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1、初中英语语法：宾语补足语之阳早格格创做 一、宾语补足语的观念某些及物动词汇的宾语后里还需要有一个补足语，意义才完备，宾语战它的补足语形成复合宾语.而复合宾语的第一部分常常由名词汇或者代词汇充当，第两部分表示第一部分的名词汇或者代词汇收由的动做或者身份、特性等，称为宾语补足语.句子结构是：主+谓+宾+宾补I'm going to paint it pink.句子中的it隐然莫宾语.主语将要搞的本去不是it,而是paint it pink.pink是句子中的宾语补足语 .它战宾语之间是 逻辑上的主谓闭系，也便是道从逻辑上去道，是真止了 paint的动做.两、宾语补足语取单宾语的辨别宾语补足
2、语是用去补充道明宾语的，单宾语是共等职 位的宾语，两者正在真量上是分歧的.1、比圆 pass me the book中，me是间交宾语，指人， 也是近宾语；the book是曲交宾语，指物，也是近宾语.又如：They gave him a watch.那 里 的 him 是 间交宾 语，a watch是曲交宾语，那种间交宾语战曲交宾语共时由现 的情况喊单宾语.时常使用宾语：时常使用的能交单宾语的及物动词汇有give, teach, buy, lend, find, hand, leave, sell, show, read 等.2、正在英语中有些及物动词汇，交了宾语意义仍不完 备，还需要有一个
3、其余的句子身分去补充道明宾语的意 义、状态等，称为宾语补足语，简称宾补.比圆道： I heard Jeansinging this morning. 句子中的 Jean 隐 然是宾语.然而是主语I听到的本去不是Jean,而是 Jean singing.singing是句子中的宾语未卜足语 .它战宾语之间是 逻辑上的主谓闭系，也便是道从逻辑上去道，是 Jean真止 了 singing 的动做.句子中的 singing 是当前分词汇搞宾语补 足语.三、宾语补足语的百般形式不妨充当宾补的另有宾语补足语的大概有：大概式，当前分词汇，往日分词汇，形容词汇，副词汇，介宾短语 等.普遍情况下，宾补常常紧跟正
4、在宾语之后.比圆：I find learning English difficult .（difficult 是形容词汇搞宾 补）I saw the kite up and down. （ up and down 是副词?匚搞宾 补）Tom made the girl cry. （cry是简略大概式标记 to的动词 汇大概式）1、名词汇或者代词汇宾格+名词汇They named the baby Jim.We call him Tom.2、名词汇或者代词汇宾格+形容词汇They painted the wall white.I always find her happy and gay（舒畅）
5、.3、名词汇或者代词汇宾格+介宾短语People praised （歌颂）him as a national hero.The next morning I found him at his machine again. 4、名词汇或者代词汇宾格 +动词汇大概式We asked the teacher to explain the difficult sentences again.The teacher helped him （to）see his error（过失）. 5、名词汇或者代词汇宾格十分词汇（当前分词汇或者往日分词汇）I heard somebody knocking at th
6、e door.He had his ankle sprained while playing football. 他踢足球 时把足踝扭伤.?请思索：为什么第一句用的是当前分词汇而第两句用的是往日分词汇呢？四、什么动词汇后可有宾语补足语：1、正在表示情绪状态的动词汇后做宾语补足语.那 类 动 词 汇 有： consider, think, believe, discover, find, imagine, judge, suppose, prove等.那类动词汇后的大概式常常是 "to be+形容词汇或 者名t汇”结构，think, consider, find 后的 to be 常可
7、简略 .We consider him （to be） a good teacher.咱们认为他是一个佳教授.He proved that theory （to be） very important . 他道明HE个表 里是很要害的.I thought her （to be） nice and honest the first time I met her .尔第一次睹到她的时间便认为她人很佳，很诚真 2、正在表示情感状态的动词汇后做宾语补足语.类动词?匚有：love, like, prefer, hate, want, wish, expect等.I'd prefer you to
8、leave him alone.尔期视您不要挨扰他 . 3、注意：hope, demand, suggest等动词汇后里不克不迭 交大概式做宾语补足语.I hope you can give me a hand.（宾从）尔期视您能助尔一把.I wish you to give me a hand. 尔期视您能助尔一把.Mr. Li suggested that she should not go there alone. （ 宾从）李先死修议她不要独自去何处.He required us to be present at the meeting.他央供咱们由席聚会.大概式做宾语补足语的情况：1
9、 .常交戴to的动词汇大概式做宾语补足语的动词汇有：ask,tell, want, teach, wish 等；2 .交不戴to的动词汇大概式做宾语补足语的动词汇有：see,watch, hear, make, let advise, allow, ask, beg, command, tell, invite, force, oblige, get, help, encourage, persuade, permit, remind, request, order, warn, cause 等.如：She often asks meto help her.We don't allow
10、 such thingsto happen again.Most of the parents agree to forbid their children to smoke. I often see him play football. （to 简略了）3 .用大概式做宾语补足语的几种道明：help后里做宾语补足语的动词汇大概式不妨戴to也不妨不戴to.如：I often help my mother（to） do some housework.正在使役动词汇后做宾语补足语，大概式不戴to.那些动词汇有：一感两听三让四瞅瞅 .一感：feel两听：hear, listen to 三让：let,
11、 have, make 四瞅瞅： observe, see, watch, look at .那类动词汇另有： make, let, have等.转为主动语态时，其后常常皆用戴to的大概式（have不主动语态）.What would you have medo? 您要尔搞什么？She madehjmgive up smoking.她让他戒了烟 .Let himdo whatever he wishes to do.他念搞什么便让他搞 吧.Though he had often made his little sister cry, today he was made to cry by his
12、 little sister.（形成丰动语态要把，to 力口卜）虽然时常是他弄哭小妹妹，然而即日他却被小妹妹弄哭了分词汇做宾语补足语用当前分词汇做宾补，道明宾语是动做的收生者，产 死逻辑上的 主谓闭系；用往日分词汇做宾补，表示宾语是 动做的启受者，形成逻辑上的动宾闭系.1 .跟分词汇做宾补的动词汇有：catch, have get, keep, hear,find, feel, leave, make, want, start, notice, observe, watch, set 等. 比圆：There was so much noise that the speaker couldn &
13、#39; Make himself heard.由于格中喧华，道话人由法让人听到他的声音.When he awoke, he found himself being looked after by an old woman.他醉去的时间创造一位老大娘正正在照应他.2 .几种用往日分词汇做宾语补足语的情况道明：表示意欲；下令”的动词汇如like, want, wish, order等，可用往日分词汇做宾语补足语.The father wants his daughter taught the piano.那位女亲念 让女女教钢琴.感官动词?匚 see, hear, notice, observe
14、, watch, feel,等后，可 用往日分词汇做宾语补足语.比圆：I saw an 01d manknocked down by a car just now.刚刚才尔瞅到一位老人被 车碰倒了 .使役动词汇 have, get, make, leave, keep等后，可用往日分词汇做宾语补足语.比圆：Have you got your films developed?您拿胶卷去清洗了不？掌握 使役动词汇have +宾语+往日分词汇”的几种含意正在“have +宾语+往日分词汇 ”结构中，往日分词汇 做宾语补足语，have也可用get ,那一结构具备以下几种含意为 主语请他人搞某事”比圆：He wants to have his eyesexamined tomorrow. 他来日诰日念 去查看眼睛.（查看”的动做由医死去举止）意为 主语遭逢、遭受某一不舒畅、不料的事务”比圆：Be careful, or you'll have your handshurt.当心，可贝U会弄伤 脚的.意为使完毕某事:事务既不妨是他人搞完，也不妨由主 语介进完毕.He had the walls painted this morning.他今早把墙漆了 .（主语自己大概介进）