation is very important in learning English,有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替 例如： Television sets made in Beijing are just as good
7、as those made in Shanghai this 在电话用语中代表自己，that 则代表对方，不用I或you。 例如： Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking? this和that还可表示程度，意为“如此，那么”，相当于so，作状语。,5不定代词： （1）some： 用于肯定句中，或用于建议、请求、邀请的疑问句中，或用于希望对方作肯定回答的疑问句中，也用于表示反问的否定疑句中。 如：Would you like some more bananas? （2）any： 用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中，或用于never, hardly, wit
8、hout, if/whether等词之后。 同理，something，somebody，someone的用法同some；anything，anybody，anyone的用法同any。,5不定代词： （3）one： 指人或物，“一个”，其复数为ones,指人时，其所有格是ones，反身代词是oneself. This is not the one I want.(表语) （4）both： 指人或指物，“两者都” This maths problem can be worked out in both ways. 注意： both用于否定句，表示部分否定； 表示完全否定时，用neither。 Bo
9、th of us are not teachers.我们俩并不都是教师。 Neither of us is a teacher. 我们俩都不是教师。 both不能放在the、these、those、my等之后，而应放在它们的前面。如：Both my parents like this film.,5不定代词： （5）All： “全部的”、“整个的”，可与可数或不可数名词连用，除少数情况外，一般不与单数可数名词连用，与复数名词连用时，表示“所有的”、“全部的”，指三个或三个以上的人或物。 He gave me all the money.他把全部的钱给了我。 All the schools ar
10、e flooded.所有的学校都被淹了。 注意： all 用于否定句，表示部分否定，完全否定用none。 如： Not all the ants go out for food. (or:All the ants dont go out for food.) 并不是所有的蚂蚁都出去寻找食物。 None of the money is mine.这钱一分也不是我的。,5不定代词： （6） few和little ： 表示没有多少，含否定意义；而a few 和a little表示有一些，有几个，含肯定意义。另外，few、a few 修饰可数名词；little、a little修饰不可数名词。（7）n
11、o和none： no=not any，表示“没有”，用来修饰可数名词或不可数名词，通常作定语； none代替不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；代替可数名词作主语时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数形式。none还可以在句中作宾语。 注意：none既可指人又可指物，其后面一般需跟of所引导的一个范围；no one只能指人，并且不需接范围。 How manymuch提问时的否定回答用none；Who提问时的否定回答用no one；What提问时的否定回答用nothing。,5不定代词： （8）each和every ： each（各个），指两或两个以上的人或物，侧重个体。 every（每个），指三或
12、三个以上的人或物，侧重整体。 Every student it our class has a dictionary. (定语，强调班上“所有的人”) Each student in our class has a dictionary. （定语，强调各个个体） Each of them has been there.（主语） The teacher gave each of the students a new textbook. （宾语） We each got a ticket.（同位语）,5不定代词： （9）either和neither ： either是“两者中任何一个”的意思，可修
13、饰或代替单数可数名词 neither是“两者中没有一个”的意思，可以修饰或代替单数可数名词，它们可在句在作主语、宾语或定语。 如： Here are two pens. You may take either of them.(宾语) Neither boy knows French.(定语),5不定代词： （10）other： 意思是“其他的”，不能单独使用，后面必须接名词，表泛指；others可指 其他的人或东西，相当于other+名词复数；the others特指其他某些人或物，相当于the other+名词复数。 （11）another 指三者或三者以上当中的另一个；This coat
14、 is too dark. Please show me another.(宾语) Please give me another book.（定语） 注意：another修饰复数名词时，意为“再，又”。,5不定代词：,说明：表示“别的，另外的”还有： (1)用于疑问词或复合不定代词后面的else，其所有格形式是elses。 (2)既能指可数名词也可指不可数名词的the rest(其余的)。但上表中的代词只能代替可数名词。,5不定代词： it的用法 (1)替代前面提到的同一事物。 (2)替代前面整句话的内容。如： When the factory closes, it will mean 500
15、 workers will be out of work. 工厂一旦关闭, 那就意味着要有500工人失业。 (3)指动物、婴儿，或在情景中确认的某人。 (4)指时间、距离、气候、环境等。 (5)作形式主语或形式宾语。如： (6)用于it isthat强调结构中。,在解答代词类题目时，我们应首先分析题干，明确代词所指代的对象，从而避免误判。具体说来，可从这几个方面考虑：代词指代的是人还是物。 代词指代的是可数名词还是不可数名词。 代词指代的是特指还是泛指概念。 代词指代的概念是表示两者之间还是三者或三者以上。代词所表示的是肯定还是否定概念。,三.巩固练习 1. Tom, Please pass
16、_ the glasses. I want to read the newspapers. A. you B. me C. him D. her 2. The English novel is quite easy for you. There are _ new words in it. A. a little B. little C. a few D. few 3. -You want _ sandwich? -Yes, I usually eat a lot when Im hungry. A. other B. another C. others D. the other,4. The
17、 doctors and nurses are doing their best to fight SARS. They think more of others than _. A. they B. them C. themselves D. theirs 5. -Which do you prefer, a bottle of orange or a bottle of milk? -_, thanks. Id like a cup of tea. A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None,6. -Oh! I came in a hurry and forg
18、ot to bring food. -Never mind. You can have _. A. us B. ours C. you D. yours 7. -Can I come this evening or tomorrow morning? -_ is OK. Im free today and tomorrow. A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None,8. -How are you going to improve _ this term? -Work harder than last term. A. ourselves B. myself C
19、. himself D. yourself 9. -Could you tell me _ she is looking for? -Her cousin, Susan. A. that B. whose C. who D. which,10. -Is _ here? -No. Li Lei and Han Mei have asked for leave. A. everybody B. somebody C. anybody D. nobody 11. Paul has _ friends except me, and sometimes he feels lonely. A. many
20、B. some C. few D. more 12. If you want to book a round-trip ticket, youll have to pay _ $ 30. A. more B. other C. the other D. another,13. -Do you live by yourself, Mr Wang? -Yes. I have three sons. But _ of them lives with me. They are now studying in America? neither B. both C. none D. either 14.
21、-Have you sent your parents an E-mail telling them you arrived safe? -No. _ of them can use a computer. A. None B. Both C. Neither D. All,15. Who taught _ English last term? Was _ Mr. Smith? A. you; it B. you; he C. your; it D. your; that 16. -That woman has a bag in her right hand. Whats in her _ h
22、and? A. another B. other C. one D. the other 17. We decided to go for a field trip with some friends of _. A. us B. our C. ours D. ourselves,18. -Is there a bus to the zoo? -Im afraid theres _ bus to the zoo. A. no B. any C. some D. none 19. You forgot your dictionary? You may have _. A. me B. my C. mine D. myself 20. This is _ classroom. Where is _? A.our; them B. us; they C. our; theirs D. ours; theirs,