《最新高中所有重要无机化学化学方程式优秀名师资料.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《最新高中所有重要无机化学化学方程式优秀名师资料.doc（19页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、高中所有重要无机化学化学方程式赵超 第 1 页 2013-3-10第 1 页 共 11 页 高中所有重要化学方程式现总结如下: 无机化合物 卤素单质及其化合物 氟单质 - 3.2F+2HO=4HF+O? 4.2F+2NaOH=2NaF+OF+HO 222222氟的化合物 2.4HF+SiO=SiF?+2HO(腐蚀玻璃) 2423.6HF+CaSiO=CaF+SiF?+3HO(腐蚀玻璃) 3242氯单质 2.Cl+2Na2NaCl 3.Cl+MgMgCl4.Cl+CuCuCl 222 225.3Cl+2Fe2FeCl 6.2Cl+C=CCl 7.3Cl+2P2PCl 2324238.5Cl(过量
2、)+2P2PCl 9.Cl+SO+2HO=HSO+2HCl 252222410.3Cl+2NH=6HCl+N 11.3Cl+8NH(过量)=6NHCl+N? 232234212.Cl+HS=2HCl+S? 13.Cl+2HBr=2HCl+Br 222214.Cl+HI=2HCl+I 15.Cl+HOHCl+HClO 222216.Cl+2NaOH(冷)=NaCl+NaClO+HO 17.3Cl+6NaOH(浓热)=5NaCl+NaClO+3HO 2223218.Cl+2KOH(冷稀)=KCl+KClO+HO 19.3Cl+6KOH(热浓)=5KCl+KClO+3HO 2223220.2Cl+2
3、Ca(OH)=CaCl+Ca(ClO)+2HO 21.Cl+HSO+HO=HSO+2HCl 2222222322422.Cl+2NaBr=2NaCl+Br 23.Cl+2NaI=2NaCl+I24.Cl+2KBr=2KCl+Br 2222 2225.Cl+2KI=2KCl+I 26.Cl+PCl=PCl 27.Cl+2FeCl=2FeCl 22235223氯的氢化物 1.2HCl+2Na=2NaCl+H? 2.2HCl+2K=2KCl+H? 3.2HCl+Mg=MgCl+H? 22224.2HCl+Ca=CaCl+H? 5.6HCl+2Al=2AlCl+3H? 6.HCl+NH=NHCl 22
4、32347.2HCl+NaO=2NaCl+HO 8.2HCl+NaO=2NaCl+HO 9.2HCl+MgO=MgCl+HO 2222222210.2HCl+CaO=CaCl+HO 11.6HCl+AlO=2AlCl+3HO 12.2HCl+CuO=CuCl+HO 2223322213.3HCl+ZnO=ZnCl+HO 2215.2HCl+FeO=FeCl+HO 16.6HCl+FeO=2FeCl+3HO 22233217.8HCl+FeO=FeCl+2FeCl+4HO 18.HCl+NaOH=NaCl+HO 34232219.2HCl+Mg(OH)=MgCl+2HO 20.2HCl+Ba(O
5、H)=BaCl+2HO 22222221.3HCl+Al(OH)=AlCl+3HO 22.2HCl+Cu(OH)=CuCl+2HO 33222223.2HCl+Zn(OH)=ZnCl+2HO 24.2HCl+Fe(OH)=FeCl+2HO 22222225.3HCl+Fe(OH)=FeCl+3HO 26.2HCl+NaS=2NaCl+HS? 3322227.2HCl+KS=KCl+HS? 28.2HCl+Ca(ClO)=CaCl+2HClO 222229.2HCl+NaSO=2NaCl+HO+SO? 30.2HCl+NaCO=2NaCl+HO+CO? 2322232231.HCl+NaHCO=
6、NaCl+HO+CO? 32.2HCl+NaSiO=HSiO?+2NaCl 3222323赵超 第 2 页 2013-3-10第 2 页 共 11 页 33.4HCl+NaSiO=HSiO?+4NaCl 34.2HCl+CaCO=CaCl+HO+CO? 4444322235.2HCl+MgCO=MgCl+HO+CO? 36.2HCl+BaSO=BaCl+HO+SO? 3222322237.2HCl+BaCO=BaCl+HO+CO? 38.HCl+AgNO=AgCl?+HNO 32223339.16HCl+2KMnO=2KCl+2MnCl+8HO+5Cl? 40.HCl+NH=NHCl 4222
7、3441.6HCl+KClO=KCl+3Cl?+3HO 322氯的氧化物和含氧酸 ClO+HO=2HClO 2724氯化物 9.MgCl+2NaOH=Mg(OH)?+2NaCl 10.NaCl+AgNO=AgCl?+NaNO 223311.KCl+AgNO=AgCl?+KNO 12.BaCl+2AgNO=2AgCl?+Ba(NO) 33233213.BaCl+NaSO=BaSO?+2NaCl 14.BaCl+NaSO=BaSO?+2NaCl 2233224415.BaCl+(NH)SO=BaSO?+2NHCl 16.AlCl+3HOAl(OH)+3HCl 24244432317.AlCl+3N
8、aOH=Al(OH)?+3NaCl 18.AlCl+3AgNO=Al(NO)+3AgCl? 33333319.SiCl+2HSi+4HCl 20.NHClNH?+HCl? 424321.NHCl+HONH?HO+HCl 22.NHCl+NaOHNaCl+NH?+HO 423243223.2NHCl+Ca(OH)CaCl+2NH?+2HO 24.NHCl+NaNONaCl+2HO+N? 42232422225.NHCl+NaAlO+HONaCl+Al(OH)?+NH? 26.NHCl+AgNO=AgCl?+NHNO 42233434327.PCl+3HO=HPO+3HCl 28.PCl+4HO=
9、HPO+5HCl 3233523429.CuCl+Zn=ZnCl+Cu 30.CuCl+2KOH=Cu(OH)?+2KCl 222231.2AgCl2Ag+Cl 32.AgCl+2NH?HO=Ag(NH)Cl+2HO 23232233.12FeCl+3OFeO+8FeCl 34.FeCl+2NaOH=Fe(OH)?+2NaCl 2222332235.FeCl+3NaOH=Fe(OH)?+3NaCl 36.FeCl+2NH?HO=2NHCl+Fe(OH)? 332324237.2FeCl+Cu=2FeCl+CuCl 38.2FeCl+Zn=ZnCl+2FeCl 32232239.2FeCl+Fe
10、=3FeCl 40.FeCl+3HOFe(OH)(胶体)+3HCl 3232341.FeCl+3NH?HO=Fe(OH)?+3NHCl 42.2FeCl+2HI=2FeCl+2HCl+I 3323432243.2FeCl+2KI=2FeCl+2KCl+I 322氯的含氧酸盐 赵超 第 3 页 2013-3-10第 3 页 共 11 页 1.2NaClO+HO+CO=NaCO+2HClO 22232.2KClO2KCl+3O? 32溴单质 1.Br+H2HBr 2.Br+2K=2KBr 3.Br+Mg=MgBr 222224.3Br+2NH=N+6HBr 5.Br+HS=2HBr+S? 6.Br
11、+2HI=2HBr+I 23222227.Br+HOHBr+HbrO 8.3Br+3HO=HBrO+5HBr 9.Br+SO+2HO=2HBr+HSO 222232222410.Br+2NaOH=NaBr+NaBrO+HO 11.3Br+6NaOH=5NaBr+NaBrO+3HO 2223212.Br+2NaI=2NaBr+I 13.Br+2KI=2KBr+I 2222溴的氢化物 1.4HBr+MnO2HO+MnBr+Br? 2.2HBr+HSO(浓)=Br+SO?+2HO 2222242223.HBr+AgNO=AgBr?+HNO 33溴化物 1.2NaBr+2HSO(浓)NaSO+Br?+
12、SO?+2HO 2.NaBr+HPONaHPO+HBr? 242422234243.NaBr+AgNO=AgBr?+NaNO 4.2KBr+HSOKSO+2HBr? 3324245.KBr+HSO=KHSO+HBr? 6.2KBr+3HSO+MnO=MnSO+2KSO+2HO+Br 24424244227.2KBr+4HNO(浓)=2KNO+2NO?+Br+2HO 8.KBr+AgNO=AgBr?+KNO 33222339.2AgBr2Ag+Br2 碘单质 1.I+H2HI 2.I+2Na2NaI 3.I+2K2KI 4.I+HO=HI+HIO 2222225.I+HS=2HI+S? 6.3I
13、+6NaOH=NaIO+5NaI+3HO 222327.3I+6KOH=5KI+KIO+3HO 8.I+NaS=2NaI+S? 23222碘的氢化物 1.4HI+O=2I+2HO 2223.HI+NaOH=NaI+HO 4.2HI+Ca(OH)=CaI+2HO 22225.8HI+HSO(浓)=4I+HS?+4HO 6.HI+AgNO=AgI?+HNO 2422233碘化物 1.8NaI+5HSO=4I+4NaSO+HS+4HO 2.NaI+AgNO=AgI?+NaNO 2422422333.2KI+2HSO=KSO+2HO+SO?+I 4.2KI+2HSO+MnOMnSO+KSO+2HO+I
14、 5.KI+AgNO=AgI?+KNO 6.2AgI2Ag+I332氧族单质及其化合物 硫单质 1.S+HHS 2.S+2Na=NaS 3.2S+CCS 4.S+FeFeS 22225.S+3C+2KNO=KS+N?+3CO? 6.3S+6KOH=2KS+KSO+3HO 322222327.S+2HNO=HSO+2NO? 8.S+2HSO=3SO?+2HO 3242422硫的氢化物 2.HS+Mg=MgS+H? 3.2HS+O=2HO+2S(不完全燃烧) 22222赵超 第 4 页 2013-3-10第 4 页 共 11 页 4.2HS+3O=2HO+2SO(完全燃烧) 5.2HS+SO=3S
15、?+2HO 22222226.HS+NaOH=NaHS+HO 7.HS+2NaOH=NaS+2HO 222228.HS+2KOH=KS+2HO 9.HS+2HNO=2HO+2NO?+S? 222232210.3HS+2HNO(稀)=3S?+2NO?+4HO 11.HS+HS0(浓)=2HO+SO?+S? 2322242212.5HS+3HSO+2KMnO=KSO+2MnSO+8HO+5S? 2244244213.3HS+8HCl+KCrO=2CrCl+7HO+3S?+2KCl 22273214.HS+Pb(NO)=2HNO+PbS?(棕黑色) 15.HS+CuSO=HSO+CuS?(黑色) 2
16、323242416.HS+2AgNO=2HNO+AgS?(黑色) 17.HS+CdSO=HSO+CdS?(黄色) 2332242418.HS+Hg(NO=2HNO+HgS?(朱红色) 19.HS+2FeCl=2FeCl+S?+2HCl 232323220.HS+Fe(SO)=2FeSO+S?+HSO 2243424硫的氧化物 2.SO+2NH+HO=(NH)SO 3.SO+HOHSO4.SO+CaO=CaSO 23242 2223 235.SO+NO=SO+NO 6.SO+NaOH=NaHSO 7.SO+2NaOH=NaSO+HO 2232322328.SO+Ba(OH)=BaSO?+HO 9
17、.5SO+2HO+2KMnO=2HSO+2MnSO+KSO 22322242442410.SO+HO=HSO 11.SO+NaO=NaSO 12.SO+MgO=MgSO 3224322434硫的含氧酸 1.2HSO+O=2HSO 2.HSO+NaO=NaSO+HO 3.HSO+NO=HSO+NO 44.HSO+2NaOH=NaSO+2HO 5.HSO(浓)+3HS=4S?+4HO 2323224226.HSO(浓)HO+SO 7.HSO(稀)+2Li=LiSO+H? 2423242428.HSO(稀)+Mg=MgSO+H? 9.3HSO(稀)+2Al=Al(SO)+3H? 2442242432
18、10.HSO(稀)+Fe=FeSO+H? 11.2HSO(浓)+CCO?+2HO+2SO? 24422422212.2HSO(浓)+CuCuSO+SO?+2HO 13.2HSO(浓)+2AgAgSO+2HO+SO? 2442224242214.HSO(稀)+Zn=ZnSO+H? 15.2HSO(浓)+ZnZnSO+SO?+2HO 24422442216.4HSO(浓)+3Zn3ZnSO+S?+4HO 17.5HSO(浓)+4Zn4ZnSO+HS?+4HO 24422442218.2HSO(浓)+2HgHgSO+2HO+SO? 24242219.6HSO(浓)+2FeFe(SO)+3SO?+6H
19、O 242432220.HSO+2NH=(NH)SO 21.HSO+NH=NHHSO 2434242434422.3HSO+AlO=Al(SO)+3HO 23.HSO+CuO=CuSO+HO 24232432244224.HSO(稀)+FeO=FeSO+HO 25.3HSO+FeO=Fe(SO)+3HO 24422423243226.6HSO(浓)+2FeSFe(SO)+3SO?+2S?+6HO 242432227.HSO+2NaOH=NaSO+2HO 28.HSO+NaOH(不足)=NaHSO+HO 24242244229.HSO+Ba(OH)=BaSO?+2HO 30.HSO+Zn(OH)
20、=ZnSO+2HO 242422424231.HSO+Cu(OH)=CuSO+2HO 32.HSO+2NaHSONaSO+2HO+2SO? 24242243242233.HSO+NaSO=NaSO+HO+SO? 34.HSO(浓)+NaNONaHSO+HNO? .HSO+2NaHCO=NaSO+2HO+2CO? 36.HSO+NaCO=NaSO+HO+CO? 37.HSO+NaSiO=NaSO+HSiO? 38.8HSO+2KMnO+10FeSO=5Fe(SO)+2MnSO+KSO+8HO 2赵超 第 5 页 2013-3-10第 5 页 共 11 页 40.HSO+CaCO=CaSO+HO+
21、CO? 41.HSO+Ba(NO)=BaSO?+2HNO 243422243243硫化物 1.NaS+HONaHS+NaOH 2.NaHS+HONaOH+HS 22223.NaS+Pb(NO)=PbS?+2NaNO 4.NaS+CuSO=CuS?+NaSO 232324245.NaS+2AgNO=AgS?+2NaNO 6.NaS+FeSO=NaSO+FeS? 232324247.3NaS+8HNO(稀)=6NaNO+4HO+3S?+2NO? 8.AlS+6HO=3HS?+2Al(OH)? 2332232239.3CuS+8HNO=3Cu(NO)+3S?+2NO?+4HO 332210.ZnS+
22、2HCl=ZnCl+HS? 11.FeSFeS+S 22213.FeS+12HNO)+HSO+9NO?+5HO 浓3()=Fe(NO332422硫的含氧酸盐 1.NaSO+SNaSO 2.2NaSO+O=2NaSO 23223232243.NaSO+2AgNO=AgSO?+2NaNO 2332334.2KAl(SO)+6NH?HO=3(NH)SO+KSO+2Al(OH)? 42324242435.MgSO+2NaOH=Mg(OH)?+NaSO 6.CaSO+NaCO=CaCO?+NaSO 42244233247.CaSO+Ba(NO)=Ca(NO)+BaSO? 8.Al(SO)+6HO2A(O
23、H)+3HSO 43232424323249.Al(SO)+6NH?HO=2Al(OH)?+3(NH)SO 24332342410.(NH)SO+Ca(OH)CaSO+2NH?+2HO 424243211.3(NH)SON?+4NH?+6HO+3SO? 424232212.CuSO+Fe=Cu+FeSO 13.CuSO+2NaOH=Cu(OH)?+NaSO 44422414.CuSO+Ba(NO)=Cu(NO)+BaSO? 15.ZnSO+2NaOH=Zn(OH)?+NaSO 432324422416.ZnSO+4NaOH=NaZnO+NaSO+2HO 17.CuSO?5HOCuSO+5HO
24、424222424218.FeSO?7HOFeSO+7HO 19.Fe(SO)+Fe=3FeSO 42422434硒碲的单质 1.Se+HHSe 2.Se+OSeO 2222硒碲氢化物和氧化物 1.SeO+HOHSeO 2.HSeO+NH=(NH)SeO 22232434243.HSeO+2NaOH=NaSeO+2HO 4.Te+OTeO 5.HTeH+Te 2323222226.HTe+2NaOH=NaTe+2HO 7.TeO+HO=HTeO 8.TeO+2NaOH=NaTeO+HO 22222232232氮族单质及其化合物 氮单质 3.N+3Ca CaN 4.N+3Mg MgN 5.N+6
25、Li=2LiN 23223223氮的氢化物 2. 4NH+3O2N+6HO 3222赵超 第 6 页 2013-3-10第 6 页 共 11 页 4. 8NH(过量)+3ClN+6NHCl 5. 2NH(液)+2Na=2NaNH+H? 3224322-+7.2NH+3CuO3Cu+N+3HO 8.NH+HONH?HONH+OH 322323249.4NH+Zn(OH)=Zn(NH)(OH) 10.4NH+Cu(OH)=Cu(NH)(OH) 323423234211.NH+HNO=NHNO 12.3NH+2HPO=(NH)HPO+NHHPO(安福粉) .3NH+HPO=(NH)PO 14.2NH
26、+HSO=(NH)SO 334434324424氮的氧化物 1.2NO(笑气)2N+O 2.2NO+O=2NO 222223.NO+NO+HO=2HNO 4.NO+NO+2NaOH=2NaNO+HO 2222225.NO+2KOH=2KNO+HO 6.2NO(红棕)NO(无色) 23222247.3NO+HO=2HNO+NO 8.2NO+2NaOH=NaNO+NaNO+HO 22323229.2NO=4NO+O 10.NO+HO=2HNO 11.NO+2KOH=2KNO+HO 252225232532氨水 1.NH?HONH?HO 2.NH?HO+HS=NHHS+HO 323232242氰化物
27、 1.2HCN(无水)+2Li=2LiCN+H? 2.HCN+NaOH=NaCN+HO 22氮的含氧酸 2.2HNONO?+HO+O? 3.5HNO+3P+2HO=3HPO+5NO? 3232232344.5HNO(浓)+3As+2HO=3HAsO+5NO? 5.4HNO(浓)+C4NO?+2HO+CO? 323432227.8HNO(稀)+3Cu=3Cu(NO)?+2NO?+4HO 8.4HNO(浓)+Cu=Cu(NO)+2NO?+2HO 3322332229.4HNO(稀)+3Ag=3AgNO+NO?+2HO 10.2HNO(浓)+Ag=AgNO+NO?+HO 332332211.10HN
28、O(稀)+4Zn=4Zn(NO)+NHNO+3HO 33243212.10HNO(稀)+4Zn=4Zn(NO)+NO?+5HO 3322213.8HNO(稀)+3Zn=3Zn(NO)+2NO?+4HO 332214.4HNO(浓)+Zn=Zn(NO)+2NO?+2HO 3322215.8HNO(冷稀)+6Hg=3Hg(NO)+2NO?+4HO 3232216.8HNO(热稀)+3Hg=3Hg(NO)+2NO?+4HO 17.4HNO(浓)+Hg=Hg(NO)+2NO?+2HO 33223322218.6HNO(浓)+Fe=Fe(NO)+3NO?+3HO 19.4HNO(稀)+Fe=Fe(NO)
29、+NO?+2HO 33322333220.4HNO+Ni=Ni(NO)+2NO?+2HO 21.2HNO(浓)+PO=NO+2HPO 3322232525322.2HNO+MgO=Mg(NO)+HO 23.6HNO(浓)+AlOZAl(NO)+3HO 332232333224.2HNO+CuO=Cu(NO)+HO 25.10HNO(浓)+3FeO=3Fe(NO)+NO?+5HO 3322333226.HNO+NaOH=NaNO+HO 27.2HNO+Ca(OH)=Ca(NO)+2HO 3323232228.3HNO+Al(OH)=Al(NO)+3HO 29.2HNO+Cu(OH)=Cu(NO)
30、+2HO 333323232230.2HNO+CaCO=Ca(NO)+HO+CO? 31.6HNO+4NH=2N+3NO+9HO 3332222322232.HNO+AgNO=AgNO?+HNO 2323赵超 第 7 页 2013-3-10第 7 页 共 11 页 氮化物 1.MgN+6HO=3Mg(OH)?+2NH? 2.CaN+6HO=3Ca(OH)+2NH? 32223322233.NaCN+HONaOH+HCN 4.KCN+S=KSCN 25.4FeCl+3KFe(CN)=FeFe(CN)?+12KCl 普鲁士蓝 3464636.3FeCl+2KFe(CN)=FeFe(CN)?+6KC
31、l 滕士蓝 236362硝酸盐 1.NaNO+HSO(浓)NaHSO+HNO? 2.2NaNO2NaNO+O? 324433223.2AgNO2Ag+2NO?+O? 4.2Pb(NO)2PbO+4NO?+O? 32232225.2Cu(NO)2CuO+4NO?+O? 6.NHNO=NH?+HNO(较低温分解) 322243337.2NHNO=2N?+4HO+O?(突然加热至高温) 8.2NHNON?+2NO?+4HO 4322243229.3NHNO2N?+NO+6HO 10.4NHNO3N?+2NO?+8HO 4322324322211.5NHNO4N?+2HNO+9HO 12.NHNO=N
32、O?+2HO(190?300?) 43232432213.2AgNO+Cu=2Ag+Cu(NO) 14.2AgNO+2NaOH=2NaNO+AgO?+HO 332332215.3AgNO+NaPO=3NaNO+AgPO? 16.NHHCONH?+HO+CO? 33433443322磷单质 1.4P+3O=2PO (不充分燃烧) 2.4P+5O=2PO (充分燃烧) 2232253.4P+5O+6HO=4HPO 4.2P+MgMgP 5.2P+3CaCaP 223432326.2P+5FeO+3CaO=5Fe+Ca(PO) 7.4P+3KOH+3HO=3KHPO+PH? 34222238.PH+
33、2OHPO 3234磷的氧化物 1.PO+3HO=2HPO 2.PO+5C2P+5CO 3.PO+HO=2HPO(冷水) 232332525234.PO+3HO=2HPO(热水) 5.PO+2HO=HPO(焦磷酸) 25234252427磷酸 1.2HPOHPO+HO 2.2HPO+CaO=Ca(HPO)+HO 3442723424223.HPO+NaOH=NaHPO+HO 4.2HPO+Ca(OH)=Ca(HPO)+2HO 3424234224225.HPO+Ba(OH)=BaHPO?+2HO 6.HPO+NaCO=NaHPO+HO+CO? 34242342324227.4HPO+Ca(PO
34、)=3Ca(HPO) 8.HPO+CaHPO=Ca(HPO) 34342242344242磷化物 1.MgP+6HO=2PH?+3Mg(OH)? 2.CaP+6HO=2PH?+3Ca(OH) 3223232232磷酸盐 1.NaHPO+NaOH=NaHPO+HO 2.NaHPO+NaOH=NaPO+HO 24242243423.NaPO+HO=NaHPO+NaOH 4.Ca(HPO)+2Ca(OH)=Ca(PO)?+4HO 34224242234225.(NH)PO3NH?+HPO 434334砷锑铋单质及其化合物 赵超 第 8 页 2013-3-10第 8 页 共 11 页 1.4As+3O
35、2AsO 2.2As+6NaOH=2NaAsO+3H? 2233323.2AsH2As+3H? 4.AsO+3HO=2HAsO 32232335.AsO+2NaOH+HO=2NaHAsO 6.4Sb+3O2SbO 232232238.4Bi+3O2BiO 9.BiO+3C2Bi+3CO? 22323碳族单质及其化合物 碳单质 1.C+O(充足)=CO 2.2C+O(不充足)2CO 2227.C+2CuO2Cu+CO? 8.C+CuO2Cu+CO? 9.3C+2FeO4Fe+3CO? 2223210.C+FeOFe+CO? 11.C+2PbO2Pb+CO? 2碳的氧化物 1.2CO+O2CO 2
36、.CO+CuOCu+CO 3.3CO+FeO2Fe+3CO 2222324.CO+2Mg2MgO+C 5.CO+2Cu+HO+O=Cu(OH)CO 22222236.3CO+4Fe+3HO+3O=Fe(CO)?2Fe(OH) 22223337.CO+HOHCO 8.2CO+2NaO=2NaCO+O? 9.CO+CaO=CaCO 23222232232210.CO+2NaOH=NaCO+HO 11.CO+Ba(OH)=BaCO?+HO 12.CO+2KOH=KCO+HO 22322232223213.CO+Ca(OH)=CaCO?+HO 14.CO+CaCO+HO=Ca(HCO) 2232232
37、32碳的氧化物 1.2CO+O2CO 2.CO+CuOCu+CO 3.3CO+FeO2Fe+3CO 2222324.CO+2Mg2MgO+C 5.CO+2Cu+HO+O=Cu(OH)CO 22222236.3CO+4Fe+3HO+3O=Fe(CO)?2Fe(OH) 22223337.CO+HOHCO 8.2CO+2NaO=2NaCO+O? 9.CO+CaO=CaCO 22232222322310.CO+2NaOH=NaCO+HO 11.CO+Ba(OH)=BaCO?+HO 2232223212.CO+2KOH=KCO+HO 13.CO+Ca(OH)=CaCO?+HO 2232223214.CO
38、+CaCO+HO=Ca(HCO) 23232赵超 第 9 页 2013-3-10第 9 页 共 11 页 碳酸盐 1.MgCOMgO+CO? 32CaO+CO? 3.CaCO324.NaCO+HONaHCO+NaOH 5.NaCO+SiONaSiO+CO? 23232322326.NaCO+Ca(OH)=2NaOH+CaCO? 7.NaCO+Ba(OH)=2NaOH+BaCO? 232323239.2NaHCONaCO+HO+CO? 10.NaHCO+HONaOH+HCO 323223223MgCO+HO+CO? 11.NaHCO+NaOH=NaCO+HO 12.Mg(HCO)32323232
39、213.Mg(HCO)+2Ca(OH)=Mg(OH)?+2CaCO?+2HO 32223214.CaCO+SiOCaSiO+CO? 15.Ca(HCO)+Ca(OH)=2CaCO?+2HO 323232232硅、锗、锡、铅单质及其化合物 SiO 2.Si+2FeOSiO+2Fe 1.Si+O2223.Si+2NaOH+HONaSiO+2H? 4.SiO+2MgSi+2MgO 223225.3SiO+4Al2AlO+3Si 6.SiO+CaOCaSiO 223237.SiO+2NaOHNaSiO+HO 8.SiH+2O=SiO+2HO(在空气中自燃) 223242229.HSiO=HSiO+HO
40、 10.HSiOSiO+HO 44232232211.2HSiO+3Ca(OH)=Ca(HSiO)+6HO 12.NaSiO+2HO2NaOH+HSiO 44234222322313.NaSiO+2HCl=HSiO?+2NaCl 14.Ge+OGeO 23232215.HSnOSnO+HO 16.2Pb+O2PbO 17.PbO+HPb+HO 2322222碱金属单质及其化合物 锂单质及其化合物 1.2Li+H2LiH 2.4Li+O2LiO 3.2Li+2HO(冷)=2LiOH+H? 222224.LiO+HO=2LiOH 22钠单质及其化合物 1.4Na+O=2NaO(空气中) 2.2Na
41、+ONaO 3.2Na+H2NaH 2222224.2Na+2HO=2NaOH+H? 5.NaH+HO=NaOH+H? 6.NaO+HO=2NaOH 2222227.2NaO+2HO=4NaOH+O? 8.2NaO+2CO=2NaCO+O 22222222329.4NaOH4Na+2HO+O? 10.2NaOH+2Al+2HO=2NaAlO+3H? 22222赵超 第 10 页 2013-3-10第 10 页 共 11 页 11.2NaOH+Zn+2HO=NaZn(OH)+H? 12.2NaOH+AlO=2NaAlO+HO 2242232213.2NaOH+ZnO=NaZnO+HO 14.Na
42、OH+HAlO=NaAlO+2HO 222332215.2NaOH+Zn(OH)=NaZnO+2HO 2222钾、铷、铯单质及其化合物 1.4K+O=2KO(空气中) 2.2K+O=KO(127?以上缓缓进行) 222223.2K+2OKO(纯氧中) 4.2K+2HO=2KOH+H? 224225.2KO+2HO=4KOH+O? 6.2KOH+AlO=2KAlO+HO 222223227.2KMnOKMnO+MnO+O? 8.2Rb+2HO=2RbOH+H? 42422229.2Cs+O=CsO(室温) 10.2Cs+2HO=2CsOH+H? 11.CsO+HO=2CsOH 2222222铍、
43、镁、钙、锶、钡单质及其化合物 铍单质及化合物 1.2Be+O2BeO 2.Be+HO(气)=BeO+H? 3.Be+2HCl=BeCl+H? 22222BeO+HO 5.Be(OH)+2NaOH=NaBeO+2HO 4.Be(OH)222222镁单质及其化合物 1.2Mg+O2MgO 2.Mg+HO(气)MgO+H? 3.Mg+ClMgCl 222224.Mg+SMgS 5.3Mg+NMgN 6.2Mg+CO2MgO+C 23227.Mg+2HCl=MgCl+H? 229.MgCl?6HOMg(OH)Cl+HCl?+5HO 10.MgCl+2NaOH=Mg(OH)?+2NaCl 2222211
44、.MgN+6HO=3Mg(OH)?+2NH? 32223钙单质及其化合物 1. Ca+HCaH 2. 2Ca+O=2CaO 3. Ca+2HOCa(OH)+H? 2222224. CaO+HO=Ca(OH) 22锶钡单质及其化合物 1.2Sr+O2SrO 23.2Ba+O2BaO 25.BaO+HO=Ba(OH) 6.BaCO+2HCl=BaCl+HO+CO? 223222（2）交点式：y=a(x-x1)(x-x2)7.BaCO+2HNO=Ba(NO)+CO?+HO 8.BaCOBaO+CO? 33322232硼、铝、镓、铟、铊单质及其化合物 硼单质及其化合物 1.4B(无定形)+3O2BO
45、2.BO+3HO=2HBO 3.2HBOBO+3HO 2232323333232铝单质及其化合物1.4Al+3O=2AlO 2.2Al+6HO=3H?+2Al(OH)(去掉氧化膜) 2232233.2Al+CrOAlO+2Cr 4.10Al+3VO5AlO+6V 5.2Al+CrOAlO+2Cr 232325232323赵超 第 11 页 2013-3-10第 11 页 共 11 页 6.2Al+MoOAlO+Mo 7.2Al+WOAlO+W 8.4Al+3MnO2AlO+3Mn 3233232239.8Al+3MnO4AlO+9Mn 10.2Al+FeOAlO+2Fe 3423232311.
46、8Al+3FeO4AlO+9Fe 12.2AlO4Al+3O? 13.2Al(OH)AlO+3HO 34232323232镓、铟、铊单质 经过不在同一直线上的三点,能且仅能作一个圆.1.4Ga+3O2GaO 2.4In+3O2InO 3.4Tl+3O2TlO 223223223铜、银、锌、汞、铁单质及其化合物 铜单质及其化合物 1.2Cu+O2CuO 20 抛物线与x轴有2个交点；4.Cu(OH)CuO+HO 5.Cu(OH)CO2CuO+CO?+HO 2222322银单质及其化合物 sin2.AgO+CHCHO2Ag+CHCOOH 233锌、汞单质及化合物 186.257.1期末总复习及考试
47、2.Zn+HO(气)=ZnO+H? 3.ZnO+2HCl=ZnCl+HO 2222切线的性质定理:圆的切线垂直于过切点的半径.4.Zn(OH)ZnO+HO 5.Zn(OH)+2HCl=ZnCl+2HO 22222圆内接四边形的性质: 圆内接四边形的对角互补;2+-+-6.Zn+2OH Zn(OH)H+HZnO 7.2Hg+O2HgO 2228.2HgO2Hg+O? 9.HgCl+Cu=Hg+CuCl 222如果一条直线具备下列三个条件中的任意两个,就可推出第三个.铁单质及其化合物 1.2Fe+O2FeO(氧不足) 2.4Fe+3O2FeO 22233.3Fe+2OFeO 4.3Fe+4HO(气)=FeO+4H? 5.FeO+4H3Fe+4HO 23423423422（1) 与圆相关的概念：6.4FeO+O6FeO 7.4Fe(OH)+2HO+O=4Fe(OH) 8.2Fe(OH)FeO+3HO 3422322233232其它 其它(过氧化氢、臭氧、水) 2.正弦：1.2HO=2HO+O? 2.3O2O 3.2O=3O 4.2HO2H?+O? 222223322225.2H+O2HO 222