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1、;.省道302线北川曲山至茂县段灾后重建工程（任家坪至禹里段）第七合同段混凝土路面面层工程施工方案邵阳公路桥梁建设有限责任公司省道302线北川曲山至茂县界段(曲山任家坪至禹里段)灾后重建工程施工第七合同段路面面层施工方案一、编制依据1、公路水泥混凝土路面施工技术规范JTGF40-20032、两阶段施工图设计文件二、工程概况我合同段路面结构采用22cm厚C30水泥混凝土面层+20cm厚5%水泥稳定碎石基层+18cm厚4%水泥稳定碎石底基层。混凝土面层采用混凝土标号为C30，施工时采用半幅施工。设计路面面层长度共计1059.59米，计7380.42。三、施工方案（一）施工工序测量放样安装模板安设传
2、力杆混凝土运输摊铺混凝土振捣收面养护切缝填缝刻纹1、测量放样水泥稳定碎石层全部施工完成后，所有检测项目全部合格，即可进行路面施工工序。复核路基范围所有导线点和水准点，并按照100米一个水准点进行加密，在施工过程中便于对模板进行检测。测量放样时，在水泥稳定碎石基层表面对路面左、中、右分别进行放点，并计算每个点位的路面面层厚度，如不符合要求，将对水泥稳定碎石基层表面进行处理，必须保证路面面层混凝土厚度。如符合要求，即可进行安装模板工序。2、安装模板 模板宜采用钢模板，弯道等非标准部位以及小型工程也可采用木模板。模板应无损伤，有足够的强度，内侧和顶、底面均应光洁、平整、顺直，局部变形不得大于3mm，
3、振捣时模板横向最大挠曲应小于4mm，高度应与混凝土路面板厚度一致，误差不超过±2mm，纵缝模板平缝的拉杆穿孔眼位应准确，企口缝则其企口舌部或凹槽的长度误差为钢模板±1mm，木模板±2mm。 3、安设传为杆 当侧模安装完毕后，即在需要安装传力杆位置上安装传为杆。 当混凝土板连续浇筑时，可采用钢筋支架法安设传力杆。即在嵌缝板上预留圆孔，以便传力杆穿过，嵌缝板上面设木制或铁制压缝板条，按传力杆位置和间距，在接缝模板下部做成倒U形槽，使传力杆由此 通过，传力杆的两端固定在支架上，支架脚插入基层内。 当混凝土板不连续浇筑时，可采用顶头木模固定法安设传为杆。即在端模板外侧增加
4、一块定位模板，板上按照传为杆的间距及杆径、钻孔眼，将传力杆穿过端模板孔眼，并直至外侧定位模板孔眼。两模板之间可用传力杆一半长度的横木固定。继续浇筑邻板混凝土时，拆除挡板、横木及定位模板，设置接缝板、木制压缝板条和传力杆套管。 4、摊铺和振捣 超过一次摊铺的最大厚度时，应分两次摊铺和振捣，两层铺筑的间隔时间不得超过3Omin，下层厚度约大于上层，且下层厚度为3/5。每次混凝土的摊铺、振捣、整平、抹面应连续施工，如需中断，应设施工缝，其位置应在设计规定的接缝位置。振捣时，可用平板式振捣器或插入式振捣器。 5、接缝施工 纵缝应根据设计文件的规定施工，一般纵缝为纵向施工缝。拉杆在立模后浇筑混凝土之前安
5、设，纵向施工缝的拉杆则穿过模板的拉杆孔安设，纵缝槽宜在混凝土硬化后用锯缝机锯切；也可以在浇筑过程中埋人接缝板，待混凝土初凝后拔出即形成缝槽。 锯缝时，混凝土应达到510Mpa强度后方可进行，也可由现场试锯确定。 横缩缝宜在混凝土硬结后锯成，在条件不具备的情况下，也可在新浇混凝土中压缝而成。锯缝必须及时，在夏季施工时，宜每隔34块板先锯一条，然后补齐；也允许每隔34块板先压一条缩缝，以防止混凝土板未锯先裂。 横胀缝应与路中心线成90°，缝壁必须竖直，缝隙宽度一致，缝中不得连浆，缝隙下部设胀缝板，上部灌封缝料。胀缝板应事先预制，常用的有油浸纤维板(或软木板)、海绵橡胶泡沫板等。预制胀缝板
6、嵌大前，应使缝壁洁净干燥，胀缝板与经壁紧密结合。 6、表面修整和防滑措施 水泥混凝土路面面层混凝土浇筑后，当混凝土终凝前必须用人工或机械将其表面抹平。当采用人工抹光时，其劳动强度大，还会把水分、水泥和细砂带到混凝土表面，以致表面比下部混凝土或砂浆有较高的干缩性和较低的强度。当采用机械抹光时，其机械上安装圆盘，即可进行粗光;安装细抹叶片，即可进行精光。 为了保证行车安全，混凝土表面应具有粗糙抗滑的表面。而抗滑标准，据国际道路会议路面防滑委员会建议，新铺混凝土路面当车速为45km/h时，摩擦系数最低值为0.45；车速为50km/h时，摩擦系数最低值为0.40。其施工时，可用棕刷顺横向在抹平后的表面
7、轻轻刷毛，也可用金属丝梳子梳成深12mm的横槽；目前，常用在已硬结的路面上，用锯槽机将路面锯成深56mm、宽23mm、间距2Omm的小横槽。 7、养护和填缝 混凝土板做面完毕应及时进行养护，使混凝土中拌合料有良好的水化、水解强度发育条件以及防止收缩裂缝的产生。养护时间一般约为142ld。混凝土宜达到设计要求，且在养护期间和封缝前，禁止车辆通行，在达到设计强度的40%后，方可允许行人通行。其养护方法一般有两种方法: 湿治养生法，这是最为常用的一种养护方法。即是在混凝土抹面2h后，表面有一定强度，用湿麻袋或草垫，或者203Omm厚的湿砂覆盖于混凝土表面以及混凝土板边侧。覆盖物还兼有隔温作用，保证混
8、凝土少受剧烈的天气变化影响。在规定的养生期间，每天应均匀洒水数次，使其保持潮湿状态。 塑料薄膜养生法，即在混凝土板做面完毕后，均匀喷洒过氯乙烯等成胰液(由过氯乙烯树脂、溶剂油和苯二甲酸二丁脂，按10%、88%和3%的重量比配制而成)，使形成不透气的薄膜保持膜内混凝土的水分，保湿养生。但注意过氯乙烯树脂是有毒、易燃品，应妥善防护。 施工时采用两种方法相结合。封(填)缝工作宜在混凝土初凝后进行，封缝时，应先清除干净缝隙内泥砂等杂物。如封缝为胀缝时，应在缝壁内涂一薄层冷底子油，封填料要填充实，夏天应与混凝土板表面齐平，冬天宜稍低于板面。常用的封缝料有两大类，即: 加热施工式封缝料：常用的是沥青橡胶封
9、缝料，也可采用聚氯乙烯胶泥和沥青玛蹄脂等。 常温施工式封缝料 主要有聚氨脂封缝胶、聚硫脂封缝胶以及氯丁橡胶类、乳化沥青橡胶类等常温施工式封缝料。 四、质量保证措施1、严格执行三检制，即施工班组自检、合格后报质检工程师检查，检验合格报监理工程师检查，如检查合格，方可进行下道工序；2、完善质量保障体系。由项目经理牵头，项目总工负责指导，质检工程师负责检查，班组具体落实，对每项工序进行严格的质量检查。3、测量放样必须在对导线、水准点复核的基础上进行。导线点和水准点经复核无误后方可进行路面点位包括平面坐标和高程放样，并对放样点进行校核，测量人员相互对测量成果进行复核和验算，无误后对施工队伍进行交底。4
10、、严格控制路面厚度。测量放样按10m一个点位分左、中、右三个点位放样，分别比较每个点位的路面厚度，路面厚度满足设计及规范要求方可立模，如路面厚度不满足设计及规范要求，必须对路面基层进行处理，并分析原因，达到路面厚度后方可进入下道工序。5、立模。模型为槽钢模型，模型表面光洁，无污秽，无混凝土残渣，立模前必须对模板进行清理，并在模板与混凝土接触面均匀涂刷脱模剂。考虑到施工段落曲线段落较多，综合考虑，每块模板长度3米。分左右幅浇筑，在纵缝处的模型必须按照设计要求钻孔，便于预埋连接钢筋。模板架立完毕后，必须再次对模型的高程和平面位置进行校核，由测量组按5米一个点位，对模型进行复核，误差范围必须达到设计
11、和施工规范要求。模型校核完毕后，若模型和基层面之间有空隙，必须采用路面混凝土同标号混凝土进行填塞密实，避免混凝土浇筑和摊铺时出现漏浆，同时不影响路面混凝土的厚度。6、原材料必须达到设计及施工规范要求，不能达到使用要求的原材料禁止进入施工现场。7、混凝土搅拌，严格按照混凝土配合比施工，控制混凝土坍落度。在施工过程中，由试验工程师负责混凝土搅拌，搅拌时间必须达到要求，避免混凝土离析。并根据砂、石料的含水量适时调整施工用水量，保证混凝土坍落度。8、混凝土采用自卸运输车，运输能力达到摊铺和混凝土搅拌平衡，避免混凝土运输到现场的等待时间过长，或摊铺后混凝土不能连续运输到现场。9、混凝土摊铺，采用摊铺机和
12、人工配合施工。自卸运输车将混凝土运输到现场后，摊铺机进行摊铺，人工配合。10、混凝土摊铺均匀后立即进行振捣。采用插入式振动棒进行振捣，振捣时不得触碰钢筋和模板，不得拖行振动棒，必须依次逐点进行振捣，振捣时应快插慢拔，不得猛插急提。 振捣密实的标准时混凝土无明显下沉和无大量气泡冒出，逐点振捣时，必须待一个点振捣密实后再进行下一个点振捣。11、在涵洞顶面及桥头过渡段路面施工时，振捣点间距应适当加密，不得漏振。在涵洞顶面和桥头过渡段设加强钢筋网，钢筋的保护层必须达到设计要求，采用预制的混凝土或砂浆垫块作为保护层定位点。混凝土振捣时不得触碰钢筋。振动时间比普通段混凝土的振捣时间适当延长510S。12、
13、粗平。振捣密实后，采用振动梁对混凝土表面进行振捣提浆，并对混凝土表面粗平。13、精平。采用混凝土抹面机配合人工精平。混凝土精平是整个路面施工的比较关键的工序，应选用经验丰富的技术工人进行，在混凝土达到初凝时开始操作。精平关系到路面混凝土外观、表面平整度、横坡等检查项目，在施工过程应引起高度重视。14、拆模。当混凝土强度达到8.0Mpa时方可拆模，最早拆模时间不得小于下表时间：施工时间在秋冬季，我们采用的最晚拆模时间不得小于36小时。15、养护。采用碘钨灯升温、洒水，半幅两侧设置支架覆盖塑料薄膜进行养护。养护期间必须断道，在施工范围设置警示标示标牌，不允许任何车辆在养护期间上路面。养护必须专人负
14、责。由于施工期间气温较低，采用的辅助升温措施必须专人看护，碘钨灯不得直接对路面混凝土距离过近，避免局部受热，混凝土出现不均匀干缩而出现开裂。覆盖的塑料薄膜必须全部讲混凝土表面全部覆盖。支架高度约1米，支架之间纵向间距1米左右横向加设木板，时薄膜能全部将混凝土罩住，不得漏冷空气进入。在每天早上进行洒水，同时碘钨灯不得关闭，薄膜不得拆除。使混凝土能不间断的进行升温养护。养护时间为7天。16、路面钢筋加工。路面钢筋按照设计和施工规范要求，纵缝传力杆、角隅钢筋、胀缝传力杆、胀缝钢筋支架以及桥头过渡板、涵洞顶面钢筋网所使用的钢筋型号，钢筋间距、长度等必须按照设计要求进行下料加工。焊接必须符合相关规范要求
15、。纵缝拉杆和胀缝拉杆必须按照设计要求钢筋表面均匀涂刷沥青。17、混凝土横向施工缝、胀缝施工。按照两阶段施工图设计文件要求，结合JTG F30水泥混凝土路面施工技术规范的相关要求：（1）横向施工缝横向施工缝间距采用等间距布置，采用4.5米/板，不得采用斜缝；横向施工缝采用不设传力杆的假缝。（2）胀缝胀缝最大间距约140米，在平曲线半径R200m的HY、YH及纵坡变换出均设胀缝。胀缝应设置胀缝补强钢筋支架、胀缝板和传力杆。胀缝板设置为软质木板，厚度2cm，缝中完全不连浆，胀缝木板贯通整个路面板块；胀缝为28级钢筋,一端套100mm长的塑料套内留30mm空隙填充棉纱，传力杆半段以上长度涂刷沥青。胀缝
16、传力杆的滑动端可设在缝的一边或交错布置，处理干必须平衡于板面及路面中心线，误差不大于3mm，固定传力杆的支架及横杆用钢筋焊接成整体。 每班施工结束或当班施工时混凝土等待时间超过30分钟时，需设横向施工缝，设置的位置尽量与胀缝或缩缝重合。如不能重合时，采用螺纹钢筋传力杆企口缝型式设置。传力杆应垂直于中心线。18、混凝土切缝混凝土养护24小时，应对混凝土面板进行切缝。采用机械切缝，横向切缝缝宽46mm，切缝深度50mm。19、灌缝（1）混凝土面板养生结束后应进行灌缝；（2）灌缝的技术要求：切缝后应用高压水将缝内的杂物清除干净；灌缝材料采用加热熬制的沥青，加热至规定温度，加热过程中应均匀搅拌，并尽快
17、使用完；灌缝应将缝内充填饱满，无空洞；灌缝后应将缝外的沥青清理干净。20、防滑构造使用硬刻槽方式制作抗滑沟槽，采用机械刻槽。按每块板平均分布，并垂直于线路中线。槽深度35mm，槽宽3mm。五、安全保证措施1、施工过程中加强安全检查，完善安全保证体系，由项目经理牵头，项目总工指导，专职安全员现场检查，施工班组具体落实。2、所有机械、设备操作人员必须是专业人员，驾驶员必须具有操作证书。3、施工临时用电必须由专业电工布线和接线，防止非专业人员接电伤人。4、施工现场设置标示标牌、安全警示标语等。5、施工人员必须佩带安全帽、劳保用品。g an employment tribunal claimEmplo
18、yment tribunals sort out disagreements between employers and employees.You may need to make a claim to an employment tribunal if:· you don't agree with the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you· your employer dismisses you and you think that you have been dismissed un
19、fairly.For more information about dismissal and unfair dismissal, see Dismissal.You can make a claim to an employment tribunal, even if you haven't appealed against the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you. However, if you win your case, the tribunal may reduce
20、any compensation awarded to you as a result of your failure to appeal.Remember that in most cases you must make an application to an employment tribunal within three months of the date when the event you are complaining about happened. If your application is received after this time limit, the tribu
21、nal will not usually accept it.If you are worried about how the time limits apply to you, take advice from one of the organisations listed under Further help.Employment tribunals are less formal than some other courts, but it is still a legal process and you will need to give evidence under an
22、oath or affirmation.Most people find making a claim to an employment tribunal challenging. If you are thinking about making a claim to an employment tribunal, you should get help straight away from one of the organisations listed under Further help.If you are being represented by a solicitor at
23、 the tribunal, they may ask you to sign an agreement where you pay their fee out of your compensation if you win the case. This is known as a damages-based agreement. In England and Wales, your solicitor can't charge you more than 35% of your compensation if you win the case.If you ar
24、e thinking about signing up for a damages-based agreement, you should make sure you're clear about the terms of the agreement. It might be best to get advice from an experienced adviser, for example, at a Citizens Advice Bureau. To find your nearest CAB, including those that give adv
25、ice by e-mail, click on nearest CAB.For more information about making a claim to an employment tribunal, see Employment tribunals.The (lack of) air up there Watch mCayman Islands-based Webb, the head of Fifa's anti-racism taskforce, is in London for the Football Association's 150th
26、 anniversary celebrations and will attend City's Premier League match at Chelsea on Sunday."I am going to be at the match tomorrow and I have asked to meet Yaya Toure," he told BBC Sport."For me it's about how he felt and I would like to speak to him first to find out what his
27、 experience was."Uefa has opened disciplinary proceedings against CSKA for the "racist behaviour of their fans" during City's 2-1 win.Michel Platini, president of European football's governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referee
28、9;s actions.CSKA said they were "surprised and disappointed" by Toure's complaint. In a statement the Russian side added: "We found no racist insults from fans of CSKA."Age has reached the end of the beginning of a word. May be guilty in his seems to passing a lot of differen
29、t life became the appearance of the same day; May be back in the past, to oneself the paranoid weird belief disillusionment, these days, my mind has been very messy, in my mind constantly. Always feel oneself should go to do something, or write something. Twenty years of life trajectory deeply shall
30、ow, suddenly feel something, do it.一字开头的年龄已经到了尾声。或许是愧疚于自己似乎把转瞬即逝的很多个不同的日子过成了同一天的样子；或许是追溯过去，对自己那些近乎偏执的怪异信念的醒悟，这些天以来，思绪一直很凌乱，在脑海中不断纠缠。总觉得自己自己似乎应该去做点什么，或者写点什么。二十年的人生轨迹深深浅浅，突然就感觉到有些事情，非做不可了。The end of our life, and can meet many things really do?而穷尽我们的一生，又能遇到多少事情是真正地非做不可？During my childhood, think lucky
31、 money and new clothes are necessary for New Year, but as the advance of the age, will be more and more found that those things are optional; Junior high school, thought to have a crush on just means that the real growth, but over the past three years later, his writing of alumni in peace, suddenly
32、found that isn't really grow up, it seems is not so important; Then in high school, think don't want to give vent to out your inner voice can be in the high school children of the feelings in a period, but was eventually infarction when graduation party in the throat, later again stood on th
33、e pitch he has sweat profusely, looked at his thrown a basketball hoops, suddenly found himself has already can't remember his appearance.童年时，觉得压岁钱和新衣服是过年必备，但是随着年龄的推进，会越来越发现，那些东西根本就可有可无；初中时，以为要有一场暗恋才意味着真正的成长，但三年过去后，自己心平气和的写同学录的时候，突然就发现是不是真正的成长了，好像并没有那么重要了；然后到了高中，觉得非要吐露出自己的心声才能为高中生涯里的懵懂情愫划上一个句点，但
34、毕业晚会的时候最终还是被梗塞在了咽喉，后来再次站在他曾经挥汗如雨的球场，看着他投过篮球的球框时，突然间发现自己已经想不起他的容颜。Originally, this world, can produce a chemical reaction to an event, in addition to resolutely, have to do, and time.原来，这个世界上，对某个事件能产生化学反应的，除了非做不可的坚决，还有，时间。A person's time, your ideas are always special to clear. Want, want, line i
35、s clear, as if nothing could shake his. Also once seemed to be determined to do something, but more often is he backed out at last. Dislike his cowardice, finally found that there are a lot of love, there are a lot of miss, like shadow really have been doomed. Those who do, just green years oneself
36、give oneself an arm injection, or is a self-righteous spiritual.一个人的时候，自己的想法总是特别地清晰。想要的，不想要的，界限明确，好像没有什么可以撼动自己。也曾经好像已经下定了决心去做某件事，但更多的时候是最后又打起了退堂鼓。嫌恶过自己的怯懦，最终却发现有很多缘分，有很多错过，好像冥冥之中真的已经注定。那些曾经所谓的非做不可，只是青葱年华里自己给自己注射的一支强心剂，或者说，是自以为是的精神寄托罢了。At the moment, the sky is dark, the air is fresh factor after jus
37、t rained. Suddenly thought of blue plaid shirt; Those were broken into various shapes of stationery; From the corner at the beginning of deep friendship; Have declared the end of the encounter that haven't start planning. Those years, those days of do, finally, like youth, will end in our life.此
38、刻，天空是阴暗的，空气里有着刚下过雨之后的清新因子。突然想到那件蓝格子衬衫；那些被折成各种各样形状的信纸；那段从街角深巷伊始的友谊；还有那场还没有开始就宣告了终结的邂逅计划那些年那些天的非做不可，终于和青春一样，都将在我们的人生中谢幕。Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted. r plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with
39、no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher tha
40、n the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence.The supersonic descent could happen as early as Sunda.The weatheThe balloon will slowly drift to the edge o
41、f space at 120,000 feet ( Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic diving platform.Below, the Earth becomes the concrete bottom of a swimming pool that he wants to land on, but not too hard. Still, he'll be traveling fast, so despite the distance, it wil
42、l not be like diving into the deep end of a pool. It will be like he is diving into the shallow end. Skydiver preps for the big jumpWhen he jumps, he is expected to reach the speed of sound - 690 mph (1,110 kph) - in less than 40 seconds. Like hitting the top of the water, he will begin to slow as h
43、e approaches the more dense air closer to Earth. But this will not be enough to stop him completely.If he goes too fast or spins out of control, he has a stabilization parachute that can be deployed to slow him down. His team hopes it's not needed. Instead, he plans to deploy his 270-square-foot
44、 (25-square-meter) main chute at an altitude of around 5,000 feet (1,524 meters).In order to deploy this chute successfully, he will have to slow to 172 mph (277 kph). He will have a reserve parachute that will open automatically if he loses consciousness at mach speeds.Even if everything goes as planned, it won't. Baumgartner still will free fall at a speed that would cause you and me to pass out, and no parachute is guaranteed to work higher than 25,000 feet (7,620 meters).cause there.