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1、初二英语新目标英语八年级上册单元知识点新目标英语八年级上册单元知识点 新目标八年级(上)重点词组、句型 Unit 1: How often do you exercise? 【重点词汇】 ? always, usually , often, sometimes , hardly , ever, never. ? how often, once , twice , three times a week , every day. ? milk, junk food, health, unhealthy, habit, exercise, most, result, try, different m
2、aybe, although, arm, foot, tooth, ear, eye, advice, thirsty ,forget, finish, plan . 【应掌握的词组】 1. go to the movies 去看电影 2. look after = take care of 照顾 3. surf the internet 上网 4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式 5. go skate boarding 去划板 6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康 7. exercise=take(much)exercise=do spor
3、ts锻炼 8. eating habits 饮食习惯 9. take more exercise 做更多的运动 10. the same as 与什么相同 11. be different from 不同 12. once a month一月一次 13. twice a week一周两次 14. make a difference to 对什么有影响 15. how often 多久一次 16. although = though虽然 17. most of the students=most students 18. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 购物
4、19. as for至于 20. activity survey活动调查 21. do homework做家庭作业 22. do house work做家务事 23. eat less meat吃更少的肉 24. junk food垃圾食物 25. be good for 对什么有益 26. be bad for对什么有害 27. want to do sth 想做某事 28. want sb to do sth想某人做某事 29. try to do sth 尽量做某事 30. come home from school放学回家 31. of course = certainly = sur
5、e当然 32. get good grades取得好成绩 33. some advice 34. hardly=not nearly / almost not几乎不 35. keep/be in good health保持健康 36.be stressed紧张的，有压力的 37. take a vacation 去度假 48.get back 回来 【应掌握的句子】 1. How often do you exercise ? ? How often + 助动词do(does或did) + 主语 + do sth. ? 疑问词how often是问频率(多经常), 在这里助动词do(does或
6、did) 是起帮助构成疑问的作用 Every day / Once a week / Twice a month / Three times a month / Three or four times a month . 2. What do you usually do on weekends ? 第一个do 为助动词, 在这起帮助构成疑问的作用;而第二个 do 则是实义动词。 I usually play soccer . 3. Whats your favorite program ? Its Animal World . 4. What do students do at Green
7、High School ? 第一个do 为助动词, 在这起帮助构成疑问的作用;而第二个 do 则是实义动词。 5. As for homework , most students do homework every day . as for.意思是“至于;关于”，常用于句首作状语，其后跟名词、代词或动词的-ing形式(即动名词)。如: As for him，I never want to see him here. 至于他，我永远不希望在这里见到。 As for the story，youd better not believe it. 关于那故事，你最好不要相信。 6. The result
8、s for “ watch TV ” are interesting . 7. Mom wants me to get up at 6:00 and play ping-pong with her . ? want to do sth.意思是“想要做某事”;want sb. to do sth.意思是“想要某人做某事”。如: Do you want to go to the movies with me,你想和我一起去看电影吗, The teacher doesnt want us to eat hamburgers.老师不想让我们吃汉堡包。 8. She says its good for
9、my health . ? be good for.表示“对有益(有好处)”。其反义为:be bad for.。(这里for 是介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词)如: Its good for us to do more reading. 多读书对我们有好处。 Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.在床上读书对你的眼睛有害。 9. How many hours do you sleep every night ? 10. I exercise every day , usually when I come home from school . 11. My eat
10、ing habits are pretty good . 这里pretty相当于very 。 12. I try to eat a lot of vegetables , usually ten to eleven times a week . ? try to do sth.表示“ 尽力做某事 ” ，不包含是否成功的意思 / try doing sth. 表示“ (用某一办法)试着去做某事”。 如:Youd better try doing the experiment in another way. 你最好试试用另一种方法做这个试验。 13. My healthy lifestyle he
11、lps me get good grades . ? help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事 14. Good food and exercise help me to study better . ? help sb. (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事 / 这里better是well的比较级，而不是good的比较级 15. Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different ? ,Is her lifestyle the same as your lifestyle or is her lifestyle different
12、from your lifestyle ? ? be the same as / be different from 16. I think Im kind of unhealthy . kind of = a little / a kind of 意思是“一种” 17. What sports do you play ? 18. A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health . keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy 19. You must try to eat less
13、meat . ? try to do sth. 表示“ 尽力做某事 ” , 不包含是否成功的意思 / less是little的比较级 20. That sounds interesting. 这是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句。sound(听起来)，look(看起来)，smell(闻起来)，taste(尝起来)，feel(觉得)，seem(好象)，grow(变得) , get(变得)等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。如: It tastes good. 这味道好。 The music sounds very sweet. 这音乐听起来很入耳。 The smoke grew hea
14、vier and heavier. 烟雾变得越来越浓了。 【词语辨析】 一、maybe / may be 1. The baby is crying she is hungry. 2. The woman a teacher . maybe 是副词，意为“大概， 可能，或许”，一般用于句首。May be是情态动词，意为“可能是.，也许是.，大概是.”. 二、a few / few / a little / little 1. people can live to 100,but people can live to 150. 2. There is time left, I dont catc
15、h the first bus. 3. Could you give me milk? a few (少数的，几个，一些) a little (一点儿，少量) 表示肯定 few (很少的，几乎没有的) little (很少的，几乎没有的) 表示否定 修饰可数名词 修饰不可数名词 三、none / no one 1、 of the pens are mine . 2、 is in the classroom. none指人或物，强调数量，用how many提问，常与of连用。no one 多指人，强调“无人”这种状态，用who提问，不可与of连用，作主语时，其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 四、h
16、ard / hardly 1. The ground is too to dig 2. I can understand them. 3. Its raining ,the people can go outside. hard作形容词，意为“困难的，艰苦的，硬的”;作副词，意为“努力地，猛烈地”。Hardly意为“几乎不”。 【语法】 1. 表频率的词汇和短语: always usually often never hardly ever sometimes seldom once a day twice a month three times a week every two weeks
17、once in a while 2. 做事情的频率(how often you do things): ,What do you usually do in the morning? ,I usually read English books. Sometimes I walk in the garden. I hardly ever exercise. I eat vegetables twice a week, but I never eat junk food. 3. 如何提问频率“多久一次” ,How often does he play tennis? ,He plays tenni
18、s every day. ,How often do you drink milk? ,I drink milk once a day. ,How often do they go to the movies? ,Sometimes. Unit 2 Whats the matter? ? 【重点词汇】 ? head, nose, eye, ear, tooth, neck, stomach, back, leg, arm, foot, throat ? thirsty, stressed out,/ dentist, lie, rest, honey, water, illness, advi
19、ce. ? cold, fever, headache, toothache, stomachache, sore throat 【应掌握的词组】 Have a cold 感冒sore back 背痛 neck and neck 并驾齐驱，齐头并进 I have a stomachache 我胃痛 = I have got a stomachache = There is something wrong with my stomach = My stomach hurts = I have (got) a pain in my stomach Whats the matter? 怎么了, =
20、Whats the trouble (with you)? = Whats your trouble? = Whats wrong (with you)? = What the matter (with you)? =What has happened to you? = Is there anything wrong (with you)? = whats up? sore throat 咽喉痛 lie down and rest 躺下休息 see a dentist 看牙医 drink lots of water 多喝水 hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 Thats a
21、good idea 好主意 Thats too bad 太糟糕了 I think so 我认为如此 Im not feeling well. 我觉得不太舒服 = Im not feeling fine/all right. = Im feeling ill/sick. =I feel terrible/bad. = I dont feel well. get some rest 多休息 I have no idea = I dont know 我不知道 stressed out 筋疲力尽 I am tired 我累了 He is tired. 他累了 a healthy lifestyle健康
22、的生活方式 traditional Chinese doctors传统中医 a balance of yin and yang阴阳调和 you have too much yin.你阴气太盛 to eat a balance diet饮食平衡 healthy food 健康食品 stay healthy 保持健康=keep healthy=keep in good health = keep fit enjoy oneself (myself, yourself, herself, himself, themselves, ourselves, itself反身代词) 玩得高兴，过得愉快 =h
23、ave a good time = have a wonderful time = have fun enjoy sth. =like sth. (名词)喜欢某物, enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事=like dong sth practice doing sth.练习做某事， mind doing sth. 介意做某事， finish doing sth.完成某事， give up doing sth.放弃做某事， cant help doing sth.忍不住做某事， keep ding sth. 坚持做某事. (keep on doing sth. / keep sb. doi
24、ng sth. ) be busy doing sth. 忙着做某事 be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事 make a contribution to doing sth.为.做贡献 go on doing sth. 继续做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做某事 remember doing sth. 记得做某事 spend.(in) doing sth. 花(时间)来做某事 prefer doing sth.to doing sth.比起(做.)来更愿意(做.) at the moment = now 此刻 Host family 东道家庭 Conversat
25、ion practice会话练习 Im sorry to hear that.听到此事我很难过 【应掌握的句子】 1. Whats the matter ? Whats the mater with you ? with为介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词。人称代词必须用它的宾格。 I have a cold / have a sore back / have a stomachache 2. You should lie down and rest / drink hot tea with honey / see a dentist / see a doctor . 3. Im not felli
26、ng well . 这里well表示身体状况，不能用good代替 4. When did it start ? About two days ago . 5. Thats too bad . 6. I hope you fell better soon . 这里better是well的比较级 7. Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yangto be healthy . 这里 to be healthy是动词不定式短语，作目的状语 8. Maybe you have too much yin . t
27、oo much后跟不可数名词，而too many后跟可数名词复数 9. Its easy to have a healthy lifestyle ,and its important to eat a balanced diet . ? Its easy to do sth . 做某事容易 / Its important to do sth . 做某事重要 10. Everyone gets tired sometimes . 这里get连系动词，tired是形容词作表语，属系表结构 11. A sore throat can give you a fever . ? give sb. sth
28、 . = give sth. to sb. 把某物给某人 12. Dont get stressed out. Its not healthy . 在这里get是连系动词，stressed out是表语 13. I have a tooth ache . I need to see a dentist . ? need意思为 “需要” ，作实义动词时，后跟动词不定式，否定式为dont /doesnt / didnt need (to do sth.) ;作情态动词时，只能用于否定句或疑问句中，否定式为neednt(do sth.) ，除有过去式外，没有其它的形态变化 14. Eat a bal
29、anced diet to stay healthy . to stay healthy是动词不定式短语，作目的状语 15. Im not feeling very well at the moment . at the moment = now 【语法】 1. 询问别人身体状况: Whats wrong with you? Whats the matter with you? Whats the trouble? 2. 提出建议(give advice and make suggestions) ,Whats wrong with you? ,I have a headache. ,You
30、should go to bed and have a rest. You shouldnt work late. ,I have a fever. ,You should drink a lot of water. You shouldnt be stressed out. Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation? 【重点词汇】 ? babysitting, going sightseeing, going fishing ? how long / plan, decide / at home, get back 【应掌握的词组】 1. babysit
31、ones sister 照顾妹妹 2. visit ones grandmother 看望奶奶 3. spend time with friends 和朋友们一起度过时光 4. visit cousins 看望表弟等 5. go to sports camp 去运动野营 6. go to the beach 去海滩 7. go camping 去野营 8. go shopping 去买东西 9. go swimming 去游泳 10. go boating去划船 11. go skating 去溜冰 12. go walking去散步 13. go climbing 去登山 14. go da
32、ncing去跳舞 15. go hiking去徒步远足 16. go sightseeing 去观光 17. go house-hunting 去找房子 18. go on a hike 徒步旅行， go bike riding 骑自行车旅行 go fishing 去钓鱼 19. do some shopping 买东西 20. do some washing 洗衣服 21. do some cooking 作饭 22. do some reading 读书 23. do some speaking训练口语 24. do some sewing 做缝纫活 25. that sounds nic
33、e 那好极了 26. at home 在家 27. how about=what about 怎么样, 28. how long 多长时间 29. how far 多远 30. how often 多长时间一次 31. how much, how many 多少 32. have a good time =have fun= have a wonderful time= enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快 33. show sb. Sth.=show sth. to sb.出示某物给某人看 give me the book=give the book to me 给我书， pass
34、 me the cup=pass the cup to me 把杯子递给我， sell me the house=sell the house to me 把房子卖给我 buy me a book =buy a book for me 给我买书， make me a cake = make a cake for me给我做蛋糕 34. get back=come back回来 35. rent videos租借影碟 36. take walks=go for a walk散步 37. think about 考虑 38. decide on= decide upon决定一个计划 39. som
35、ething different 不同的事情 40(a great vacation 一个愉快的假期 41. I cant wait 我等不及了 42. the famous movie star 著名的影星 43. an exciting vacation 激动人心的假期 44. Ask her about her plans 向她询问她的计划 ask sb. about sth.向某人询问某事 45. forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 【应该掌握的句子】 1. What are you doing for vacation
36、? Im babysitting my sister . Where are you going for vacation ? Italy . 这是现在进行时的一种比较特殊的用法，用来表示按计划或安排要做的事情，现在还没有去做。 2. Who are you going with ? Im going with my parents . with my parents是介词短语，在这里作伴随状语，起修饰谓语动词are going的作用 3. When are you going ? Im going on Monday . 4. What are you doing there ? Im go
37、ing hiking in the mountains . 5. How long are you staying ? Just for four days . I dont like going away for too long .疑问词hwo long是对时间长短或事物的长度提问，在这里是对时间的长短进行提问。 6. Have a good time . = Enjoy oneself . 玩得开心、愉快 7. Show me your photos when we get back to school . ? show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 把某给某人
38、看 8. Im going to Hawaii for vacation . for vacation是介词短语，在这里作目的状语，起修饰谓语动词的作用 9. Whats it like there ? 这里like是介词，而不是动词 10. Can I ask you some questions about your vacation plans ? ? ask sb. sth . 问某人某事 11. Ben Lambert , the famous French singer , is taking a long vacation this summer ! ? take a vacat
39、ion 度假 12. He thought about going to Greece or Spain , but decided on Canada . ? think about 考虑 / decide on 决定 这里的about和on都是介词 13. “ I always take vacation in Europe ,” he said . “ This time I want to do something different .” ? (1). want to do sth. (2). 修饰不定代词(something , nothing , anything等)的定语常放在
40、不定代词的后面 14. He plans to have a very relaxing vacation . ? plan to do sth. 计划做某事 15. Im planning to spend time in the beautiful countryside . 16. I just finished making my last movies . ? finish doing sth. 完成做某事 17. I hear that Thailand is a good place to go sightseeing . to go sightseeing是动词不定式短语，作a
41、 good place的后置定语 18. Shes leaving for Hong Kong on Tuesday . ? leave A for B 离开A地去B地 19. I want to ask you about places to visit China . to visit China是动词不定式短语，作places的后置定语 20. Im planning my vacation to Italy this weekend . to Italy是动词不定式短语，作my vacation的后置定语 21. What should tourists take with them
42、? with them是介词短语，在这里作伴随状语，起修饰谓语动词take的作用 22. Where are you leaving from ? leave from 离开某地(注:from是介词) 【语法】 一般将来时: 1. 现在进行时“be+动词ing”可以用来表示一个在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作。 ,What are you doing for vacation? ,Im visiting Tibet. ,Where are you going on May Day? ,Im going to the beach. ,How many students are coming to
43、out party tomorrow? ,Fifty. 2. “be going to +动词原形”表示主观打算去做某事，表示“人”打算，计划，决定要去做的事。 They are going to travel in China. Look at the clouds! It is going to rain. Are you going to be a teacher when you grow up? ,Yes, I am. 3. 用“shall，动词原形”或“will，动词原形”表示一般将来时。 (shall只用于第一人称) We shall go to the beach this S
44、unday. My brother will finish middle school in a year. These birds wont fly to the south in winter. When will they begin the work? Unit4 【重点词汇】 ? get to, how far./ bicycle, subway, car, train. ? bus stop, train station, bus station, subway station ? minute, kilometer, mile, transportation , calendar
45、 【应掌握的词组】 1. get to school 到校 2. get home 到家 3. how about=what about .怎么样, 4. take the subway 乘地铁 5. ride a bike 骑自行车 6. take the bus乘公共汽车 7. take the train乘火车 8. take a taxi乘坐出租车 9. go in a parents car 坐父母的车 10. by bike, bike bus, by subway, by taxi, by car, by train (乘坐车，放在句尾) 11. have a quick bre
46、akfast 迅速吃早饭 12. the early bus 早班车 13. how far多远 14. take sb. to sp.带某人到某处 15. doing sth. takes sb. Some time/ money =It takes sb. some time/money to do sth. =sb. spends some time/money (on sth.) =sb. spends some time/money (in) doing sth. =sth. costs sb. some time/money =sb. pay some money for sth.
47、 花费某人多少时间/金钱做某事/某人花费多少金钱/时间做某事 16. bus stop公共汽车站，train station火车站，subway station地铁站，bus station客运站 17. want to do sth.想做某事 18. walk to school 步行上学 19. in North America 在北美 20. in other parts of the world 在世界的其他地区 21. depend on=depend upon 依靠，靠决定 22. not all 不是所有的 23. need to do sth.需要做某事 24. number of students学生数 25. a number of=many 许多 number前可用large, great, small修饰其谓语是复数 26. the number of.的数量，谓语是单数 27. dont worry(about sth./sb.)别着急(为某人/事担心 28. around the world= all over the world世界各地，全世界 【应掌握的句子】 1. How d