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1、Unit Four,Run Like the Wind,Teaching plan Situation: Night talk in the dorm Pattern: Oral Situation: The job fair Pattern: Writing Situation: In the PE class Pattern: Debate,Task1: Personal interests,Task2: An application letter,Task3: Interest and job,BI,Background Information,Running,Physical Fitn
2、ess,Benefits of Exercise,Calories Burned During Exercise,BI_running1,Running has been around as long as humans have, but it did not become a popular activity for the masses until the 1970s. American physician Kenneth Coopers book Aerobics (1968) is considered one of the first inspirations for this g
3、rowth. The book demonstrated the considerable health gains that could be derived from regular workouts that emphasized cardiovascular fitness. Other people credit American Frank Shorter and his gold medal in the marathon at the 1972 Olympics with sparking a surge of interest in running. In the years
4、 following his win, a number of books and periodicals devoted to running emerged. Today running is firmly established as both a recreational pursuit and a training tool; it is practiced by millions of people to get in shape, stay fit, and have fun.,Running,BI_running2,There are many different kinds
5、of runners, from casual joggers to regular race runners to ultra marathoners who run 100 miles at a time. Each runner should have a specific training regimen tailored to the individuals goals and abilities. A good schedule for a beginner is to run 20 minutes at a time, every other day. Occasionally,
6、 additional time off is needed because of illness or injury. Depending on the length of the break, it is often advisable to work back into a regular workout gradually, rather than jumping back into the normal routine immediately. In the short term, there are techniques that can help a runner perform
7、 better. Mixing in higher speed workouts is one strategy, but this can lead to injury unless the individual builds up to them gradually. Hill and trail running builds strength, and weightlifting can also help. Massage and whirlpools can help muscles recover faster between workouts. A healthy diet is
8、 also beneficial. Some distance runners find that eating foods high in carbohydrates (such as pasta) in the days before a big race provides their bodies with more fuel.,BI_running3,Many runners will at some point want to enter a race, to push themselves and to perhaps see how they compare with other
9、 runners at their age and experience level. Many areas have a variety of local 5-or 10-km (3.1mi or 6.2mi) road runs. To finish a 5-kilometer (or 5K) race, the runner should be able to run up to 30 minutes at a time in training.,BI_Physcial fitness,Physical fitness is the ability of the human body t
10、o function with vigor and alertness, without undue fatigue, and with ample energy to engage in leisure activities, and to meet physical stresses. The level of physical fitness can be influenced by regular, systematic exercise. Exercises that demand total body involvement improve and maintain fitness
11、 most effectively-for example, jogging, running, swimming, vigorous dancing, cycling, and brisk walking. Normal, healthy individuals may plan their own exercise programs. The general rule is to exercise only until discomfort is experienced-that is, until breathing becomes labored, circulation seems
12、inadequate, or fatigue influences performance. People with health problems caused by heart attacks, strokes, and illness should see a physician before devising an exercise program.,Physical Fitness,Proper nutrition is also important to physical fitness, because energy expenditure depends on nutritio
13、n. If diet is inadequate, the fitness level will drop.,BI_Benefits of Exercise1,The benefits of exercise are far reaching. Studies have demonstrated that regular aerobic exercise reduces the risk of death due to heart disease and stroke, aids in reducing weight, helps prevent diabetes mellitus, stre
14、ngthens bones, and enhances immune function. The psychological benefits are also broad, and most studies suggest a positive relationship between physical fitness and mental achievement. The relationship between regular aerobic exercise and cardiovascular health and longevity is well established. Reg
15、ular exercise leads to a reduction in the risk of coronary heart disease, in which fatty deposits (plaque) form in blood vessels supplying the muscular wall of the heart, compromising oxygen delivery to the heart muscle. In addition, with regular exercise the efficiency of the heart during exercise
16、is increased. Many people exercise to lose weight. A calorie is a unit that measures the energy content of foods and the energy expenditure by the body. When the,Benefits of Exercise,BI_Benefits of Exercise2,daily calorie intake from food is the same as calories expended from exercise, weight remain
17、s the same. The number of calories burned during exercise varies greatly with the type of physical activity, but the key to successful weight reduction is to exercise regularly, without increasing food intake proportionally. One area of controversy has been how much exercise is enough to improve gen
18、eral health, reduce the risk of heart disease, and increase longevity. Meaningful studies on this topic are very difficult to perform because they require large populations of subjects and many years of data collection, and because poor health sometimes results in limitations to physical activity. D
19、espite these difficulties, it is clear that regular exercise, along with a generally healthy lifestyle, is beneficial. People who have sedentary lifestyles make up half the population of industrialized societies, and this group has the most to gain by exercising.,BI_Calories Burned During Exercise1,
20、The table below shows calories burned per hour for different activities. The amount of calories used during physical activity depends on a persons body mass and the intensity of the activity.,Calories Burned During Exercise,BI_Calories Burned During Exercise2,Calories Burned During Exercise,Reading
21、& Writing,Text A Run Like the Wind,Text A Exercises,Practical writing,starter,Starter,Text A,For many of us, running like the wind sounds like a dream that may never come true. How fast can you run? Talk to your classmates and find out who is the best runner. Ask the best runner to tell you how he o
22、r she manages to do it.,The name of the best runner is .He/She can run 100 meters in seconds.He/She can run so fast because .,_,_,_,Now read the following passage and find out what advice the author gives us in order to run fast.,articler1,Run Like the Wind,Text A,Kristen Hoel,1 Not many kids know t
23、his, but a person can actually learn how to run faster. Its true. Even the slowest person on the playground can become a fast runner by learning and practicing running techniques. Heres how!,N,Articler2-5,Text A,The Basic Skills,2 There are two basic skills needed for running: speed and endurance.3
24、Speed is the measure of how fast a person can run.4 Endurance is the measure of how far a person can run.,5 Most sports require athletes to be skilled at both speed and endurance. Football players, for example, use speed when making a play and endurance to be able to run up and down the field for an
25、 entire game. Both speed and endurance can be learned.,?,N,N,Articler6-10,Text A,The Secrets of Speed,6 To run fast, an athlete must use a special running technique known as sprinting. Heres how it works: 7 First, think of the foot as four separate parts: 1. heel, 2. arch, 3. pad, 4. toes. 8 When sp
26、rinting, the athlete uses only two parts, the pad and the toes. The athlete strikes the ground with the pad of the foot, then pushes off with the toes. (The heels never touch the ground!) By using only these two parts, the steps are quicker, and the speed is increased.9 Another part of sprinting tec
27、hnique is the use of the arms. It may sound silly, but the arms actually do help us run faster. 10 A young athlete can increase his speed by practicing the sprinting technique in his backyard or playground. It may take some time to perfect, but as with any other athletic skill, the more often one pr
28、actices, the better one becomes!,?,N,N,N,Articler11-14,Text A,The Keys to Endurance,11 The second running skill is endurance. An athlete needs good endurance to be able to run for a long time without getting tired. This is a very important skill in most sports. 12 The key to endurance running is to
29、conserve energy. This means using as little energy as needed to move oneself forward. As with sprinting, there is a technique runners use to help them become better endurance runners. This technique is known as the gravity pull technique. Heres how it works: 13 First, the athlete leans forward just
30、enough so that he has to keep stepping forward to keep from falling. Second, he swings his arms long, to keep his balance. Finally and heres the tricky part he stays in that position for the entire course of the run! 14 It takes quite a bit of practice to become skilled at this technique. However, b
31、y running this way, the athlete uses the pull of gravity to move forward, rather than having to use his own energy to push himself forward. Isnt that clever?,?,N,N,N,Articler15,Text A,Conclusion,15 Athletes in nearly every sport use both speed and endurance. The nice thing is that anybody can become
32、 a better athlete by studying and practicing these running techniques. The funny thing is that hardly anyone knows this! (483 words),?,N,Articler1_popwin_Kristen Hoel,Kristen Hoel / / 克里斯坦赫尔,Language Points,Articler1_popwin_kid,Language Points,kid /: n. child or young person 小孩；年轻人,Articler1_popwin_
33、actually,Language Points,actually /: ad. really; in fact 实际上,e.g.,I didnt actually see her I just heard her voice. Actually, Im busy at the moment can I phone you back?,我实际上并没有看见她，我只是听见她的声音。,说实在的，我现在正忙着我给你回电话行吗？,Articler1_popwin_S_Even the,Language Points,Even the slowest person on the playground ca
34、n become a fast runner by learning and practicing running techniques. 即使运动场上跑得最慢的人也可以通过学习和练习跑的技术成为一个跑得快的人。句中的介词by + 动名词短语 (learning and practicing running techniques)作状语，表示方式。课文中多处使用这种结构。如第八段中：By using only the two parts, the steps are quicker, and the speed is increased. 第十段中：A young athlete can in
35、crease his speed by practicing the sprinting technique in his backyard or playground. 以及最后一段中：The nice thing is that anybody can become a better athlete by studying and practicing these running techniques.,Articler1_popwin_playground,Language Points,layground / /: n. area of land where children play
36、, e.g. as part of a school (学校的)操场，运动场,Articler1_popwin_runner,Language Points,runner / /: n. person or animal that runs; one taking part in a race 奔跑的人（或动物）；赛跑的人（或动物）,Articler1_popwin_technique,Language Points,technique /: n. method of doing or performing sth. 技术；方法；手段,farming techniques She is wor
37、king with her piano teacher to improve her technique.,e.g.,农业技术,她正在钢琴老师的帮助下提高自己的演奏技巧。,Articler2-5_popwin_Q,1) What are the two basic skills needed for running?,2) What is speed? And what is endurance?,Speed and endurance.,Speed is the measure of how fast a person can run. Endurance is the measure of
38、 how far a person can run.,3) How do athletes, football players, for example, use speed and endurance in sports?,Athletes, football players, for example, use speed when making a play and endurance to be able to run up and down the field for an entire game.,Articler2-5_popwin_S_There are,Language Poi
39、nts,There are two basic skills needed for running: speed and endurance. = There are two basic skills that / which are needed for running: speed and endurance.,Articler2-5_popwin_basic,Language Points,basic /: a. simplest or lowest in level 基本的,e.g.,basic requirementsthe basic vocabulary of EnglishMy
40、 knowledge of physics is pretty basic.,基本要求,英语基础词汇,我的物理知识相当肤浅。,Articler2-5_popwin_speed,Language Points,speed /: n. rate at which sb./sth. moves 速度；速率,e.g.,the speed of light drive at a speed of 60 miles an hour,光速,以每小时60英里的速度行驶,Articler2-5_popwin_require,Language Points,require /wa/: vt. depend on
41、(sb./sth.) for success, fulfillment, etc.; need 有赖于；需要,e.g.,We require extra help. This radio requires two batteries.,我们需要额外的帮助。,这台收音机需要两节电池。,Articler2-5_popwin_S_Football players ,Language Points,Football players, for example, use speed when making a play and endurance to be able to run up and down
42、 the field for an entire game.,句中when making a play 实际上是一个省略了主语和助动词be的状语从句，即应为 when they are making a play，表示时间。使用此结构，从句中被省略的主语就是主句的主语。课文中相似的例子还有第八段：When sprinting, the athlete uses only two parts, the pad and the toes.,例如，足球运动员在做动作时要用速度，而要在整场比赛中能在球场上来回奔跑则需要耐力。,Articler2-5_popwin_athlete,Language Po
43、ints,athlete /: n. person who trains to compete in physical exercises and sports 运动员,Articler2-5_popwin_skilled,Language Points,skilled / /: a. having skill; skilful 有技能的；熟练的,Articler2-5_popwin_up and down,Language Points,up and down: backwards and forwards along (sth.) 来来回回；往返地,e.g.,running up and
44、down the roadHes walking up and down outside our house.,沿着马路来回跑,他在我们的屋子外面走来走去。,Articler2-5_popwin_entire,Language Points,entire /: a. with no part left out; whole; complete 全部的；整个的,e.g.,She spent the entire day in bed.The entire family was looking at him.,她整天都躺在床上。,一家子人都看着他。,Articler2-5_popwin_for e
45、xample,Language Points,for example: as an example 例如,Articler6-10_popwin_Q,4) Which parts of the foot do runners use when employing the sprinting technique? What is the effect（效果，作用）of this?,5) Does the sprinting technique only involve（包含）the right use of ones foot?,They use only two parts of the fo
46、ot the pad and the toes. By using these two parts, the steps are quicker, and the speed is increased.,No, it doesnt. It also involves the use of arms.,6) How can athletes perfect their sprinting skill?,Athletes can perfect their sprinting skill by practice. The more often they practice, the better t
47、hey become.,Articler6-10_popwin_special,special /: a. not common, usual, or general 特殊的；特别的,What are your special interests? Shes a very special friend of mine.,e.g.,Language Points,你有什么特别爱好？,她是我的一个非常特殊的朋友。,Articler6-10_popwin_S_To run fast,Language Points,To run fast, an athlete must use a special
48、running technique known as sprinting. 句中 known as sprinting 为过去分词短语作定语, 修饰 technique。,Article6-10_popwin_sprint,Language Points,sprint /: v. & n. (短距离的)全速奔跑；冲刺,Articler6-10_popwin_known as,Language Points,known as: called or labeled as 被称为，被标明为,e.g.,a heavyweight boxer known as “The Greatest” This a
49、rea is known as the “Sun Island”.,一名被称为“大力士”的重量级拳击手,这个地区被称为“太阳岛”。,Articler6-10_popwin_think of as:,Language Points,think of as: regard as 把看作,e.g.,I will always think of Shanghai as my second hometown. They all thought of him as an excellent teacher.,我将永远把上海看作我的第二故乡。,他们都认为他是一个优秀的教师。,Articler6-10_pop
50、win_separate,Language Points,separate / /: 1. a. forming a unit by itself; existing apart 单独存在的；分开的,e.g.,The children sleep in separate beds. The flat consists of four separate rooms.,2. / / v. divide; (cause to) come apart（使）分开；（使）分隔,孩子都睡在各自的床上。,那套公寓有四个单间。,Articler6-10_popwin_ heel,Language Points,