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1、第 3 讲 Robots 词汇篇知识梳理：一 . 重点词汇1. desire n. 渴望vt. 想要 重点用法desire sth. 渴望得到某物desire to do sth. 希望 /渴望做某事desire that sb.(should) do 要求have a desire for sth./to do sth. 渴望得到某物/希望做某事at one dessire 照某人的希望 典例 1) We all desire happiness and health. 我们都希望幸福健康。2) Everyone has a desire for success, but no everyo
2、ne desire to get rich. 每个人都渴望成功，但并非人人 都渴望金钱。3) He desires you to go to see him at once. 他要求你马上去见他。=he desires that you should go to see him at once.2. alarmn.警报vt.使、惊恐 重点用法give /raise the alarm 发警报ring the alarm 敲警钟sound the alarm 发警报 ; 吹警报号take (the) alarm at 对 .感到吃惊; 因 .而惊恐be alarmed at . 被 .吓一跳 典
3、例 1) We were much alarmed by the fire in the forest. 森林失火使我们大为惊慌。2) As soon as he saw the smoke, he sounded the alarm. 看见火灾爆发，他鸣响了警报。3. Sympathy n.同情 重点用法feel /have sympathy for 同情某人in sympathy with 同情 ; 赞成 ; 和 一致out of sympathy with 对 .不同情; 不赞成 ; 对 没有同感, 和 不一致win sympathy of 博得 的同情 典例 1) He gave th
4、e poor child some money out of sympathy. 出于同情，他给了这个穷孩子一点钱。2) He is in sympathy with their beliefs. 他与他们的信仰一致。4. accompany vt. 陪伴 重点用法accompany sb. to a place 陪伴某人去某地accompany sth. with/by sth. 与.同时存在 典例 1) He accompanied his old father to the hospital to see what' s wrongW部蜘S 老Om§ch.去医院查看胃部
5、出了什么问题。2) Thunders accompanied by heavy rain in this season are very common. 这个季节，雷鸣常常伴有大雨。5. declare vt. 宣布 重点用法declare sth. 宣布declare sb./sth. (to be) +n./adj. 宣布为declare thatdeclare war on/upon 对宣战declare against/for声明反对 /赞成 典例 1) She declared that she didn't want to see him again. 她宣称她再也不愿见到
6、他。2) Soon they will declare him the owner of the house. 很快他们就会宣布他为房子的主人。3) The government passed a law that declared it illegal to catch and sell this kind of animals.政府通过法律宣布捕捉贩卖这种动物是非法的。6. envy vt. 嫉妒 重点用法envy sb. sth. 妒忌/羡慕某人某物become the envy of sb. 成为令人嫉妒/羡慕的事物be in envy of one ' s sUcceisA的
7、成功out of envy 出于嫉妒/羡慕 典例 1) All her workmates envied her (for) her promotion. 所有的同事都羡慕她的晋升。2) His talent for music becomes the envy of the other competitors. 他在音乐方面的天分让其他人对手感到羡慕。二 . 重点词组1. test out 考验；试验 典例 1) This model had been tested out before it was put into production. 这个型号经过试验后才进行大批量生产。2) Bef
8、ore the lecture, the professor is used to testing out the whole experiment. 上课前，这个教授习惯先 将整个实验试验一番。 短语归纳test on sb./sth.在(身上)做实验/试验have/take a test in 参力口考试2. ring up打电话给 短语归纳ring back 回电话ring off 挂断电话;停止讲话ring a bell 唤醒经常是模糊的记忆 典例 1) I have to ring off now because my friend is waiting for me. 我朋友在等我
9、，我得挂电话了。2) On arriving at the airport, he rang up his mother to say everything was ok. 一到达机场，他就打电话给 他母亲报平安。3. turn around 转向 典例 1) He heard a voice but when he turned around, he saw nobody. 他听到声音，但转身却没发现有人。2) As he walked towards the hotel, he suddenly turned around and found an old lady following h
10、im. 当他 朝旅馆走去时，突然转身发现一个老妇人跟着他。 短语归纳turn away 把 (脸 )转过去turn against 背叛 ,反抗turn on/off 打开/关掉turn up 出现 /调大(音量)turn down 拒绝,调小(音量)turn out 结果是;证明是4. leave alone 打扰 短语归纳leave behind 留下,遗留leave aside(把某事)搁置一边leave for 出发前往leave out 省去 ,遗漏,不考虑 典例 1) Leave him alone and he will produce. 别打扰他，他会写出来的。2) He wa
11、s asked to leave for another city in 24 hours. 他被要求24 小时内离开到另一个城市去。3) The teacher required us to leave out some unnecessary words in our essays. 老师让我们将论文中不必 要的词语省去。4) You shouldn ' t have left Andy alone in the mountains; it was very danger。的不该?各 Andy 留在山上， 因为那非常危险。5. set aside将放在一边；节省或保留(时间，金钱)
12、 短语归纳set down 写下 ,记下set off 开始动身(for a place)set up 创立，建立，搭起set out 出发，着手做某事(to do sth.)set about doing着手做，开始做 典例 1) Would you please set aside some time to listen to my real idea? 你可以腾出点时间听听我的想法吗?2) The department set aside the things they were doing and concentrated on a more urgent task. 这个部门的成员放
13、下手头的事情,全力以赴一项更紧急的任务。6. be bound to 一定做 典例 1) We missed the bus. We're bound to be late. 我们错过了那趟车，我们肯定要迟到了。2) She's bound to be mayor. 她注定会成为市长。三 . 重点句子1. Claire didn t want the robot in her house, especially as her husband would be absent for three weeks, but Larry persuaded her that the rob
14、ot wouldn t harm her or allow her to be harmed.克莱尔并不想把机器人留在家里，特别是在她丈夫离加三周的这个期间。但是，克莱尔被拉里说服了。他说，机器人不会伤害她，也不会让别人来伤害她。 解释 to be harmed: 动词不定式的被动语态。 典例1) All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as to be received in time for Christmas. 所有的这些礼物必须及时邮寄，以便在圣诞节及时收到。2) It remains to be seen whether Jim&#
15、39; ll be fit enough to play in ihefMS是否适合演出仍将拭目以待。2. As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern. 当他转过身时，(她发现)Gladys 站在那儿。 解释 there stood Gladys Claffern 倒装句。在谓语为动词go, come, run, stand, live 等表示位置转移的动词及 be 动词的句子中,为了强调句子中一些副词there, here, up, down, in, out, away 等，可将副词置于句首，若这时主语是名词，句子用全倒装；若是代词，
16、则不用倒装。 典例 1) There comes the teacher and her students. 老师和她的学生们来了。2) Out rushed the boys. 男孩们冲了出去。3. Asimov began having stories published in science fiction magazines in 1939. 1939 年，阿西莫夫开始在 科幻杂志上发表文章。 解释 have sth. done 表示 “请某人做某事”，或 “遭遇到某事”( 宾语与宾补为被动关系)have sb. do让某人做 have sb./sth. doing 让不停地做 典例
17、1） We had our photo taken by a passer-by. 我们请了个过路人给我们照相。4/ 82） Be careful. It ' s easy to have your pocket picked in a crowd likeJthis点,在这样的人群中容易被 偷。3） The coach has us doing the same thing all day. It教练让我彳由！borin第样的事情，真乏味4） As you have never been there before, I' ll have someone showyoU卿e 前
18、御去过， 那我找人带你去。典型例题：1. （2014 湖南高考 ）Childre n, when by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.A. To be accompanied B. to accompany C. accompanying D. Accompanied答案：D解析：此句考查非谓语动词的用法，因为children和accompany之间是被动关系，所以应该用过去分词。2. （2015 河北衡水中学高二下 ）A smile of appeared on her face when she was told that
19、her child behaved well at school.A. satisfactionB. inspirationC. regulationD. tension答案：A解析：此题考查名词辨析，A为“满意”，B为“灵感”，C为“规则”，D为“紧张”，根据句意，答 案应为Ao3. （2015 陕师大附中高二下 ）-What about inviting Mary to our party?-You' d better not. She prepared to be, so far as I know.A. tested outB. rung upC. left aloneD. t
20、urned out答案：B 解析：此题考查词组辨析，A为“考验出”，B为“打电话”，C为“不管”，D为“结果是"，根据句 意答案应为Bo4. （2015 东北师大附中高二下）To improve her spoken English, she would half an hour practising reading aloud every day.A. leave outB. take upC. set asideD. focus on答案：C解析：此题考查词组辨析，A为“泄漏”，B为“从事”，C为“留出”，D为“集中精力在.”，根 据句意答案应为Co5. （2015 甘肃兰4W中
21、 ）You have worked so hard -you ' re to pass the exam.A. boundB. addictedC. accustomedD. devoted答案：A解析：此题考查词组辨析，A为“一定”，B为“沉迷”，C为“适应于”，D为“投身于”，根据句意答案应为Ao练习：基础演练一.根据句子结构，用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1) We had a meal together last Sunday. All the guests are very. (satisfaction)2) I was sleeping soundly in the ear
22、ly morning when a telephone me awake. I was even tohear the news that another bombing had hit London. (alarm)3) What the women most was that when they were talking about the new about the girl,she became so that she ran away as soon as she heard this. (embarrass)4) The newly -elected president his s
23、upport for the terrorists. He must be responsible for his. (declare)5) He to his friends why he was late but none of them thought his believable. (explain)keys: 1. satisfying; satisfied 2. alarmed; alarmed; alarming 3. embarrassed; embarrassing; embarrassed 4. declared; declaration 5. explained; exp
24、lanation巩固提高二.根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法 ：A robot used for housework was tested 1 in a family. He looked like a tall and handsome man with smooth black hair, 2 (speak) in a deep voice. Larry was going to be away from home so he hired such a robot to 3(陪伴)his wife Claire. Claire didn' t like the
25、idea at the beginning,4)ut stoet atlast. At the first sight of Tony, Claire felt embarrassed. 5(渐渐地),Tony began to win Claire' s trust.He helped Claire realize her dreams 6 making her home elegant, giving her a new haircut, changing the makeup she wore and giving her advice on her dresses. There
26、fore at the party all she guests 7 were invited were filled with admiration 8 they saw her house was completely changed. 9 the test, the company was satisfied with Tony' seport because he had successfully made a woman regain her confidence 10 fall in love with him.Key: 1. out 2. speaking 3. acco
27、mpany 4. agreed 5. Gradually 6. by 7. who 8. when 9. After 10. and检测题：一.用方框里的词填空。test out is bound to rang up set aside turn around in all leave.alone out of envy1. those cakes. They're for the guests.2. The Ferrari team wanted to their new car on the racetrack.3. We Henry but got no reply.4. an
28、d let me look at your back.5. We have 13 subjects to learn.6. I warned them not to do it , but my objection was.7. He come for he always keeps his word.8. They only say such unkind thing about youKey: 1. Leave; alone 2. test; out 3. rang up 4. Turn around 5. in all 6. set aside 7. is bound to8.out o
29、f envy二.单词拼写1. She asked me to a her to the supermarket.2. She has got a well-paid job. I really e her.3. We are all in f of his view that we should communication more with our children.4. Much to our s , we will have a three -day holiday to Shanghai.5. She never expressed any swhen I was injured.6.
30、 No one is permitted to leave the roomuntil the chairman d theend of theconference.7. You are b tofail if you keep on working like this.Key: 1. accompany 2. envy 3. favor4. satisfaction 5. sympathy6. declare7.bound三.阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。词数:335完成时间：7分钟难度：*A bad Working Memory
31、 （ 大月百的工作记忆） -the brain's temporary storage box - may explain, new research suggests, why one child cannot read his or her history book and another gets lost in math. As many as 10 percent of school -age children may suffer from poor working memory. British researchers said in a report last week
32、, yet the problem is rarely identified."You can think of working memory as a pure measure of your child's potential. Many psychologists consider working memory to be the new IQ （ 智商）,because we find that working memory is one of the most important predictors （预示物）of learning ability,' s
33、aid Dr. Tracey Alloway of Britain'DurhamUniversity.Many children with poor working memory are considered lazy or dull. Working memory allows people to hold in their minds and deal with a few items, such as telephone numbers, over a short period of time. Alloway compares working memory to a box.
34、For adults, the basic box size is thought to be three to five items. It's important, therefore, to put in the right things. Irrelevant （不相关的）information will clutter working memory.The question many researchers are struggling with is how to help children with this problem, which appears to be cl
35、osely, related to a lack of attention."In children with learning difficulties, it becomes a huge issue, especially around middle school, when the demands on working memory really grow," said Dr. Mel Levine, co -founder of All Kinds of Minds, a nonprofit organization in North Carolina that
36、studies learning difficulties.Memory training may help improve working memory. Alloway has a tool that allows teachers to assess （评定）the working -memory capacity of children as young as 4; it has been used in 35 schools across Britain.Levine ' s organization trains teachers through a program cal
37、led Schools Attuned, which is working with several thousand schools across the United States, Canada and Europe. While he is not sure working memory can be expanded, Levine said children can be taught ways to do better in school.1. Which of the following is a characteristic of working memory?A. It h
38、as a limited capacity.7 / 8B. It is usually better in children than adults.C. It improves with use.D. It can cause a lack of attention.2. According to the new research, .A. the importance of working memory has been long recognizedB. working memory is becoming recognized as a factor in intelligenceC.
39、 laziness can weaken working memoryD. working memory helps people remember things forever3. What does the underlined word "clutter" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Change. B. Improve. C. Strengthen. D. Confuse.4. Which of the following may help improve a child' s working memory?A. Expa
40、nding the brain' s storage box.B. Training the memory.C. Remembering more things.D. Being reminded frequently.5. According to the passage, Dr. Mel Levine has .A. invented tools to help improve a child's working memoryB. founded an organization to train teachers to help students with this problemC. identified the problem clearlyD. compared working memory to a boxKey: ABDBB8/ 8