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1、人教版新目标八年级英语上册1、2、3、4单元知识点总结新目标八年级英语上册第一单元 Unit 1.How often do you exercise? I. 重点短语归纳: on weekends 在周末1. go to the movies 去看电影 2. look after=take care of 照顾、照看 3. surf the internet 上网 4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式 5. go skateboarding 去滑滑板 watch TV看电视 6. keep healthy=stay healthy = keep in good health
2、 保持健康 keep + 形容词 表保持某种状态 do some reading 阅读 7. exercise= take/do (much) exercise=do sports锻炼 8. eating habits 饮食习惯 9. take more exercise 做更多的运动 10. the same as 与什么相同 11. once a month一月一次 12. be different from 不同 13. twice a week一周两次.three times a week一周三次 14. make a difference to 对什么有影响 As teachers,
3、 you must believe that you can make a difference to the lives of your students. 身为教师你们必须坚信你们能够影响学生的一生。 A false step will make a great difference to my future. 错走一步对我的前程来说会产生很大影响。 15. how often 多久一次询问动作发生的频率 一般用once a week twice a month ,every day ,sometimes等回答。 How long “多久多长时间”对一段时间提问用“ for+一段时间”作答
4、 How soon “多久以后”“in+一段时间”作答。 How far “多远”询问距离。 how many times 多少次 用来提问做某事的次数 16. although=though虽然 Although he is old, he is quite strong. (He is old, but he is quite strong.) 句子中有although或though就不可再用but但可用yet或still“仍然还”,有because就不能再用so. 17. most of the students=most students大多数学生 18. shop=go shoppi
5、ng=do some shopping 购物 19. as for至于 20. activity survey活动调查 1 21. do homework做家庭作业 22. do house work做家务事 23. eat less meat吃更少的肉 24. junk food垃圾食物 25. be good for 对什么有益 be good to 对.友好后加人的代词或名词。 be good at =do well in “擅长善于” 后加代词、动名词。 26. be bad for对什么有害 27. want to do sth 想做某事 28. want sb to do sth想
6、某人做某事 want sb not to do sth不想某人做某事 Want是及物动词可加名词或动词不定式。 I want to speak good English.(我想说一口流利的英语, 29. try to do sth 尽量做某事 Try ones to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事 Try doing sth 试着做某事 Try 做动词意为“试图、设法、努力”后加名词、动名词、动词不定式做宾语 30. come home from school放学回家 31. of course=certainly=sure当然 32. get good grades取得好成绩 33. s
7、ome advice 一些建议 some advice 中的 advice 是不可数名词 a piece of advice 一则建议 give advice 提出建议 take ones advice 采纳或听从某人的建议 34. help sb to do sth帮助某人做某事=help sb with sth 35. a lot of vegetables=many vegetables许多蔬菜 a lot of=lots of 36. hardly= almost not几乎不 hardly ever很少几乎不从不 37. keep/be in good health保持健康 38.
8、your favorite program你最喜欢的节目 39. Animal World 动物世界 40. play soccer踢足球 41.every day 每天 every day 与 everyday 1. every day 为“每一天”。如: We go to school at 7:10 every day. 我们每天7:10去上学。 I decide to read English every day. 我决定每天读英语。 2. everyday 为“日常的”。 She watches everyday English on TV after dinner. 她晚饭后在电视
9、上看日常英语。 2 Whats your everyday activity? 你的日常活动是什么, 42.once or twice a week 每周一两次 43. three or four times a week 每周三四次 44. at Green High School 在格林高中 45. all students 所有的学生 46. most students 大多数学生 47. some students 一些学生 48. no students 没有学生 49.the result of a survey 调查结果 50.the result for “watch TV”“
10、看电视”的调查结果 51. improve your English 提高你的英语 52. drink milk 喝牛奶 53. pretty healthy 相当健康 pretty adv. 相当非常 Pretty,用作副词时, =rather=very=quite 非常相当 54. kind of = a little 有点 I think Im kind of unhealthy. 我想我有点不健康。 二. 重点句子: 1.How often do you exercise? 你,你们,多久锻炼一次身体, How often + 助动词do(does或did) + 主语 + do sth
11、.? 疑问词how often是问频率(多久一次),在这里助动词do(does或did) 是起帮助构成疑问的作用,与一般现在时或一般过去时连用回答一般是用表示频率的副词如:once, twice, three times, sometimes, often, quite, often, never, every day,once a week , twice a month , three times a month , three or four times a month等。 How often do you go to the factory? Twice a week.你们多久到工厂去
12、一次, 每星期两次。 2“What do you usually do on weekends?” “ I usually play soccer.” “周末你通常做什么,”“我通常踢足球。” 第一个do为助动词, 在这起帮助构成疑问的作用,而第二个do则是实义动词。 翻译:What do you usually do on weekends? I often go to the movies. What does she usually do on weekends? She sometimes go hiking. 3. “Whats your favorite program?” “It
13、s Animal World.” “你最喜欢什么节目,”“动物世界。” 4. As for homework , most students do homework every day . as for.意思是“至于,关于”常用于句首作状语其后跟名词、代词或动词的-ing形式,即动名词,。如: As for himI never want to see him here. 至于他我永远不希望在这里见到。 As for the storyyoud better not believe it. 关于那故事你最好不要相信。 至于我自己我现在不想去。As for myself, I dont want
14、 to go now. 至于那个人我什么都不知道。As for the man, I know nothing about him. 5. Mom wants me to get up at 6:00 and play ping-pong with her . 3 want to do sth. 意思是“想要做某事”, want sb. to do sth.意思是“想要某人做某事”。如: Do you want to go to the movies with me,你想和我一起去看电影吗, The teacher doesnt want us to eat hamburgers.老师不想让我
15、们吃汉堡包。 有很多动词后面用这种结构做动词的复合宾语 ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事 tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人去做某事 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 6. She says its good for my health. be good for.表示“对有益,有好处,”;其反义为:be bad for.。,这里for 是 介词后跟名词、代词或动名词,如: Its good for us to do more reading. 多读书对我们有好处。 Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.
16、在床上读书对你的眼睛有害。 7. How many hours do you sleep every night? 8. I exercise every day , usually when I come home from school . 9. My eating habits are pretty good . 这里pretty相当于very 。 10.I try to eat a lot of vegetables , usually ten to eleven times aweek . try to do sth.表示“ 尽力做某事 ” 不包含是否成功的意思而try doing
17、sth.表示“,用某一办法,试着去做某事”。如: Youd better try doing the experiment in another way. 你最好试试用另一种方法做这个试验。 11. My healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades. help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事 12. Good food and exercise help me to study better. 这里better是well的比较级而不是good的比较级 13.Is her lifestyle the same as yours or dif
18、ferent? ,Is her lifestyle the same as your lifestyle or is her lifestyle different from yours? be the same as / be different from 14. What sports do you play ? 15. A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health . keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy 16. You must try to eat less mea
19、t . try to do sth.表示“ 尽力做某事 ” ,不包含是否成功的意思,less是little的比较级 17. That sounds interesting. 这是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句。sound,听起来,look,看起来,smell ,闻起来,taste,尝起来,feel,觉得,seem,好象,grow,变得,get 4 ,变得,等词在英语中可用作系动词后跟形容词作表语。如: It tastes good. 这味道好。 The music sounds very sweet. 这音乐听起来很入耳。 The smoke grew heavier and heavie
20、r. 烟雾变得越来越浓了。 m kind of unhealthy. 我想我有点不健康。 18. I think Ikind of = a little a kind of 一种 三(知识结构 1. 注意sometimes与几个形似的词的区别。 ?(1) sometime是副词意为“在某个时候”“某时” Will you come again sometime next week? (2) some time是名词词组意为“一段时间”做时间状语用 I will stay here for some time.我将在这呆一段时间。 (3) some times是名词词组意为“几次几倍” I me
21、t him some times in the street last month. 上个月我在街上遇到他好几次了。 ,4,sometimes 是频度副词意为“有时” He sometimes goes skateboarding on weekends. 他有时周末去滑滑板。 2 time意为“时间”时为不可数名词。 意为“次数倍数”时为可数?名词 What time is it? I go to the movies three times a week. 注意“次数”的表达方法 一次 once 两次 twice三次或三次以上用基数词加上times: three times、five ti
22、mes、one hundred times. 表示“几次”的表达方法是: once a day/ a week/ a month/ a year twice a day/ a week/ a month/ a year 3 same与different ?1.same指“相同的”前面通常要有一个定冠词the但是如果same前面已经有thisthose等词就不能再与the连用了。如: We are in the same class. 我们在同一个班级。 结构:the same as 与.一样 如: His mark is the same as mine. 他的分数和我的分数一样。 2.dif
23、ferent译为“不同的”其后的可数名词应为复数形式。如: We are in different classes. 我们在不同的班级。 结构:be different from 与.不同 如: This sweater is different from that one. 这件毛衣与那一件不同。 different的名词形式为difference, 复数形式为differences。 5 4 hard / hardly ?hard: hard既可作形容词也可作副词。adj. 辛苦的困难的 adv. 努力使劲地 He had a hard (adj.)time in the past. It
24、s a hard (adj.) question. (=difficult) 这是一个难的问题。 The boy studies very hard (adv.). 那男孩学习非常努力 He works hard. 他努力工作。 句子做某事对某人来说是难的。如: 结构:Its hard for sb to do sth Its hard for him to finish the work. 完成那项工作对他来说很难。 注意区分:hard work 困难的工作 work hard 努力工作 hardly是频度副词表示否定的意思。,=almost not,通常用在形容词、副词和动词之前。hard
25、ly: adv. 几乎不简直不 I can hardly see it. 我几乎看不到它。 He hardly works. 他几乎不工作。 It hardly rains here, does it? 5 how often / how long / how soon / how far ?how often: “隔多久一次”指动作的频率答语常用often, never, twice a week等表示频率的副词或短语。,用于一般现在时或一般过去时, How often do you go to the movies? Once a week. / I never go to the mov
26、ies. how long: 1)“,延续,多长时间”回答用for，时间段或since，时间点。,用于各种时态,2) 询问物体的长度。 How long is the Yellow River? How long have you learned English? I have learned it for 5 years. I have learned it since 5 years ago. how soon: “还要多久才多久以后”答语常用“in，时间段”。,用于一般将来时, How soon will she come back? Shell come back in an hour
27、. how far: “多远”询问距离。 Can you tell me how far it is from here to your home? How far is it from your home to our school? Its 2 kilometers away. 人教新目标八年级英语上册 Unit 2 whats the matter? 一(重点短语归纳 1. foot-feet 脚 tooth-teeth 牙齿 2. have a cold =catch a cold =get a cold 感冒 6 3. have a stomachache 胃疼 4. have a
28、sore back背疼 5. have a sore throat喉咙疼 6. have a fever发烧 7. lie down and (have a)rest 躺下休息 have a rest 休息 8. hot tea with honey 加蜜的热茶 9. see a dentist 看牙医 see a doctor 看医生 10.drink lots of water多喝水 11.lots of ,a lot of, a lot a lot of=lots of可以修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词一般用在肯定句中。: There are lots of , a lot of, boo
29、ks in our library. There is a lot of water on the ground a lot,是一个副词词组跟动词连用,表示十分很等意思, Thanks a lot. 12. have a toothache牙疼 13. Thats a good idea好主意 14. go to bed 去睡觉 go to bed early 早上床睡觉 15. feel well感到好 feel ill 感到不舒服 I dont feel well= Im not feeling well 我感觉不舒服. 16. start doing/ to do sth开始做某事 TO
30、 DO 是一件事情完成了开始做另外一件事情 DOING是原来的那件事情做到一半现在又开始做了是同一件事情。 17. two days ago两天前 18. get some rest 多休息, 休息一会儿 19. I think so我认为是这样 20. be thirsty口渴 21. be hungry 饥饿 22. be stressed out紧张 23. listen to music听音乐 24. healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式 25. traditional Chinese doctors传统中医 26. need to do sth 需要做某事 I have
31、a toothache. I need to see a dentist. 我牙痛, 我需要去看牙医. We need to keep our classroom clean. 我们需要保持教室的干净. 27. a balance of yin and yang阴阳平衡 28. for example例如 29. too much yin太多的阴, 阴气太盛 too much + 不可数名词 太多的 much too +形/副 实在太 极其非常 too many + 可数名词复数 太多的 7 30.be good for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有益 对什么有好处 be bad
32、 for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有害 be good to 对好 be good at =do well in 在方面好擅长 be good(bad) for、be good at的相关用法 1.be good for 对.有益 Doing morning exercises is good for your health. 做早操对你们的建康有益。 2.be good at 擅长于. Li Ping is good at basketball. 李平擅长于篮球。 = Li Ping is good at playing basketball. 李平擅长于打篮球。 be go
33、od at = do well in 如: Im good at math. = I do well in math. 我擅长于数学。 3.be good to 对.好 Parents are always good to their children.父母亲总是对他们的孩子好。 31.get good grades 取得好成绩 32.angry 用法 be angry with sb生某人的气 I was angry with him for keeping me waiting.我对他很生气因为他让我等了好久。 be angry at/ about sth 就某事生气 33.Chinese
34、 medicine 中药 34.be popular in + some place 在某地很流行 Chinese medicine is now popular in many western countries. 现在中药在许多西方国家受欢迎。 35.in western countries在西方国家 36.Its easy to do sth做某事是容易的。 Its important to do sth . 做某事很重要。 37.balanced diet平衡饮食 38.get tired 感到疲倦 be/get tired 39.go out at night在晚上出去 When y
35、ou are tired, you shouldnt go out at night. 疲倦时晚上你不该外出 40.stay healthy 保持健康 =keep healthy=keep in good health 41.at the moment此时此刻= now Im not feeling very well at the moment 42.enjoy sth. =like sth. (名词)喜欢某物, enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事=like dong sth enjoy oneself (myself, yourself,herself, himself, them
36、selves, ourselves, itself 反身代词) 玩得高兴过得愉快=have a good time = have a wonderful time =have fun 43. conversation practice会话练习 8 44. host family 寄宿家庭 45. have a lot of headaches经常疼痛 Im tired and I have a lot of headaches. 我很疲劳而且经常头痛。 46. a few + 可数名词复数 少许 形/副 一点 a little + 不可数名词/47.He shouldnt eat anythi
37、ng =He should eat nothing. 他不应当吃任何东西. 48.give sb some advice给某人建议give advice 提出建议advice 是不可数名词 a piece of advice 一则建议 take ones advice 采纳或听从某人的建议 He gave me some good advice. 他向我提了一些很好的意见。 49.sleep 8 hours a night每晚睡眠八小时 50.take medicine 吃药 服药 I have to take medicine three times a day for my cold.因为
38、感冒我不得不一天吃三次药。 51、what,s the matter=what,s wrong=what,s your trouble . what,s the matter后加人称代词宾格用with连接. 二 固定结构 Its +形容词 + for sb. + to do sth. 做某事对某人来说是的。 Its important to do sth .做某事很重要。 Its important for me to eat a balanced diet. 平衡饮食对我来说是很重要的. Its easy to do sth做某事是容易的。 Its easy for us to find o
39、ut the answer. 找出答案对我们来说是容易的 三(重点句子 1.Whats the matter ? Whats the mater with you ? 你怎么啦, =Whats the trouble with you?=Whats wrong with you? I have a cold / have a sore back / have a stomachache 2.Thats too bad. You should / shouldnt 那太糟糕了. 你应该/不该 You should lie down and rest / drink hot tea with ho
40、ney / see a dentist / see a doctor . He shouldnt eat anything = He should eat nothing. 他不应当吃任何东西. 3.Im not felling well . 这里well表示身体状况不能用good代替 I dont feel well= Im not feeling well 我感觉不舒服. 4.When did it start ? About two days ago . 什么时候开始的,大约两天前 9 5.I hope you fell better soon . 我希望你很快好起来 这里better是
41、well的比较级 6.Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy. 传统中医认为我们需要阴阳调和以保持身体健康。 这里 to be healthy是动词不定式短语作目的状语 7.You should eat hot yang foods, like beef. 你应该吃一些像牛肉之类的阳性食物。 8.Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbs is also good for this. 吃党参和黄芪等草本植物也对这有好处。 9.People wh
42、o are too stressed out and angry may have too much yang. 太紧张易怒的人或许吃了太多的阳性食物。too much后跟不可数名词而too many后跟可数名词复数 10.Its easy to have a healthy lifestyle ,and its important to eat abalanced diet . 有一个健康的生活方式很容易饮食平衡是很重要的。 ? Its easy to do sth . 做某事容易 / Its important to do sth . 做某事重要 11.You should rest fo
43、r a few nights. 你应该休息几个晚上 12.I study late every night, sometimes until 2 am, but I dont think Im improving. 我每天晚上学到很晚有时到凌晨2点钟但我认为我没有提高。 13believe in 信任某人强调品质believe sb.相信某人的话 I believe him, but I cant believe in him. 他的话是真的但是我不信任他这个人。 14 .I have a toothache . I need to see a dentist . ? need意思为 “需要”
44、 作实义动词时后跟动词不定式否定式为dont/doesnt / didnt need (to do sth.) ,作情态动词时只能用于否定句或疑问句中否定式为neednt(do sth.) 除有过去式外没有其它的形态变化 四(知识结构 1.情态动词should的用法 ?should是情态动词它的基本用法是必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。情态动词没有人称和数的变化意为应该.。 should,应当应该,用于所有人称表示劝告或建议。 eg. You should wait a little more. 你应该再多等一会儿。 - I have a very bad cold.我感冒很厉害。 - You s
45、hould lie down and have a rest.你应该躺下多喝水。 2maybe与may be ?1.maybe是副词译为“也许、可能”相当于“perhaps”。如: Maybe he can answer the question. 也许他能回答那个问题。 He maybe is from the USA, too. 他可能也来自美国。 2.may be中的may为情态动词译为“可能是.”。如: He may be from the USA, too. 他可能也来自美国。 10 She may be our English teacher. 她可能是我们的英语老师 3too m
46、any,too much与much too ?1.too many意为“太多”用于修饰可数名词的复数。如: There are too many students in our class. 我们班上有太多的学生。 2.too much意为“太多”用于修饰不可数名词。如: We have too much work to do. 我们有太多的工作要做。 3.much too表示“太”用来修饰形容词或副词。如: The box is much too heavy, so I cant carry it. 箱子太重了所以我搬不动它。 4 few、a few、little、a little的区别和联系: ?1.few / a few用来修饰可数名词few表示否定意义没有几乎没有,a few表示有肯定意思 有几个。 例如: He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友他感觉寂寞。 There are a few eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。 2.little / a little用来修饰不可数名词little表示否