《2019届上海高三英语二模汇编--阅读C篇(解析版).docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2019届上海高三英语二模汇编--阅读C篇(解析版).docx（24页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、2019届高三英语二模汇编阅读C篇1、2019黄浦二模Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have jus
2、t read.(C)Right now, I am looking at a shelf full of relics, a collection of has-beens, old-timers, antiques, fossils . Right now, I am looking at a shelf full of books. Yes, that s right. If you have some spare cash (the going rate is c$89) and you are looking to enhance your reading experience, th
3、en I highly suggest you consider purchasing an e-reader. E-readers are replacing the books of old and I welcome them with open arms (as you should).An e -reader is a device that allows you to read e -books. An e -book is a book -length publication in digital form, consisting of text, images or both,
4、 and produced on, published through and readable on computers or other electronic devices. Sometimes the equivalent of a conventional printed book, e -books can also be born digital. The Oxford Dictionary of English defines the e -book as “ an electronic version of a printed book -books can andut e
5、do exist without any printed equivalent.E-readers put printed books to shame. E -readers are superior to printed books because they save space, are environmentally friendly and provide helpful reading tips and tools that printed books do not.The average e-reader can store thousands of digital books,
6、 providing a genuine library at your fingertips. What is more, the e -reader itself is very small. It is easy to hold and can fit in a pocketbook or briefcase easily. This makes handling wooden giant such as War and Peace and Anna Karenina a breeze. Perhaps the only drawback to the space-saving aspe
7、ct of an e-reader is that it requires you to find new things to put on your shelves.In addition, e -readers are environmentally friendly. The average novel is about 300 pages long. So, if a novelis printed 1000 times, it will use 300,000 pieces of paper. That s a lot of paper! And for the super best
8、s(figures increase dramatically. For example, the Harry Potter book series has sold over 450 million copies. That about 2 million trees! Upon viewing these figures, it is not hard to grasp the severe impact of printed books on the environment. Since e-readers use no trees, they represent a significa
9、nt amount of preservation in terms of the environment and its resources.Finally, e-readers provide helpful reading tips and tools that printed books do not. The typical e -reader allows its user to adjust letter size, letterform and line spacing. It also allows highlighting and electronic bookmarkin
10、g.Furthermore, it grants users the ability to get an overview of a book and then jump to a specific location based on that overview. While these are all nice features, perhaps the most helpful of all is the ability to get dictionary definitions at the touch of a finger. On even the most basic e -rea
11、der, users can find instant definitions without having to hunt through a physical dictionary.It can be seen that e-readers are superior to printed books. They save space, are environmentally friendly and provide helpful reading tips and tools that printed books do not. So what good are printed books
12、? Well, they certainly make nice decorations.63. As used in paragraph 1, it can be inferred that has-beens, old-timers, antiques, fossils are all words that describe something .A. outdatedB. typicalC. meaningfulD. useless64. Based on information in the passage, it can be inferred that printed books
13、of War and Peace and Anna Karenina are all.A. superior and dramaticB. dense and environmentalC. awkward and heavyD. significant and resistant65. According to the author, which of the following reading tips and tools are offered by the e -reader? line spacing customization the ability to quickly jump
14、 to the end of a book access to a printed dictionary at the touch of a fingerA. and only B. and only C.and onlyD.， and 66. Which of the following sentences from the passage best summarizes the author s main point?A. ” Ifyou have some spare cash(the going rate is about $89)and are looking to enhance
15、your reading experience, then I highly suggest you consider purchasing an e -reader.”B. -readers are replacing the books of old, and I welcome them with open arms (as you should)C. “ An-eeader is a device that allows you to read e -books. An e -book is a book -length publication in digitalform, cons
16、isting of text, images, or both, and produced on, published through, and readable on computers or other electronic devices.”D. -readers are superior to printed books because they save space, are environmentally friendly, and providehelpful reading tips and tools that printed books do not.”答案：63-66 A
17、CAD 难度：中等 解析： 本文为说明文。本文介绍了现在印刷的书籍过时了，如果你想提高你的阅读体验，就去买一个电子阅读器。电子阅读器优于印刷书籍，因为电子阅读器本身很小，易拿，容量大。它们节省空间，环保，提供了印刷 书籍所没有的阅读技巧和工具，如调整字体，字形和间距、随意跳到指定的位置等。【63题详解】推理判断题。根据第段中的haeens, old-timers, antiques, fossils 以及后面的 readers are replacing thebooks of old可知，这些词都是说 包过时了，分析选项 A. outdated过时了； B. typical典型有；C. me
18、aningful 有意义的；D. useless没有的。可知，A符合题意，故选 A。【64题详解】 推理判断题。第三段中 “-readers put printed books to shame. E-readers are superior to printed books because they save space,和第四段 “The average eeader can store thousands of digital books, providing a genuine library at your fingertips. What is more, the e -reade
19、r itself is very small. It is easy to hold and can fit in a pocketbook or briefcase easily 尤其是 This makes handling wooden giant such as War and Peace and Anna Karenina a breeze. ”,可知，电子阅读器节省了空间，环保，容量大。而且电子阅读器体积小，易拿和存贮。这使得 处理像战争与和平和安娜卡列尼娜这样的庞大的笨重的巨人变得轻而易举。由此可推断出印刷版的战争与和平和安娜 卡列尼娜是笨重的。分析选项可知C符合题意。【65题详
20、解】 细节理解题。第六段 The typical ereader allows its user to adjust letter size, letterform and line spacing. 可知，”典型的电子阅读器允许用户调整字母大小、字体和行距。第七段a Furthermore, it grants users the ability to getan overview of a book and then jump to a specific location based on that overviewthe most helpfulability to get dictio
21、nary definitions at the touch of a finger. 可知， 电子阅读器允许用户跳转至U特定位置。但也 许最有用的是能够用手指触摸电子字典就可找到答案。选项line spacing customization行间距自定义；theability to quickly jump to the end of a book 快速跳至U书尾的能力； access to a printed dictionary at the touch ofa finger用手指接触印刷体的字典。分析可知，是正确的，故选 A。【66题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段 “-readers pu
22、t printed books to shame. E-readers are superior to printed books because they save space, are environmentally friendly and provide helpful reading tips and tools that printed books do not 可知电子阅读器使印刷书籍相形见细。电子阅读器优于印刷书籍，因为它们节省空间，环保，提供了印 刷书籍所没有的有用的阅读技巧和工具。”分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选 Do2、2019普陀二模(C)The Rapid Rise
23、and Fall of Robot BabysittersDuring the winter of 2017, an 18-year old college student named Canon Reeves spent much of his time trailing a knee -high robot around Fayetteville, Arkansas, as it delivered Amazon packages to students. The robot, created by a start-up called Starship Technologies in 20
24、14, is basically a cooler on wheels; it uses radars, sensors, and nine cameras to make deliveries. Reeves job was to monitor how it handled various grounds, field comments from the public, and press the off switch if necessary. He said, “ Peoplewould also ask if it could deliver beer. It couldn t.Br
25、oadly speaking, jobs of caring for robots fall under the umbrella of careers in automation, which include maintenance, engineering and programming. The demand for people with this skill set is considerable, with 20 million to 50 million new jobs to be expected in this category by 2030, according to
26、the Mckinsey Global Institute. In the year that ended in June 2018, I had almost three times the number of positions on the recruitment committee that ended in June 2016.Over the last year, a 34 -year-old businessman named David Rodriguez spent hundreds of hours following a machine called the KiwiBo
27、t around UC Berkeley campus while it delivered Red bull and other drinks to students. To retrieve (检索)orders, the app encourages students to give the robot a wave; the robotwill roll depending on its mood. Rodriguez, who heads business development for the start -up, was tasked, early on, with monito
28、ring the KiwiBot for problems even carrying it, should the motors fail. Since April 2018, though, theKiwiBot has largely been left unattended, and the majority of human interactions involve technical checks and loading food into the robot. To eliminate the boring work, the team is developing a resta
29、urant robot to collect and load orders - which could happen in 2020. However, Rodriguez assured me that his staff won t bEveryone holds double roles in the company. Greater robot self -governing just means employees will shift their focus to accounting, engineering, and design.Mckinsey estimates tha
30、t millions of jobs globally could be lost to automation by 2030.“A hjobs will be produced as autonomous vehicles are released into the environment, Ramsey said. In 2(started training students from Schoolcraft College, a community college in Michigan, in autonomous-vehicle repair; Toyota has trained
31、students in maintenance as well. We might evenleve jobetwrherelowpeople come and fuel the car for you, Ramsey said. Until we can wirelessly charge, someone needs to refuthem. The hardeso-automate industries, as it happens, are the ones that require looking after humans, such as childcare, education
32、and health care. Robot babysitters might feel like they have scored the job of the future, but in fact, they might be better positioned.63. What kind of robot is the one created by a start -up called Starship Technologies?A. A factory robot.B. A delivery robot.C. A restaurant robot.D. A construction
33、 robot.64. What does fall under the umbrella of in Para: 2 mean?A. are in the category ofB. are under the protection ofC. are in relation ofD. are in the process of65. According to Ramsey, what will happen when autonomous vehicles are put on the market?A. Autonomous vehicles will become much cheaper
34、.B. A large number of people will be out of work.C. A lot of job opportunities will be created.D. Many people will turn to buying autonomous cars. 66. What does the last sentence in Para. 4 mean?A. Robot carers will have a competitive advantage in the future.B. Many new occupations like caring for r
35、obots come and go fast.C. We still need someone to look after robots in the future.D. Robots will create more and better jobs for people in the future.答案：63-66 BACA难度：中等解析：这是一篇说明文。随着机器人被越来越多的应用，机器人保姆的工作也随之发生了变化。文章以对相关信 息进行了介绍说明。【63题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的The robot, created by a startup called Starship Tech
36、nologies in 2014, is basicallya cooler on wheels; it uses radars, sensors, and nine cameras to make deliveries.可知， 这款机器人是 2014年由 一家名为Starship Technologies的初创公司制造的，它基本上是一种车轮上的冷却器；它使用雷达、传感器和9台摄像头进行配送。 也就是说，Starship Technologies公司创造的是一款配送物品的机器人。故B选项正确。【64题详解】词语猜测题。 后面的 which include maintenance, engine
37、ering and programming歹U举了“ 照看机器人 ”的工作范 畴，故A选项正确：属于范畴。【65题详解】细节理解题。根据最后段中的A huge number of jobs will be produced as autonomous vehicles are releasedinto the environment可知：随着自动化车辆被投放到市场，将产生大量的就业机会。故 C选项正确。【66题详解】句意理解题。根据该段第一句可知：麦肯锡估计，到 2030年，全球将有数以百万计的就业岗位被自动化 夺走。根据画线句前面的一句可知，最难的自动化行业，恰巧是那些需要照顾人类的行业，如
38、儿童保育、 教育和医疗保健。结合这两句的理解可知，机器人保姆可以在未来做更有挑战性的工作。故A选项正确。3、2019徐汇二模（C）Like their ancient toga-wearing counterparts, modern philosophers continue to disagree on the nature of freewill. Do we really have any control over the choices we make and the things we desire, and if so, to what degree?Theories of fr
39、eewill vary, but the ancient words of Plato still line up with our modernperceptions;（概念） oftemptation and willpower. The respected Greek philosopher argued that the human experience is one of constant struggle between the intellect and the body, between rationality and desire. Along these lines, tr
40、ue freedom is only achievable when willpower unchains us from bodily, emotional, instinctual slavery.You can find similar thoughts throughout world religions, most of which offer a particular and often difficult path to rise above our darker natures.And science? Well, science mostly agrees with all
41、of this. Willpower is all about overcoming your natural desires to eat cupcakes, skip your morning workout, play games on mobile phone, hit the snooze alarm and check your e-mail during a funeral.Your willpower, however, is limited. If life were a video game, youd see a glowing willpower or ego（自 我）
42、 meter at the top of the screen next to your life meter. Successfully resist one temptation, and the meter drains a little. The next temptation drains the willpower meter even more, until theres nothing left at all.Our modern scientific understanding of willpower in large part stems from a 1996 rese
43、arch experiment involving chocolate and radishes （小红萝 卜）.Psychologist Roy Baumeister led a study in which 67 test subjects were presented with tempting chocolate chip cookies and other chocolate-flavored treats before a persistence-testing puzzle. Heres the catch: The researchers asked some of the p
44、articipants to withdraw from sweets and snack on radishes instead.Baumeisters results told a fascinating story. The test subjects who resisted the sweet stuff in favor of radishes performed poorly on the persistence test. They simply didnt have the willpower left to resist slacking off （松懈） .The res
45、earch inspired more than a thousand additional studies discussing everything from the influence of positive messages to the ego-sapping power of daily decisions.Studies also show that cognitive capacity also affects our ability to hold out against temptation. Cognitive capacity is essentially your w
46、orking memory, which you employ when resisting a temptation . or holding a string of numbers in your head. A 1999 study from the University of Iowa professor Baba Shiv found that people tasked with remembering a two-digit number held out better than people remembering a seven-digit number when tempt
47、ed with chocolate cake.64. What do you understand by freewill ?A. The control we have over the choices.B. The choices we make and the things we desireC. The choices that philosophers force us to makeD. Our perception of temptation.65. According to Plato, when is true freedom available?A. When there
48、is a struggle between the intellect and the bodyB. When our willpower helps us to overcome our basic instinctsC. When we desire that which we cannot achieveD. When we have no control over our ego66. What is meant by cognitive capacity ?A. Willpower to realize one s own egBo. Our ability to overcome temptationC. Our ability to remember things.D. The desire to give in to temptation答案： 64-66 ABB难度：中等 解析： 本文属于科普文，介绍了不同时代对意志力的理解不一样，一个现代科学心理实验让我们对意志力有了更 深的理解，同时提出了认知负荷的概念。【 64 题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段Do we really have any