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1、2012最新人教版初一英语下册各单元知识点总结Show sb. sth. /show sth. To sb. 展示给某人看 人教版初一英语下册各单元知识点总结 Show time 作秀时间，表演开始 talk show 脱口秀(美国脱口秀节目) Unit 1 Can you play the guitar? Unit 2 What time do you go to school? 一、 单词与词组时间连词:when=while 当时 then 然后 after that 在那之后 Join: 表示“参加，加入”，此处指参加社团或组织，成为其中的成员。 Join the army 参军 joi
2、n the NBA 加入美国篮球协会 at+时间点/sb. do sth. at about +时间点 Join the art/sports/music/English/chess club 参加体育/音乐/英语/象棋俱乐部 for breakfast/lunch/dinner 乐器类+the play the guitar /the violin/the drums/the piano play 非乐器类+ the play soccer/ basketball/volleyball/football/tennis/badminton 睡觉go to bed=go to sleep 睡觉
3、take a tap 午休，小睡一会儿 反:get up 起(英式足球 / 篮球 / 排球 /英式足球，美式橄榄球/网球/羽毛球) 床 Be good at+ sth./doing sth. 擅长做某事 Time 表时间，不可数;表次数，可数。 Be good with 与相处得好 Be good to 对友好=be friendly to Some times 几次 sometimes 有时 some time 一段时间 sometime 某个Be good for 对有好处 Like to do sth.特指某一次的动作;like doing sth. 强调经常性的爱好。两者都表示时候 喜
4、欢做某事，在仅仅表达“喜欢”时两者可以通用。 系动词It tastes/smells/looks/sounds/feels尝起来/闻起来/看起来/听起来/摸起来(含 不要Tell: Tell stories 讲故事 tell sb. sth. /to do sth. /not to do sth.告诉某人某事/被动意味，但不能用被动语态) 做某事 Help: Help sb. to do sth. /help sb. with sth./ help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事 tastes/smells/looks/sounds/feels+like 尝起来/闻起来/看起来/听起来
5、/摸起来像 Help yourself/sb. (to sth.)把某物(尤其是指食物,饮料等)拿给自己/某人 cant help doing sth.情不自禁做某事 eitheror二选一 neithernor 两者都不 Call at 用于打某人的电话 e.g. Call Mr.Brown at 293-7742 连接两个主语时，其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致，即 Home:1. 表示动态概念。意思是“回家”，“到家”。前面不加介词。这里的home 是副词，表示目的地。 就近原则。 e.g. 1)When do you go home every day?你每天什么时候回
6、家, 2)He drives home after work.他下班的开车回家。 3)She often does some shopping on his way e.g. Either you or I am going there tomorrow. 明天要么你去那里，要么我去那里。 home. 她经常在回家途中买些东西。 Neither dad nor mum is at home today. 今天父母都不在家。 2. at home 表示静态概念。意思是“在家”。这里的home是名词，表示具体地点。e.g. 1) Is she at home? 她在家吗,2)He left his
7、 book at home. 他把书放在Here引导的倒装句表位置的副词放在句首时， 如主语是代词，不倒装 ; 表位家里了。 Go home 回家 get home 到家 at home 在家 置的副词放在句首时， 如主语是名词，要用全部倒装。 Also 也，而且;较正式，用于肯定句，紧跟动词。 e.g. I can speak English and I can also speak Chinese. 我能说英文也能说中文。 e.g. Here it is! Here he comes. (代词不倒装) 也 Too 多用于口语，放在句末。 E.g. Me too. Here is your
8、ticket. Here comes the bus. (名词倒装) Either 多用于否定句，放在句末。E.g. He hasnt finished, either. 他也没有完成。 1 关于时间的问法 She talks too much . 她说话太多。 (1)以when提问,“什么时候”可以是较长的时间段，也可以是较短的时间点 much too意思是“过分，太”，隐含了过分而不恰当之意，much too+形容词或?When is your birthday? 你的生日是什么时候, 副词，不+动词。 ?My birthday is Dec. 29th. 我的生日是12月29日。 e.g
9、.The question is much too difficult . 这道题太难了。 这里就是指一天的时间段 Youre walking much too fast . 你走得太快了。 ?When do you go home? 你几点回家, 2.tooto太而不能.e.g. You are never too young to study. ?I go home at 4:30 p.m. 我下午4:30回家. 同: sothat太以至于 e.g.The river runs too quickly for boats.=The river suns too quickly to row
10、 a 这里when问的是具体的时间。 boat. (2)具体几点我们通常用what time提问 =The river runs so quickly that people cant row a boat to across the river. ?What time is it now? 现在几点了, or Whats the time? 几点了, Its 9:26. 现在九点二十六。 Unit 4 Dont eat in class. 一、词组 ?What time is it by your watch? 你手表几点了, school rules 学校规章制度 break the ru
11、les 违反规章制度 make the rules 制定规章. Its 8:36. Oh, Its 50 minutes late 8:36，哦，它慢了50分钟。 in the hallways 在过道 in the music room 在音乐教室里 in the dining hall 在餐厅 ?What time do you get up? 你几点起床, be in bed 在床上 be late for迟到 I get up at 6:00 a.m. 我早上6点起床。 listen to music 听音乐 wash my clothes 洗衣服 make dinner 做饭 hav
12、e to do 不得不做 too many+名词复数; too much +不可数名词“太多” by ten oclock 十点之前 on school nights 上学的晚上 on weekends 在周末 Unit 3 How do you get to school? go to the childrens palace 去少年宫 many students是单指学生数量多，侧重数量 after school 放学后 sports shoes 运动鞋 gym class 体育课 二、句型 many of the students是指学生中很多一部分，强调部分 (1)Dont arriv
13、e late for class. (2)We cant listen to music in the hallways, but we can listen to it outside. too太 (3)-What else do you have to do? - We have to clean the classroom. 1. too much意为“太多”，+不可数名词/+动词。 (4)-Can we wear hats in school? -Yes, we can/ No, we cant. e.g.I had too much housework to do yesterday
14、 . 昨天我有太多的家务活要干。 (5)-Do you have to wear a uniform at school? 2 -Yes, we do /No, we dont. The train pulled in on time. 车准时到站。 (6) What are the rules at your school? (7)重难点精析: Unit 5 Why do you like pandas? 祈使句 一、词组 通常用来表示命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告等语气。它的主语you(听话人)want to do sth .想要做某事 want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事 w
15、ant sth 想要某通常省略。其构成通常有以下几种形式。 物 ,)Be型(即系动词原型be+表语，其他)。如: Let sb do sth 让某人做某事 Be quiet,please. Kind 否定句Dont + be+表语+其他。如: kind of 有几分种类 a kind of 一种 (all) kinds of 各种各样的=various of Dont be angry. like to do sth/like doing sth 喜欢做某事 play with 与.一起玩 ,)Do型(即系动词原形，宾语，其他)。如: during the day 在白天 at night 在
16、夜间 Open you books, please. 二、句型与日常交际用语 否定句Dont +实义动词原形+宾语+其他。如: Dont eat in the classroom. 1、-why do you like pandas?/ -Why dose he like koalas? -Because theyre kind of interesting. ,)Let型(即Let+宾语+动词原形+其他)如: Let me help you. 2、 Why do you want to see the lions? Because theyre Lets go at six oclock.
17、3、-Where are lions from? 否定句一般在宾语后加not。如: -Lions are from South Africa. Let not watch TV. 4、-What (other) animals do you like? ,)No+V-ing型(此种形式通常用于公共场合的提示语中，意为“禁止做某事-I like elephants. “)如: 5. This is a symbol of good luck. 的象征 No smoking! 严禁吸烟 No talking! 不许交谈 6. Have a good memory like an elephant.
18、 形容记忆力好 7 .- How old are you?=Whats your age? Im ten years old./Im ten. No passing! 禁止通行 No parking! 不许停车 8.-Do you like giraffes? -Yes, I do. / No, I dont Must与have to 1.must表主观看法，主观上的必要 have to 表客观需要 make of 与make from “由组成” e.g. My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle o
19、f the night. 我make of 看得出原材料，物理变化;make from 看不出原材料，化学变化。 弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事) e.g. We must save trees and not by things made of ivory(象牙). He said that they must work hard. 他说他们必须努力工作。(主观上要做这件事) The paper is made of wood. 2. have to有人称、数、时态的变化，而must只有一种形式。 The other, others, another, othe
20、r的区别 3. 在否定结构中: dont have to 表示不必;mustnt 表示禁止。 1.other可作形容词或代词，做形容词时，意思是“别的，其他”，泛指“其他的(人或物)”。如: Do you have any other question(s)? 你还有其他问题吗, Ask e.g. You dont have to (neednt没必要) tell him about it. 你不一定要把此事告诉some other people. 问问别人吧 Put it in your other hand. 把它放在你另一只手里。 他。 2.the other指两个人或物中的一个时，只能
21、用the other，不能用another，此时的You mustnt(cant 不能)tell him about it. 你一定不要把这件事告诉他。 other作代词。如: He has two daughters. One is a nurse, the other is a worker. 他有两个女儿，一个是护士，另一个是工人。 the other后可加单数名词，也可加复On time 准时，按时。 In time 及时，迟早 数名词，此时的other作形容词。如: On the other side of the street，there is a tall tree. 在街道的另
22、一边，有一棵大树。 Mary is much taller than the other girls. 玛丽e.g. We were just in time for (to catch ) the bus. 我们及时赶上了公车。 3 3.-Do you want to go to the movies? -Sure. 比其他的女孩高得多。 He lives on the other side of the river. 他住在河的对岸。 4.-When do you want to go? -Lets go at seven. 3.others是other的复数形式，泛指“另外几个”，“其余
23、的”。在句中可作主语、5.-Where do people play basketball? -At school. 宾语。如: Some of us like singing and dancing, others go in for sports. 我们一些人6.-Whats he waiting for? -Hes waiting for a bus. 喜欢唱歌和跳舞，其余的从事体育活动。 Give me some others, please. 请给我别7.-Whats he reading? -Hes reading a newspaper. 的东西吧 There are no ot
24、hers. 没有别的了。 8. Can +do(动词原形) 可以 4.the others意思是“其他东西，其余的人”。特指某一范围内的“其他的(人或e.g.You can see my family at home. 物)”。是the other的复数形式。如: Two boys will go to the zoo, and the others 三、语法现在进行时 will stay at home. 两个男孩将去动物园，其余的留在家里。 the others=the other 复1)现在在进行时的形式:助动词be(am,is,are)+动词-ing形式(也叫现在分词)，数名词，这在第
25、2条中已经有所介绍。 表示现在(说话的瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。 5.another=an other，既可作形容词，也可作代词，只能用于三个或更多的人或物，2)现在进行时的肯定句形式:主语+be(am,is,are)+动词现在分词+其他 泛指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一个”，只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。例:Im watching TV. 如: I dont like this one. Please show me another. 我不喜欢这一个，请给我看看3)现在进行时的否定句形式:主语+be(am,is,are)+not+动词现在分词+其他 另一个。 I have three
26、daughters. One is a nurse, another is a teacher and another is a 例:They are not playing soccer. worker. 我有三个女儿。一个是护士，另一个是教师，还有一个是工人。 4)现在进行时的一般疑问句形式及回答: Is(am,are)+主语+动词现在分词+其他? Lets do sth , lets=let us 让我们做 人称代词用宾格 Lets 之后跟动词原Yes,主语+is/am/are. 形。 No,主语+isnt/arent/am not. Lets see the panda.我们看熊猫吧。
27、 Lets go! 我们走吧 例:Are you reading? Yes,I am. No,I am not. 5) 现在进行时的特殊疑问句形式:特殊疑问词+is/am/are+主语+现在分词+其他? Unit 6 Im watching TV. 例:What is your brother doing? 一、词组 do ones homework 做家庭作业 watch TV 看电视 eat dinner 吃饭;就餐 Unit 7 Its raning! clean the room 打扫房间 talk on the phone 电话聊天 一、词组 thanks for+n/doing为某
28、事感谢某人 go shopping/swimming去购物/游泳 play computer games 打电子游戏 lie on the beach 躺在沙滩上 at the pool 在游泳池 at school 在学校 in the tree 在树上 play beach volleyball 打沙滩排球 in this heat 在酷暑中 read newspaper/a book 看报纸,看书 write a letter 写信 in picture 在图片里 on vacation 度假 on the beach 在海边 go to the movies =go to the ci
29、nema=watch a movie 看电影 take photos 拍照 around the world 世界各地 =all over the world wait for 等待;等候 TV show 电视节目 be surprised at sth./sb.对某人或某人感到惊讶 talk about 谈论e.g. What are you talking about? be relaxed 放松 =feel relaxed have a good time 玩得很痛快 some of中的一些 a photo of my family 我的家庭照 in different kind of
30、weather 在不同的天气里 be with 和一起 with sb 和某人在一起 thank sb for(doing)sth由于某事而感谢某人 in the first/last photo在第一张/最后一张照片 someothers一些另一些 a group of people 一群人 二、句型与日常交际用语 look at sb doing/do sth 看某人正在做某事/做了某事(事情的全过程) 1.-What+be+主语+doing? 正在做什么, everyone后只接人不跟of, 相当于everybody; every one 后跟人或物，可跟of。 -主语，be doing
31、 正在做某事 e.g. Everyone is here. 每个人都在这。 2.-Here are/is例: Every one of the students likes the teacher. 每位学生都很喜欢这个老师。 Here are some of my photos. /Here is a photo of my family. 二、句型,日常交际用语 4 -Yes, there is. No. there isnt (1)-Hows the weather(+地点)? -Its rainy. /Its cold and snowing. 2、Where is ?句型(Eg: (
32、2)-Whats the weather like?-The weather there is very hot. -Where is the park, please? (3)-Hows it going(with sb.)?某人最近怎样。/How was your trip? -Its behind the bank.(肯定回答) -Great. /Not bad./Terrible/Pretty good! (4)Thanks you for joining CCTVs Around the World show! -Im sorry I dont know. (否定回答) (5)-Is
33、 Aunt Wang there? -Yes, she is/No, she isnt 3、Which is the way to +地点? 句型.如: (6) There are many people here on vacation. Which is the way to the library? (7) See you later./See you soon. 之后见/很快见 4、How can I get to +地点?句型.如: (8) My phone isnt working. 我的电话坏了。 How can I get to the restaurant? 5、Can yo
34、u tell me the way to +地点,/Could you please tell me .句型.如: Unit 8 Is there a post office near there? Can you tell me the way to the post office? 一、词组 6、Let me tell you the way to my house. post office 邮局 pay phone 投币式公用电话 next to 在.隔壁 7、Just go straight and turn left. across from 在.对面 in front of 在.前
35、面 betweenand 在.和.之间 三、日常交际用语 on a street 在街上 in the neighborhood 在附近 on the right/left 在右边,在1、Is there a bank near here? Yes, there is .Its on Centre Street. /No, there isnt. 左边 2、Wheres the supermarket? Its next to the library. behind在后面 on Green street 在格林街上 near在附近 3、Bridge Street is a good place
36、 to have fun. go straight 一直走 go down(along)沿着.走 welcome to 欢迎 4、I hope you have a good trip. enjoy+名词/doing喜欢做某事 have fun 过得愉快 5(If you are hungry,you can buy food in the restaurant. on ones right/left 在某人的右边,左边 turn right/left 向右,左转 6、Talk a walk though the park. take a walk 散步 the way to 去.的路 let
37、 sb do sth 让某人做某事 7、I know you are arriving next Sunday. 我知道你下周日要来。 take a taxi 打的,乘出租车 go through.穿过.8、Time goes by./time goes quickly. 时间流逝/时间流逝得飞快 have a good trip 旅途愉快=have a good time. 玩的开心，过得愉快 Unit 9 What dose he look like? arrive at(小地方) /in(大地方)到达 一、词组 at the beginning of 在.开始的时候 at the end
38、 of 在.结束的时候 curly /short/straight/long hair卷,短,直发 of medium height/build中等高度,身hope to do sth/that/for sth 希望做某事 (不可以用hope sb. to do sth.) 体 help sb.to do sth./sb. sth. 帮助某人某事 a little bit+形容词 一点儿 a pop singer 一位流行歌手 in front of 与 in the front of 的区别 be popular with sb 在流行 notany more 不再 in front of就
39、是指在某物的前方;in the front of是指在某物的内部靠前的地方。 good-looking 好看 wear glasses 戴眼镜 have a new look 呈现新面貌 e.g. sit in the front of the classroom. 指坐在教室前排的。 the captain of the basketball team 篮球队队长 Nobody knows me 没有人认识sit in front of the classroom指坐在教室前面 (教室外面的前面)。 我 It cost sb. st. to do sth./some moey sb. spe
40、nd time on sth. /(in) doing sth./sb. spend some money. 花费时间/金钱做二、句型 某事 1)-What does he look like? short. He has short hair./ He is of medium build. -Hes really 二、句型。 2)Do you know I have a new friend in Class Five, 1、Is there a .?句型(Eg: 3)-She has beautiful, long black hair. -Excuse me. Is there a h
41、otel in /near the neighborhood. -I dont think hes so great . 5 true. 6) stop doing(sth)表示停止正在干的事 如: If it doesnt (从句)rain, we will(主句) play basketball. He stop listening-She never stops talking. stop to do (sth)表示停下来去做某事 如: It it 作形式主语。结构:it+be(is/was)+(for sb.)+to do sth. (对某人来说)做He stops to listen
42、. 某事怎么样 7) I can go shopping and nobody knows me. e.g. Its getting more and more popular to have cake on your birthday. 8) -Is he tall or short? Hes of medium height. = It becomes more and more popular that people have cake on their birthday. 9) He has long straight brown hair. 描述顺序:形状大小(long/short)
43、-年龄-颜色-国籍 Unit 11 How was you weekend? Unit 10 Id like some noodles. 一、词组 一、词组 do some reading 阅读 study for the (math) test 准备(数学)考试 would like+ n/to do 想要 have a party/ do some sports 做运动 practice+n/doing 练习 a large/medium/small bowl of 大碗/中碗/小碗 what size 什么尺寸 what aout/ How about+n/doing 做什么怎么样 st
44、ay at home 呆家里 orange juice 桔汁 green tea 绿茶 go to summer camp 去夏令营 go shopping 去购物 what kind of 表示.的种类 a kind of 一种 some kind of 许多种 go to the beach/pool 去沙滩/游泳 go to the mountains 去爬山 a bowl of rice 一碗米饭 a bottle of orange juice 一瓶桔子汁(不可数) last month 上个月 three days ago 三天前 three oranges 三个桔子(可数) so
45、me chicken 一些鸡肉(不可数) yesterday 昨天 the day before yesteday 前天 the day after tomorrow 后天 three chickens 三只小鸡(可数) look for 寻找 look after 照顾，看管 look out (for) 留神，注意 look up 查gongbao chicken 宫爆鸡丁 mapo tofu 麻婆豆腐 找 cut up 切碎 cut down 砍下 cut off 切断 cut out 切掉 go for a walk 散步 二、句型 in the morning/afternoon/e
46、vening 在早上,在下午,在晚上 ,)What kind of would you like? 你想要? on Sunday morning 在某个具体一天的上午、下午用介词on ,)-What size bowl of noodles would you like? play computer games 玩电脑游戏 -I like a small bowl of noodles. spend money/time on sth/(in) doing sth 花费做 ,)We have large ,medium, and small bowls. watch sb do/doing s
47、th 看某人做了某事/正在做某事 ,)I like dumplings, I dont like noodles. 二、句型 三、日常交际用语 ,)I visited my aunt last weekend. ,)-Can I help you?/ What can I do for you?/May I take your order? ,)- How was your weekend? -Id like some noodles. please. -It was great./OK ,)-What kind of noodles would you like? ,)It was time
48、 for sb to do sth. -Id like mutton and potato noodles. Please. 三、日常交际用语 ,)-Would you like a cup of green tea? ,)-What did you do last weekend? -Yes, please. /No, thanks -On Saturday morning,I played teenis. would like后面还可以跟不定式.即: ,)-How was your weekend? A: would like to do sth.想要做某事 He would like to see you today. -It was great.I went to the brach. B:would like sb.to.do.sth.想要某人做某事 What wo