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1、第11课时八年级(下)Unit 5观察内容的选择，我本着先静后动，由近及远的原则，有目的、有计划的先安排与幼儿生活接近的，能理解的观察内容。随机观察也是不可少的，是相当有趣的，如蜻蜓、蚯蚓、毛毛虫等，孩子一边观察，一边提问，兴趣很浓。我提供的观察对象，注意形象逼真，色彩鲜明，大小适中，引导幼儿多角度多层面地进行观察，保证每个幼儿看得到，看得清。看得清才能说得正确。在观察过程中指导。我注意帮助幼儿学习正确的观察方法，即按顺序观察和抓住事物的不同特征重点观察，观察与说话相结合，在观察中积累词汇，理解词汇，如一次我抓住时机，引导幼儿观察雷雨，雷雨前天空急剧变化，乌云密布，我问幼儿乌云是什么样子的，有
2、的孩子说：乌云像大海的波浪。有的孩子说“乌云跑得飞快。”我加以肯定说“这是乌云滚滚。”当幼儿看到闪电时，我告诉他“这叫电光闪闪。”接着幼儿听到雷声惊叫起来，我抓住时机说：“这就是雷声隆隆。”一会儿下起了大雨，我问：“雨下得怎样?”幼儿说大极了，我就舀一盆水往下一倒，作比较观察，让幼儿掌握“倾盆大雨”这个词。雨后，我又带幼儿观察晴朗的天空，朗诵自编的一首儿歌：“蓝天高，白云飘，鸟儿飞，树儿摇，太阳公公咪咪笑。”这样抓住特征见景生情，幼儿不仅印象深刻，对雷雨前后气象变化的词语学得快，记得牢，而且会应用。我还在观察的基础上，引导幼儿联想，让他们与以往学的词语、生活经验联系起来，在发展想象力中发展语言
3、。如啄木鸟的嘴是长长的，尖尖的，硬硬的，像医生用的手术刀样，给大树开刀治病。通过联想，幼儿能够生动形象地描述观察对象。 一、单项选择宋以后，京师所设小学馆和武学堂中的教师称谓皆称之为“教谕”。至元明清之县学一律循之不变。明朝入选翰林院的进士之师称“教习”。到清末，学堂兴起，各科教师仍沿用“教习”一称。其实“教谕”在明清时还有学官一意，即主管县一级的教育生员。而相应府和州掌管教育生员者则谓“教授”和“学正”。“教授”“学正”和“教谕”的副手一律称“训导”。于民间，特别是汉代以后，对于在“校”或“学”中传授经学者也称为“经师”。在一些特定的讲学场合，比如书院、皇室，也称教师为“院长、西席、讲席”等
4、。 1.(2018上海)The debate on whether to keep petsforty minutes yesterday afternoon. 要练说，得练看。看与说是统一的，看不准就难以说得好。练看，就是训练幼儿的观察能力，扩大幼儿的认知范围，让幼儿在观察事物、观察生活、观察自然的活动中，积累词汇、理解词义、发展语言。在运用观察法组织活动时，我着眼观察于观察对象的选择，着力于观察过程的指导，着重于幼儿观察能力和语言表达能力的提高。 A.last B.lasted C.will last D.has lasted2.(2018安徽)The fridges are on sal
5、e in the supermarket today.Really?Lets go and buyfor our new kitchen.A.oneB.itC.thatD.them3.(2018云南)I like the named The World of English very much.Me, too. I have read it for many years.A.gameB.programC.movieD.magazine4.(2018河南中原名校中考第二次大联考)As an old saying goes,“Life is like a mirror.you smile at i
6、t,it will smile back.”A.UnlessB.WhenC.UntilD.Though5.(2018河南焦作一模)Which of the following sentences is correct?A.I like hang out with my friends.B.Russians will come to the party.C.He can ride the bike to school everyday.D.I do my homework,I still stay at home.6.(2019吉林长春)Is the man in the car John?No
7、, it be him. He went to Xian on business yesterday.A.cantB.mustC.mustntD.could7.Doing housework helps to develop our .A.independenceB.independentC.dependenceD.dependent8.To our , the little girl is the first to go to bed.A.surprisesB.surpriseC.surprised9.Dear,you need toby next week to go to univers
8、ity at home or to go abroad.You are going on eighteen.OK,Mum.I am considering it.A.make an appointmentB.make a suggestionC.make a decision10.Tell me one thing youre proud of in your junior high school,Tony.Ias captain of the school football team.A.chooseB.choseC.am chosenD.was chosen11.(原创)Today we
9、had a parents meeting,but some students parents didnt.A.show offB.show upC.show throughD.show around12.He is too heavy.He has decidedsome exercise to keep healthy.A.to take B.not to take C.take13.(原创)Li Lei is as at running as me.A.betterB.badC.wellD.good14.(原创)Could you please so much noise?Sorry,I
10、 wont do that.A.not makingB.dont makeC.not makeD.not to make15.(原创)He will write to you as soon as he there.A.gotB.getsC.will getD.get二、完形填空(2018四川成都)There was once a wise old lady who lived on a hill. All the children used to go and ask her questions. She always gave them 1 answers.There was a litt
11、le boy among the children. One day he caught a little bird and held it in his hands without anybody seeing it. Suddenly he had an idea and asked his friends to 2.“Lets 3 the old lady,” he said. “Ill ask her what Im holding in my hands. Of course, shell answer that I have a bird. Then Ill ask her if
12、the bird is alive or dead. If she says the bird is dead, then lll 4 my hands and let the bird fly away. If she says the bird is alive, Ill quickly 5 it and show her the dead bird. Either way,shell be 6.”The children agreed this was a clever plan. So 7 the hill they all went to the old ladys house.“G
13、ranny, we have a 8 for you,”they all shouted.“Whats in my hands?”the little boy asked.“Why, of course it must be a bird,”the old lady replied.“But is it alive or dead?”the boy asked 9.All the boys 10 her answer and got ready to laugh at her.The old lady thought for a moment and then replied, “Its up
14、 to you, my child. If youre kind enough, itll be alive.”1.A.funnyB.perfectC.impolite2.A.play with itB.go back home C.go with him3.A.play a trick onB.make friends with C.pay a visit to4.A.openB.raiseC.shake5.A.saveB.freeC.kill6.A.rightB.wrongC.wise7.A.upB.downC.across8.A.questionB.birdC.present9.A.ca
15、lmlyB.worriedlyC.excitedly10.A.listened toB.waited forC.thought of三、阅读理解(2018湖南长沙)After wandering(闲逛)around in the city for a long time, Tom finally found himself standing in front of the palace. He looked through its golden gate, hoping to take a look at a real prince(王子).There were some guards(卫兵)
16、standing at both sides of the gate. Tom, dressed badly, was moving nervously past them when he suddenly caught sight of a well-dressed boy who was followed by several servants. He was no doubt the prince!Tom was excited. He wanted to get close to the prince and have a good look at him. However, a gu
17、ard saw him and stopped him rudely(粗鲁地).The young prince, whose name was Edward, was angry with the guard for his rudeness. He asked the guard to open the gate and took Tom to his room in the palace.The two boys became good friends. They even exchanged their clothes after Tom told Edward that he had
18、 dreamt about dressing like a prince. As they stood side by side in front of a great mirror, they were surprised to find that they looked almost like twins!The two boys were in each others clothes when Edward suddenly noticed a bruise(瘀伤)on Toms hand. He soon realized that it was caused by the guard
19、 who had stopped Tom rudely. In a moment, the young prince ran out of the room. He decided to punish the guard.However, the guard didnt realize that the prince was in Toms old worn clothes. He hit Edward heavily on the ear and threw him out of the palace.1.Why did Tom look through the gate of the pa
20、lace?A.To talk with the guard.B.To ask for a place to live in.C.To have a look at a real prince.2.How did Tom feel while moving past the guards?A.Nervous.B.Excited.C.Proud.3.When Tom was stopped, Edward got mad because of .A.the bad manners of TomB.the strict rules of the palaceC.the rude behavior o
21、f the guard4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.Edward and Tom were twin brothers.B.Edward was kind, caring and friendly.C.Edward was tired of living in the palace.5.We can infer(推断)from the passage that .A.blood is thicker than waterB.two heads are better than oneC.never judg
22、e people by their looks四、任务型阅读(2018河南安阳一模)We experience stress throughout our lives. Situations that can create stress are unavoidable. What we can control is how we deal with them. Use these steps to help manage your stress more effectively:1 There may be some situations, people or events that make
23、 you feel nervous, anxious or fearful.2 Increasing physical activity and eating healthily can do wonders for your ability to manage stress. Regular physical activity and a healthy diet can improve weight, energy levels, self-confidence, overall health and well-being, making it much easier for you to
24、 do with daily stress.Laugh it off. Do you know that laughter is one of the most effective ways to reduce stress? No matter how bad things are, laughing dissolves(消除) the worries and seems to help brighten the situation. 3 A bad mood only adds to your level of stress. Another plus-laughter seems to
25、help improve the immune system(免疫系统), in turn making you less prone(有倾向的) to develop a cold and other illnesses.Recognize that drugs and wine are not effective methods to solve problems. 4 You can search for the advice of a mental health doctor or the community health service for stress management.D
26、ont be afraid to say “no” when someone asks you to do something. Know yourself well. 5根据材料内容,从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项。A.Improve lifestyle habit.B.Try not to take things too seriously.C.Be sure what is causing stress in your life.D.You cant do all of the things and you shouldnt feel shame about it.E.D
27、ont depend on drugs or wine to run away from your problems.1.2.3.4.5.五、词语运用(2019陕西)用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,使短文完整正确。(每个单词限用一次。每空只填一个单词。)clean,give,can,encourage,try,he,borrow,student,easy,happyLast week I went to an art show.A painting caught my eye.To my amazement,it was painted by Steven,one of my1.Then ma
28、ny things about him came into my mind.Steven was from a poor family.His parents2not afford to buy him some basic things that he needed.Once our school provided gloves for poor children,I put Stevens name on the list.He was so3when he received a pair.He loved to wear them and they were always4than an
29、ybody elses.Steven had a gift(天赋)for painting and he could5understand what I described in class.But he didnt have money to buy the paper for painting.So sometimes,I6him some.He practised hard.And I often showed his paintings to the class.He was greatly7.One day just before the summer vacation,he cam
30、e to8some art books.When the new term began,he showed some of9paintings to me.I felt shocked(震惊).They were very good.Then we talked a lot.He said he would keep on.Later he was admitted(录取)to a famous art university.After graduation,he had many difficulties,but he never gave up.He was always10his bes
31、t to improve himself.His hard work and strong mind led to his success.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.六、补全对话(2019河南开封一模)根据下面的对话情景,在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子,使对话的意思连贯、完整。Gina:Tony, how do you feel about going to high school?Tony:1. Im looking forward to meeting new friends. What about you?Gina:2.Tony:About what?Dont you w
32、ant to make new friends?Gina:Yes, I do. But Im worried about the coming exam.3.Tony:I see. But its no use worrying.4.?Gina:An action plan?Sounds good. But Ive never done that before.Tony:Its very helpful.5.Gina:Thats very kind of you.七、书面表达(2018河南中原名校大联考)据报道,河南中考改革中,中考将会增加音乐与美术的考试。上周某班同学就“音乐与美术是否应该被
33、纳入中考”展开了相关讨论,同学们各抒己见。假如你是该班同学,请你根据下表的提示内容,结合你自己对此事的看法,用英语给校报写一篇短文。赞成1.重视艺术学习,2.促使技能提高,反对1.考试科目过多,2.投入精力更大,你的观点注意:1.所写短文必须包括表中的提示内容,并作适当发挥;2.文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称;3.表达清楚、语句通顺、意思连贯、书写规范;4.词数不少于80,短文的开头已为你写好,不计入总词数。Last week, we held a discussion about whether Music and Art should enter the Entrance Examin
34、ation for the High School.答案精解精析第11课时八年级(下)Unit 5一、1.B句意:昨天下午,那场关于是否养宠物的辩论持续了四十分钟。 本题考查动词的时态。根据yesterday afternoon可知此处时态应为一般过去时。2.A句意:今天超市里的冰箱在降价出售。真的吗? 让我们去为我们的新厨房买一台吧。本题考查代词的用法。one一个;it 它;that那个;them它们,they的宾格。此处表示“一台冰箱”,故选A。易错警示it指的是上文中出现的名词,同名同物;one指的是上文中出现的名词的同一类事物,同名异物。3.D句意:我非常喜欢那本叫做英语世界的杂志。我
35、也是。我已经读了很多年。本题考查名词词义辨析。game游戏,比赛;program节目;movie电影;magazine杂志。根据read可知,这是一本杂志的名字。故选D项。4.B正如一则谚语所说:“生活就像面镜子,当你对它微笑时,它也会对你微笑。”本题考查连词。unless除非;when当时候;until直到;though尽管。根据句意可知答案为B项。5.B句意:下列哪个句子是正确的?A:我喜欢和我的朋友们闲逛。like doing sth.喜欢做某事。hang应为hanging;B:俄罗斯人将来参加聚会。正确;C:everyday是形容词,放在名词前。本句中应为every day每天;D:本
36、句中缺少连词。故句式不正确。根据排除法可知答案为B项。6.A7.A8.B9.C10.D11.B12.A13.D14.C15.B二、语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。从前,有一位聪明的老妇人住在山上。 一天,有一个小男孩捉住了一只小鸟,并想用它捉弄这位老妇人。于是他叫上朋友们和他一起去老妇人那里,准备去嘲笑她。可是老妇人成功地化解了男孩出的难题,并提醒这些孩子人心要向善。1.Bfunny意为“滑稽的”;perfect意为“完美的”;impolite意为“不礼貌的”。根据上文提到的a wise lady可推断,她对孩子们所提出的问题都能给出完美的答案。故本题选择B。2.Cplay with it意为“和它
37、玩”;go back home意为“回家”;go with him意为“和他一起去”。根据下文男孩提议去问老妇人问题可知,男孩是叫其他孩子和他一起去老妇人那里,故本题选择C。3.Aplay a trick on意为“捉弄”;make friends with意为“和交朋友”;pay a visit to意为“拜访”。根据下文男孩所说的话可知男孩是想捉弄这位老妇人,故本题选择A。4.Aopen意为“张开;打开”;raise意为“筹集;饲养;升高”;shake意为“摇晃;抖动”。根据下文提到的让鸟飞走可知,本空应为“张开”,故本题选择A。5.Csave意为“挽救”;free意为“释放;使自由”;k
38、ill意为“杀死”。根据下文show her the dead bird可知,此处指他会迅速地杀死它,故本题选择C。6.B男孩认为老妇人无论怎么回答,肯定都会陷入他的圈套,即怎样回答都是错的,故本题选择B。7.A文章开头提到老妇人住在山上,所以这群孩子应该是上山去老妇人的家,故本题选择A。8.A根据第一段第二句All the children used to go and ask her questions.可知,孩子们来老妇人这里是来问问题的,故本题选择A。9.C上文说男孩要捉弄老妇人,所以他的内心应该是激动的,故本题选择C。10.B根据上文的描述可知,其他的孩子都知道男孩的伎俩,所以他们应
39、该是等着老妇人的答案并准备嘲笑她,故本题选择B。深度解析1.难句分析原文:There was once a wise old lady who lived on a hill.分析:本句为主从复合句。who 引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词lady。译文:从前,有一位住在山上的聪明的老妇人。2.重点词汇:alive adj.活着的;dead adj.死的;used to do sth.过去常常做某事;laugh at嘲笑;be up to sb.由某人决定3.词汇积累:calmly adv.镇静地;impolite adj.不礼貌的;worriedly adv.担心地,焦虑地三、语篇解读本文为记叙
40、文,讲述了贫穷的孩子汤姆和王子爱德华之间的故事。1.C细节理解题。由第一段最后一句(他透过金色的大门(向里)看,希望看一看真正的王子)可知他希望看一看真正的王子。故答案为C。2.A细节理解题。由第二段第二句(当穿着破旧衣服的Tom忽然看见一个身着华丽衣服的男孩被几个仆人跟从时,他正紧张地走过卫兵们)可知穿着破旧衣服的汤姆经过卫兵时十分紧张,故答案为A。3.C细节理解题。由第四段第一句(年轻的Edward王子对于卫兵的粗鲁行为感到生气)可知,王子因为卫兵的粗鲁行为而感到生气。故答案为C。4.B推理判断题。由第五段王子对待汤姆的行为可知答案为B。5.C推理判断题。A选项意为“血浓于水”,B选项意为
41、“三个臭皮匠顶一个诸葛亮”,C选项意为“不要以貌取人”。根据文章大意可知答案为C。深度解析1.难句分析原文:Tom, dressed badly, was moving nervously past them when he suddenly caught sight of a well-dressed boy who was followed by several servants.当穿着破旧衣服的Tom忽然看见一个身着华丽衣服的男孩被几个仆人跟从时,他正紧张地走过卫兵们。分析:本句是主从复合句。when引导时间状语从句,主句中过去分词短语dressed badly作后置定语,修饰Tom,相
42、当于定语从句;who引导定语从句,修饰先行词boy,who在从句中作主语。2.重点词汇:look through 浏览;realize v.理解,领会,意识到;no doubt 毫无疑问3.词汇积累:wander v.闲逛;guard n.卫兵;throw.out把扔出去;exchange v.交换,互换四、语篇解读本文是篇说明文。介绍了如何处理我们生活中的压力。介绍详细且实用。1.C推理判断题。由设空处后的内容:列举引起压力的情形,故可推断出是要弄清楚引起压力的原因。故答案为C项。2.A推理判断题。由设空处后的内容可知是要通过生活习惯方面的改变来减轻压力。故可推断出答案为A项。3.B推理判断
43、题。由设空处前后内容可知是关于心情和压力的关系,且所缺句子起承上启下的作用。故可推断出答案为B项。4.E推理判断题。由设空处前的内容可推断出答案为E项。5.D推理判断题。由设空处前的内容可推断出答案为D项。五、1.students2.could3.happy4.cleaner5.easily6.gave7.encouraged8.borrow9.his10.trying六、1.I feel very excited2.To be honest, Im really worried3.You know, my English is so poor4.Why not make an action
44、plan5.Let me show you how to do it七、写作要点1.本文属于发表观点类文章,主体时态为一般现在时;2.围绕所给要点进行陈述发表自己的观点;3.不要漏掉要点,注意句式和连词的使用。参考范文Last week, we held a discussion about whether Music and Art should enter the Entrance Examination for the High School. Students have different opinions.Some of us think we should spend time l
45、earning art. Because it can improve our skills in daily life. But some have different ideas about it. They think they have already learned many subjects. Learning art must give them more pressure. And they have to use more time to learn it again. They are already very tired.I think we should pay attention to the study of art in our daily life. Its not necessary to examine it in the Entrance Examination for the High School.第 8 页