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1、人教版八年级下册语文第五单元测试题及答案人教版八年级下册语文第五单元测试题及答案 温州育英国际实验学校初中分校 八(下)语文 第五单元过关测评 (满分100分 考试时间:90分钟) 命题人:杨青霞 校对:徐财平 姓名:_ 班级:_ 得分:_ _ 一、基础知识积累及运用(19分) 1.下面加点字注音完全正确的一项是( )(2分) A. 皲裂(jn) 横柯(k) 骈死(bng) B. 吝情(ln ) 绮绣(q ) 黔娄(qin) C. 沃灌(w) 衔觞(shng) 戾(h)天 D. 媵人(tng) 缥(pio)碧 寥落(lio) 2. 指出下边句子朗读节奏划分有误的一项是( )(,分) A. 蝉则
2、/千转不穷，猿则/百叫无绝。 B. 从/乡之先达/执经叩问。 C. 食马者/不知其能千里/而食也。 D. 沉舟/侧畔/千帆/过，病树/前头/万木/春。 3. 仿照例句续写一个句子。(2分) 例:生命就是龚自珍“落红不是无情物，化作春泥更护花”的献身精神;生命就是文天祥“生自古谁无死，留取丹心照汗青”的浩然正气; 。 4. 水浒传中，有一位侠肝义胆的英雄，为历代读者所喜爱。为了“打开危险路”，“杀尽不平人”他可以全然不顾什么朝廷法度，佛门清规，更把个人安危置之度外。他就是 ，绰号 。无独有偶，三国演义中也有一位这样的人物，长坂坡桥头一声大吼，百万大军魂飞魄散，他就是 。(3分) 5(名句积累(1
3、0分) (1)_，干戈寥落四周星。过零丁洋 (2)千里马常有，_。马说 (3)赤壁中诗人接起兴来对前朝人物和事迹慨叹的诗句: ， 。 (4)酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠中现在用来比喻新事物必将代替旧事物的客观规律的句子是: ， 。 (5)山坡羊潼关怀古中的主旨句:_;_。 (6)水调歌头中表现作者感悟人生哲理的词句是: ， 。 二、阅读理解(51分) (一)与朱元思书(12分) 吴均 风烟俱净，天山共色。从流飘荡，任意东西。自富阳至桐庐一百许里，奇山异水，天下独绝。www. 水皆缥碧，千丈见底。游鱼细石，直视无碍。急湍甚箭，猛浪若奔。 夹岸高山，皆生寒树，负势竞上，互相轩邈，争高直指，千百成峰。泉水
4、激石，泠泠作响;好鸟相鸣，嘤嘤成韵。蝉则千转不穷，猿则百叫无绝。鸢飞戾天者，望峰息心;经纶世务者，窥谷忘反。横柯上蔽，在昼犹昏;疏条交映，有时见日。 6(解释下列加点的词语。(2分) (1)一百许里( ) (2)横柯上蔽( ) 7(下面句中含有通假字的一项是( )(2分) A(千丈见底 B(有时见日 C(窥谷忘反 D(泠泠作响 8(将下列句子翻译成现代汉语。(2分) 泉水激石，泠泠作响;好鸟相鸣，嘤嘤成韵。 9(作者描绘富春江山水的奇丽多姿，极有层次。第一段总写富春江山水之美，概括为“_，_”八个字;第二段承“异水”二字，抓住“_”和“_”的特点，具体生动地描绘;第三段承“奇山”二字，多层次多
5、角度展示富春江两岸群山之美。 (4分) 10.作者在欣赏了奇山秀水后发出了怎样的感慨,(2分) (二)五柳先生传(14分) 先生不知何许人也，亦不详其姓字，宅边有五柳树，因以为号焉。闲静少言，不慕荣利。好读书，不求甚解;每有会意，便欣然忘食。性嗜酒，家贫不能常得。亲旧知其如此，或置酒 而招之;造饮辄尽，期在必醉。既醉而退，曾不吝情去留。环堵萧然，不蔽风日; ， ，晏如也。常著文章自娱，颇示己志。忘怀得失，从此自终。 赞曰:黔娄之妻有言:“不戚戚于贫贱，不汲汲于富贵。”其言兹若人之俦乎,衔觞赋诗，以乐其志。无怀氏之民欤,葛天氏之民欤, 11.补充课文所缺的语句: ， ，晏如也。(2分) 12.解
6、释下列加点词。(4分) (,)先生不知何许人也 ( ) (,)每有会意 ( ) (,)造饮辄尽 ( ) (4)晏如也 ( ) 13.用现代汉语翻译下面的句子。(4分) (,)每有会意，便欣然忘食。 (,)不戚戚于贫贱，不汲汲于富贵。 14.用文中的语句回答问题。(4分) (,)五柳先生的读书态度与方法是: (,)五柳先生的居室环境怎样: (三)送东阳马生序(17分) 余幼时即嗜学。家贫，无从致书以观，每假借于藏书之家，手自笔录，计日以还。天大寒，砚冰坚，手指不可屈伸，弗之怠。录毕，走送之，不敢稍逾约。以是人多以书假余，余因得遍观群书。既加冠，益慕圣贤之道。又患无硕师名人与游，尝趋百里外,从乡之
7、先达执经叩问。先达德隆望尊，门人弟子填其室，未尝稍降辞色。余立侍左右，援疑质理，俯身倾耳以请;或遇其叱咄，色愈恭，礼愈至，不敢出一言以复;俟其欣悦，则又请焉。故余虽愚，卒获有所闻。 当余之从师也，负箧曳屣行深山巨谷中，穷冬烈风，大雪深数尺，足肤皲裂而不知。至舍，四支僵劲不能动，媵人持汤沃灌，以衾拥覆，久而乃和。寓逆旅,主人日再食，无鲜肥滋味之享。同舍生皆被绮绣，戴朱缨宝饰之帽，腰白玉之环，左佩刀，右备容臭，烨然若神人;余则缊袍敝衣处其间，略无慕艳意，以中有足乐者，不知口体之奉不若人也。盖余之勤且艰若此。 15.解释文中加点的词语 (4分) ? 无从致书以观 ( ) ?援疑质理 ( ) ? 烨然
8、若神人 ( ) ?色愈恭，礼愈至 ( ) 16.翻译句子为现代汉语。(4分) (1)以中有足乐者，不知口体之奉不若人也。 (2)余则缊袍敝衣处其间，略无慕艳意。 17.“故余虽愚，卒获有所闻”的原因是什么,(2分) 18.宋濂之所以成功，除了他“嗜学”“遍观群书”“执经叩问”等因素外，更重要的原因是什么,(用文中的语句回答)(2分) 19.作者从哪几方面谈自己刻苦学习经历的,(2分) 20.作者在求学过程中付出了无比的艰辛，其中最让你感动的地方是什么,试结合今天学习环境，谈谈你的体会。(3分) (四)李贺作诗(8分) 李贺七岁能辞章，韩愈、皇甫湜?始闻未信，过其家，使贺赋诗，援笔辄就如素构?，
9、自名曰高轩过，二人大惊，自是有名。 每旦日出，骑弱马，从小奚奴?，背古锦囊，遇所得，书投囊中。未始先立题然后为诗，如他人牵合?程课?者，及暮归，足成之。非大醉、吊丧日率如此。过亦不甚者。母使婢探囊中，见所书多，即怒曰:“是儿要呕心乃已耳” 注释?皇甫湜(sh):当时著名文人。?素构:早就构思好的。?小奚奴:带着小童仆。?牵合:牵强符合。?程课:固定的格式。 21.解释下面加点的词语。(2分) (1)始闻未信( ) (2)非大醉、吊丧日率如此( ) 22.李贺对于作诗的态度是什么,(2分) 23.李贺的母亲得知李贺写了很多诗的时候为什么发怒,(2分) 24.读完“李贺作诗”这个故事后，你从中受到
10、什么启示,(2分) 三、写作(30分) 读下面的文字，自选角度、自拟题目，写一篇作文。 只有经过劳作，经过奋斗得来的快乐，才是真正快乐的，而且快乐常常不是等到艰苦之后，而是在艰苦之中。 谢觉哉 作文要求: (1)选择你最擅长的文体，结合你最熟悉地生活，抒发你最真挚的情感。 (2)认真书写，力求工整、美观。 (3)不少于600字。 (英文版 ) Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the imp
11、lementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Part
12、y members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line . Here, the main from four square
13、face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party re
14、gulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. and revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and lea
15、ding cadres honest politics several guidelines and column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors
16、, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the partys leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the and , reflects the partys 18 and the eighth session of the third
17、, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the partys eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of in based on revised, th
18、e promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, eig
19、ht prohibition, 52 are not allowed to hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, discipli
20、nary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to clean the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. is in 1997 based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and imple
21、mentation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal
22、 law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the ma
23、in discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to and the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority o
24、f Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plena
25、ry Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standin
26、g Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the
27、 province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party memb
28、ers. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and comm
29、issions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In
30、 October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say,
31、two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, and revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the partys eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and
32、General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised and , highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent and . Main principle is: first, adh
33、ere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that no rules, no side round
34、. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow
35、 the general rules, but also the general rules. the revision of the and is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution
36、and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue de, mainly refers to the partys ideals and beliefs, e
37、xcellent traditional style. The revised the closely linked to the self-discipline, insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the vital few, emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revi
38、sed Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a negative list, emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and d
39、iscipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to
40、 make clearly defined, especially the partys eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the des
41、ignated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the and modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the pres
42、ent stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 comm
43、on requirements. One is closely linked to the self-discipline, removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, eight prohibition 52 are not allowed to about the content of the negative list moved into synchronization amendment . Three is for all the
44、 party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requ
45、irements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all membe
46、rs of the party and the National Peoples solemn commitment. criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the , a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as four must eight code. Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as four must th