最新高中英语语法顺口溜优秀名师资料.doc

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1、高中英语语法顺口溜英语语法顺口溜 (1)谓语be的用法:我用am，你用are，除此之外的单数，包括他她还有它，统统都是用is，我们你们和他们，只要复数都用are。 (2)一般疑问句和否定句的变化:一般问句并不难，大写小写有变化，句末要把问号加。第一人称常变二。否定句就更简单，中间加上一not，谓语动词提到前。 (3)现在进行时很好记，结构be，动词ing。be由主语来决定，句中常用标志词，now，look，listen (4)一般现在时，肯定句的现在式。不是三单用原形，是三单就加s，es，若是否定疑问句，没有be就加个do，碰到三单加does。如把does加在前，动词就要还原形。 (5)一般过

2、去时，肯定句的过去式。规则动词加ed，不规则的必须记。否定形式疑问句，没有be加did。如把did加在前，动词也要还原形 (6)特殊的形容词、副词的比较级、最高级一分为二有两个，一是远来一是老。合二为一共三对，坏病两多并两好。还有一词双意含，只译少来不译小。 (7)比较等级的运用:原级用在as.as间，比较级用在than前。and连接两个比较级，说明越来越怎样。三者以上最高级，副词前可不加the。still，even，和much，比较级前更怎样。还有alot和alittle，也常修饰比较级。 (8)宾语从句:宾语从句三要素，引导词、语序、时态。引导词分三情况，陈述句that可省略。一般疑问句i

3、f或whether。碰到特殊疑问句，疑问词来担此任。语序总体为主谓。疑问词从句主语，语序不必去改变。从句时态主句定，如果主句是过去，从句相应作改变，客观真理仍现在。 (9)被动语态牢记一点， be加动词过去分词。分析句中主和谓，承受者作主语即被动。短语动词不可忘介、副词。另有不及物动词，只有主动无被动。还要注意其时态，与主动语态全相同。 英语学习顺口流和小窍门 , 英语学习 动词为纲“滚雪球” 难易编组抓循环 同类归纳印象深 图示介词最直观 混淆多因形音义 反义词语成对念 构词方法不可忘 习惯用语集中练 词不离句法最好 课外阅读莫间断 , be 的用法口诀 我用am，你用are，is连着他，她

4、，它; 单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。 变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。 变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记。 疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。 , 时间名词前所用介词的速记歌 年月周前要用in，日子前面却不行。 遇到几号要用on，上午下午又是in。 要说某日上下午，用on换in才能行。 午夜黄昏须用at，黎明用它也不错。 at也用在明分前，说“差”可要用上to， 说“过”只可使用past，多说多练牢牢记， , 记住f(e)结尾的名词复数 妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌; 躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮目光。 , 巧记48个国际音标 单元音共十二，四二六前中后。 双元音也好背，合口集中八个整

5、。 辅音共计二十八，八对一清又七浊， 四个连对也包括。有气无声清辅音， 有声无气浊辅音，发音特点应掌握。 , 非谓语动词的一些特殊用法后只接不定式作宾语的一些常用特殊谓语动词 动词后，不定式，want, hope和wish， agree, decide, mean, manage, promise, expect, pretend,且说两位算在此， 要记牢，要记住，掌握它们靠自己。 , 后接动词不定式做宾语补足语省略不定式符号“to”的一些常用特殊动词 一些动词要掌握，have, let和make, 此三动词是使役，“注意”“观察”“听到”see， 还有feel和watch，使用它们要仔细，

6、后接“宾补”略去“to”，此点千万要牢记 , 除此之外，还可以掌握“八字言”， 一感feel,二听hear, listen to, 三让have, let, make,四看see, look at, observe, watch , 后只接动名词做宾语的一些常用特殊动词 特殊动词接“动名”，使用它们要记清， “放弃”“享受”可“后悔”， “坚持”“练习”必“完成”， “延期”“避免”非“介意” 掌握它们今必行。 , 动名词在句中的功能及其它 “动名”语法其功能，名词特征有动、形，主宾表定都可作，“动名”、“现分”要认清，“现分”不作“宾”和“主”， 动名作“状”可不行。二词皆可作定语，混为一谈

7、不允许，主谓关系视分词，“动名”一词无此义。 现在分词形式及在句子中的作用(包括过去分词的作用): 现在分词真好记，动词后面ING。它的作用真不小，可以充当定状表。 还有宾语补足语，忘记此项不可以。 , 分词做定语的位置及其它 “定分”位置有二条，词前词后定分晓。 单个分词在词前，有时此规有颠倒。 分词短语在词后，“定从”和它互对照。 “现分”动作进行时，“过分”动作完成了。 (注:“定分”:做定语的分词;“定从”:定语从句;“现分”:现在分词;“过分”:过去分词。) , 分词做状语在句子中所表示的意义 分词做状语，概有七意义。“ 时间”和“原因”，“结果”与“目的”。 “方式”加“伴随”，“

8、条件”常出席。 且谈其主语，谓语头前的*。 欲要记住它，必须常练习。(*指句子的主语) , 独立主格结构 独立结构要认清:名、代之后副或形。 或是分词或“介短”，with结构不可轻， 名代二词是其“主”，句子结构必分明。 独立结构好掌握 句中作用只一个: 千变万化皆做“状”，其中意义也不多。 “时间”“条件”和“原因”，“方式”“伴随”没别的。 “状从”和其前三个，可以互变不难学。 , 英语分数巧记 英语分数不费事，“母序子基”四个字。分子若是大于一，分母还须加-s。 , 字母“oo”读音歌 “oo”发u:最常见，非重音中要短念。字母“k”前不能长，“好脚站木羊毛”短。 “血”与“水灾”真特殊

9、，“oo”读细分辨。“oo”加“r”读作 ，“poor”读 好可怜。注:“好脚站木”即:good,foot,stood,wood 第二句也可以是:“d、k之前oo短，“foot”、“food”恰相反。 1.长音:bloom,boot,cool,foot,moon,root,school,soon,too,troop,room,zoo 2.弱读短:classroom,schoolroom,workroom,bedroom,boyhood 3.k前短:book,brook,cook,look,shook,took 4. :door,floor , “I Drop Caps” 在某些表示请求、命令、

10、建议等动词后面的宾语从句中，谓语动词要用动词原形或should+动词原形。 Iinsist, ddenand, rrequest/require/recommend, oorder, ppropose, ccommand, aadvise, ppreqersic, ssuggest. 巧辨只在一言中 1.Her elder sister is three years older than she.她姐姐比她大三岁。 2.He looked around,but saw nothing.他环顾四周，什么也没看见。 3.He listened,but could hear nothing.他侧耳细

11、听，什么也没听到。 4.The old man raised his head,facing the rising sun.老人抬起头，面对冉冉升起的太阳。 5.He is very interested in the interesting film.他对那个有趣的片子很感兴趣。 6.He received his invitation but didnt accept it.他收到了请柬，但没有接受。 7.Will you lend me the book you borrowed from the library yesterday? 把你昨天从图书馆借的那本书给我看看好吗, 8.The

12、y planted a few trees,but few of them are alive.他们种了几棵树，但没几棵成活的。 9.He asked me for a little ink,but I had little myself. 他向我要一点墨水，可我自己的墨水也没多少。 10.Do you speak everyday English every day?你天天讲日常英语吗, 11.Sometimes I spend some time on novels.有时，我花点时间看小说。 12.Eleetricety was not discovered by Edison,but h

13、e invented the electric light. 电不是爱迪生发现的，但他发明了电灯。 13.Nothing is permitted,everything is allowed. 一切都有不(明文)准许，但也不(明文)禁止。 14.Both of them went out but neither came back. 他们两个人都出去了，但一个也没回来。 15.English is fairly useful,but it is rather difficult to learn. 英语相当有用，但相当难学。 , 巧记英文信封的写法 A.可以记住汉字“尖”字，先写小地名，再写大

14、地名。 B.将竖式汉文写法的信封，按顺时针方向旋至水平位置。这样，地址的排列顺序恰巧是英文信封的书写格式。 , 巧记家庭成员 爹father 娘mother 哥哥弟弟brother 姐姐妹妹sister. , long before 和before long long 在前(long before)，“很久前”， long在后(before long)，“不久后”。 , 巧记lie和lay 躺 lie,lay,lain,lie in bed again;撒谎 lie,lied,lied,dont be a liar; 产蛋 lay,laid,laid,a hen laid an egg; 放置

15、 A loy picked it up,and laid it in the bag. , 开、闭音节歌 开音节，音节开，一元字母在后排;不怕一辅堵后门，还有哑e在门外。 闭音节，音节闭，一元字母生闷气;辅音字母堵后门，一元字母音短急。 , out of question和out of the question 无the“无问题”，(毫无疑问)有the“有问题”，(不可能) , ie和ei歌 e-i和i-e,两者都可读作i: i总要走在前，除非前面是个c (ceiling,believe,field,receve,piece) , 基数词变序数词歌 基变序，有规律词尾加上-ed(fourth,

16、sixth 一、二、三，特殊例， 结尾字母t,d,d(first,second,third) 八去t,九去e,(eighth,ninth) ve要用 f替;(fifth,twelfth) ty将y改成i, th前面有个e。 若是碰到几十几，前用基来后用序。 , 巧记以-o结尾加-es的词 A.“两人两菜”(hero,negro,potato,tomato) B.一句话 Negroes and heroes like to eat potatoes and tomatoes C。有生命的加Es，无生命的加-s. , 巧记不规则名词单变复 男女脚步牙鹅，老鼠加虱婆。 man-men; woman-

17、women; foot-feet; tooth-teeth; goose-geese; mouse-mice; louse-lice. , WITHS PEM 有些动词用过去完成时，常表示“想做而未做”的意思。可巧记其首字为组成的“withspem”，代表:wish,intend,think,hope,suppose,plan,expect,mean , Fanbo ys 要求前后 对称的词语，包括可有并列连词，其中最常见的是for,and,nor,but,or,get,so 为了便于记忆，可将其首字母连成“fanboys”.(此外，还有both.and,neither.nor,not onl

18、y.but , also,以及表示比较的词语than,as.as,not so .as,prefer.to,nather than , 从句之要素 从语法结构的角度看，任何从句都有三个要素，即时态与主句要响应，关联词使用要恰当，主要结构不倒装。 , 规则动词加Ed的读音 清读t，浊元dt、d后面读id , 一句话记名词所有格的构成分式和用法 The childrens teacher asked a friend of toms to bring him some students books on the first day of the month. , 一句话记清辅音浊化 Some yo

19、uths are walking along the paths to have baths in the houses with something in their mouths. , 加-ing要双写的常见动词 一个m，两个d和g(swim) (nod,rid) (dig,beg)三n，四p，十个t(run,win,begin) (dip,drop,mop,stop)(sit,hit,fit,set,get,let,put,regret,forget,pat) (下加线的词，构成过去式、过去分词时，也须双写尾字母) , 五种基本句型歌 英语句子万万千，五大句型把线牵。句型种类为动词，后接

20、什么是关键; 系词后面接表语;vi独身无牵连;vt又可分三类，单宾双宾最常见， 还有宾语补足语;各种搭配记心间。 五种基本句型: 1.主语+系动词+表语 2.主语+不及物动词 3.主语+及物动词+宾语 4.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语 5.主语+及物动词+宾语1+宾语2 , 对划线部分提问的程序 一代(用疑问词代替划线部分)，二移(把疑问词移至句首) 三倒(颠倒主谓语，但对主语或其定语提问时除外)四抄(照抄其它部分) 直接引语转换为间接引语时人称代词转换规律 一从主 He said to Tom,“I can help them.”He said to Tom that he could

21、help them. 二从宾 He said to her,“You can help them.”He told her that she could help them. 三不变 He said to Tom,“They can help them.”He told Tom that they could help them. , 祈使句变为间接引语的规律 一改 (主句谓语动词)二变 (呼语为间接宾语)三加 (to)四去 (please) , 不带to的不定式作宾补 不定式，不带to,九个动词要记住一听(hear)二看(see,watch)三感觉(feel,notice,observe)，

22、make,let和have;作宾补，是秃头;当主补时要带to. , before和ago巧记 before带在点之前，ago总在段之后。before时态不确定，过去时中用ago。 , be在现在时中与人称的搭配 我是am，你是are,is跟随着他，她，它。复数后面用什么，统统都是一个are。 , 肯定句变疑问句口诀“是，情，助”，移向前，主语其后把身安，一般，现在，与过去， do,does,did添在前，再改谓语为原形。最后要把问号点。 , be made of 和be made from 巧记 物质不变用of,物质变化from,如果物质不明白，可问君自何处来, , 要求跟随动名词的动词 (1

23、)“megafeps”(霉咖啡不吃),mind,miss,enjoy,give up,admit,avoid,finish,escape,practise. (2)“makes (a) fit speach”mind,Avoid,keep,Enjoy,Suggest/Finish,Imagine,Think about,Spend,Practise,Excuse,escape,Cant help , 要求跟不定式的动词 “要想干，同意办，愿意不愿意，决定尽量干。”A要求，想要，希望(want,wish,hope,expect,intend,mean) B同意(agree,promise) C意

24、愿(care,hate,refuse) D决定，企图(determine,decide,offer,attempt,try,manage) , 要求跟不定式作宾补的动词 (1)劝教命请叫(advise,teach,order,command,ask,tell) (2)允许又警告(allow,permit,warn) (3)使役表意向(cause,let,have,make,lead,set,leave,get,wish,want,expect) (4)知觉动词妙(feel,hear,watch,see,observe,notice) , 既跟动名词也跟不定式的动词 begin,start,co

25、ntinue,forget,remember,regret,intend,like,love,hate,try,mean. , 用不定式和动名词造成的意义上的差别归为五点: 不定式 动名词 A)某一具体行动 指一般的、经常的情况 B)表示主语和宾语的动作 可能表示任何人的动作 C)主动 被动 D)未发生的事 已发生的事 E)短暂的或可能进行的事 延续的或重复发生的事 She hated to talk about peoples shortcomings. She hate talking about peoples shortcomings. She wants to repair the

26、desk. The desk wants repairing. 常见的要求跟动名词作宾语，跟不定式作宾语的动词有: advise,forbid,understand,suppose,consider,allow,permit.连接首字母即为A Fus Cap(阿福的帽子)阿福的帽子，代表七动词，宾补不定式，宾语动名词 Ex.What is it that they permit?Some old magazines. A.taking away B.being taken awayC.to take away D.to be taken away , 常见不规则动词三种形式变化归类 come

27、came come become became become steal stole stolen speak spoke spoken break broke broken drive drove driven write wrote written give gave given swim swan swum spring sprang sprung run ran run begin began begun drink drank drunk blow blew blown grow grew grown know knew known throw threw thrown show s

28、howed shown draw drew drawn bring brought bought fight fought fought think thought thought buy bought bought catch caught caught keep kept kept sweep swept swept leave left left feel felt felt tear tore torn wear wore worn pay paid paid say said said build built built send sent sent lend leant leant

29、 dig dug dug win won won sell sold sold tell told told sit sat sat hear heard heard make made made lose lost lost stand stood stood find found found get got got hold held held feed fed fed meet met met lead led led beat beat beaten do did done see saw seen take took taken shut shut shut cost cost co

30、st hit hit hit set set set put put put let let let cut cut cut 英语顺口溜大全 1.to be in a rut:是指对每天同样的工作或是墨守成规一成不变的习惯，感到单调乏味 (to be tired of routine job; nothing new or excited) (rut 这个字本意是惯例或老套)。 例如: He has not been promoted for 20 years; he must be in a rut.(他廿年未获升级，一定感到单调枯燥。) After thirty years of the

31、same job, he feels he is in a rut.(干了卅年同样的工作，他觉得枯燥乏味。) 所以要放弃单调枯燥的生活方式，就是 to get out of the rut. 例如: If you hate your old job, you need to get out of the rut.(假如你不喜欢你的老工作，你就要走出乏味的日子。) 2. to be (或 become) fed up with (someone 或 something): 意思是对某人或某事感到讨厌或厌倦(to get tired of; to be disgusted or to get si

32、ck of); 例如: I am fed up with his constant complaints.(他常常的抱怨令我厌烦。) We all became fed up with his long speech.(他的长篇演说我们都觉得讨厌。) The husband has been fed up with his wifes nagging.(老公对老婆的唠叨感到厌烦。) 如果只用to be fed up也可以: I will not wait for her; I am fed up. (我不想再等她了;我厌了。) (动词时态是:feed, fed, fed) 可见这句俚语似乎有被

33、动味道，如果用 feed，意思又不同了 例如: The mother will feed the baby with milk.(母亲喂婴儿牛奶。) (feed 是及物动词) The cattle feed on grass (牛以草为生。)(feed 是不及物动词) 但是 The cattle were fed with the grass by the farmer.(农夫用草喂牛。) (cattle 是复合名词，意为复数); 可以说: I am fed up with him. (我讨厌他) (但不能说:I feed up with him.) 3. to cut the cord: 意

34、思是父母要让儿女离家过著独立自主的生活 (let your children leave home and become independent) (只用於父母与儿女间的关系); 例如: When your children are old enough to take care of themselves, you have to cut the cord.(当你的孩子长大可以照顾他们自己时，你就应该让他们自力更生。)(即切断依赖父母的脐带。) It is very difficult for many Chinese parents to cut the cord with their c

35、hildren.(许多中国父母很难让儿女完全独立自主。)(注:这里的 cord，是指 umbilical cord 即脐带。) 4. to start from square one: 意思是上次没有成功，必须回到起点从头做起 (something did not succeed in the first place, have to start over again) (这与 to be back to square one 意义相同); 例如: He has to start from square one because his computer destroyed (crashed)

36、his homework. (由於电脑搞坏了他的作业，他必须从头做起。) The search committee for the new college president will have to start from square one.(选拔新校长委员会上次没有成功，现在又要从头做起。) We are back to square one. (我们又从头做) 5. to paint (someone) a picture:意思是解释某种情况，使人更加明白。 (to explain the situation; to make things more clear); 例如: In or

37、der for you to understand better, I will paint you a picture. (为了使你更能明白，我愿加以解释。) He will try to paint us a picture when he gives a speech.(他演讲时，尽量想法使我们明白。) When I write an article for a newspaper, I will paint my readers a clear picture.(当我为报纸写文章时，我尽量让我的读者充分了解。) 但是 to paint a picture，意思又有不同了。 例如: Th

38、e artist will paint a picture of me.(画家为我画像。) The artist painted a picture for his interior decoration.(画家为了他的室内布置而画了一幅画。) 6. to take a (或 its) toll:意思是造成损失或有不良的影响 (to have bad effect); 例如: His hard work will eventually take its toll on his health. (他的辛劳工作，最後对他身体会造成伤害。) Inflation has taken its toll

39、everywhere.(通货膨胀对各地都有不良影响。 The storm took a heavy toll. (暴风造成重大损失。) The severe earthquake may have taken its toll on the economy of Taiwan. (或 Taiwans economy) (强烈地震对台湾的经济造成损失。) The boss eliminated several senior positions to save money;it took a pesonal toll on him.(老板为了省钱删除了几个资深职位，对他个人倒有不良影响。) (注:

40、to take its toll 较为常用) 7. to have the floor:指在开会时取得发言权，有人发言时，其他与会者应该注意听。 (Everybody at the meeting should keep quiet and listen carefully when someone speaks to the audience.)(floor 本意是全体议员或全体与会者。) 例如: Will you mind letting Miss Wang have the floor, (王小姐发言时，请大家安静注意听好吗,) Everybody should be able to h

41、ave the floor during the meeting. (开会时，每个人都应该有发言权。) Let Mr. Chen have the floor for ten minutes. (让陈先生发言十分钟，大家注意听。) He was given the floor by the chairperson. (主席让他发言。) 8. to hold water:意思是站得住脚，禁得起考验或有足够的证据可证明一件事的可靠性. (to have evidence to prove something) (反之，hold no water就是没有足够的证据，站不住脚。) 例如: I thin

42、k his statement does not hold water. (我想他的声明是站不住脚的) 也就是: There is no enough evidence to prove what he has said. (可见hold no water=does not hold water) His theory holds water. (他的理论是有足够证明的) Her constant excuses for being tardy holds no water.(或 does not hold water) (她时常的迟到藉口，没有足够的理由。) The U. S. bombin

43、g excuse did not hold water with China. (美国轰炸理由不足取信中国)也就是: China feels that the reason given by the U.S. for bombing the Chinese embassy does not hold water. 所以: The argument does not hold wate r= The argument holds no water. (这争吵是没有足够的理由) 9. to tighten (ones) belt:意思是束紧裤带，省吃俭用或缩紧预算(to cut the budge

44、t) 例如: The government has to tighten its belt due to a large deficit. (由於庞大的赤字，政府必须缩紧预算。) He tried to tighten his belt after he lost his job. (他失业後，想办法省吃俭用。) 但也可指真正的束紧腰带: Mrs. Chen has tightened her belt because she lost twenty pounds. (陈太太缩紧了腰带因为她瘦了廿磅) 10. to put (ones) best foot forward: 意思是全力以赴，给

45、人以尽可能好的印象，包括礼貌、举止、说话、外表等等 (to get first good impression including manners, speech, appearance, etc.)。 例如: When you go for a job interview, put your best foot forward. (当你求职面试时，首先要尽量给人良好的印象。) We all have to put our best foot on this project. (我们对这个计画要做得好才能给别人一个好印象。) (注:通常不用复数 feet，因为同时伸出两只脚，一定会跌倒，即使主

46、词是多数，也是如此。) 11. to miss a trick: 意思是不了解全部实况或不能细心察看 (not to figure out a situation; dont know everything that is going on;not very perceptive of every situation.) (反之，does not miss a trick 就是对全部情况非常了解。) 例如: He states emphatically that he never seems to miss a trick with his staff. (他强调他对下属是明察秋毫，无所不知。

47、) We can not pull the wool over his eyes because he does not miss a trick. (我们瞒不过他，因为他对所有的事，都很清楚。) Parents should not miss a trick regarding what their children are doing. (父母对儿女所做所为，应该细心察看，不可忽略。) He was fired because he missed all the tricks.(由於他对事不能细心观察而被解雇。) (有人认为:如果说一个人十分精明，事事明察秋毫，似乎有点spy的味道，所以不

48、是恭维话，读者以为然否,) 12. to nickel and dime (someone):意思是一点一滴的小事或微不足道的服务，都要收费 (to charge someone for every little thing or service)(既不是诈骗也非违法。) 例如: Sometimes the lawyer will nickel and dime you for every service he (she) provides. (有时律师为了微不足道的服务也要向你收费。) Many people were nickeled and dimed by their lawyers. The phone company is continually trying to nickel and dime us.