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1、六级听力基本技巧及知识第一讲 Short Conversation六级听力构成听力部分考试时间10:00-10:35 Section A：8 short conversations and 2 long conversations Section B：3 passages Section C：compound dictation（11个空）解决做题会出现的三种情况：1. 听不懂1）音的问题 美音和英音 区别：A. 美音中元音开口特别大，而英音开口特别小； B. 辅音浊化：美音中清辅音在两个元音夹击下则变为浊辅音； C. 儿化音：美音中如果字母加上 r 则产生儿化音 重读和弱读，语音和语调 2）
2、语速的问题 连读 常见的连读方式： A. 辅音+元音：在一句话中，前一个单词以辅音结尾，后一个单词以元音开头，两词处于同一义群且语速较快时就发生连读。B. 辅音+辅音：在一句话中，前一个单词以辅音结尾，后一个单词以辅音开头，后一个辅音发音，前一个不发音。2. 听什么？ 1）小词不熟悉2）短语不熟悉3）一词多义不熟练3. 听懂了但做不对题1）场景 两大固定场景： campus life(校园生活)；daily life(日常生活)2）技巧和规律 六个技巧： 听前： 快速阅读选项；预测内容和题型 听中： 理解大意，抓住主题；注意小词和短语 听后：选择相近的选项；争取去找对立的选项 如何正确阅读选项
3、？ 阅读选项的技巧：scan，关键要抢时间扫读、略读。 阅读扫描的技巧：找异同点，先纵读再横读 “莫非”法则：凡事要向不好的方面去思维 If anything can go wrong, it will. 出去玩儿一定会下雨。 汽车、火车、飞机、轮船基本都是晚点。 男生VS女生，女生样样比男生好 注意两点： 勇于放弃，要果断选择答案 一般情况下不要轻意地改动自己的第一选择小对话一、基本介绍 对话主要涉及人们日常生活中的话题。对话中的句子结构、成分、主题一般都非常简单。一般来说每个对话的字数在40 - 50之间。语速基本稳定在每分钟150 - 160个单词。问题一般都是特殊疑问句，常见的疑问句开
4、头单词：what, when, where, who, why, how。二、小对话的分类小对话常见的十种题型1、数字价格计算题2、时间加减运算题3、对话场景题4、人物职业、身份、关系题5、人物意图题6、态度评价题7、动作行为题8、因果关系题9、推断题（言外之意）10、意义解释题1、数字价格计算题注意：1. 十几、几十的读音2. 分数的说法3. 小数的说法4. 大数字的说法5. 钱的问题（1）打折 discount, discount rate, on sale, 50% off, clearance（2）北美货币体系单位 cent, nickel, dime, quarter, fifty
5、cents, dollar, buckM: How much are the tickets?W: They are ten dollars each for the general public, but student tickets are half price.Q: How much will the man pay for the two general tickets and two student tickets?M: Id like to buy these four thanksgiving cards. Are they ten cents each?W: Three of
6、 them are, but the smaller one is only a nickel.Q: How much would the cards all together?2、时间加减运算题注意：1、超前 earlier, ahead of time, in advance2、准时 be on time, be on schedule3、推迟 behind schedule, late, delay, put off, postponeM: Im sorry, Madam, the plane is somewhat behind the schedule. Take a seat. I
7、ll inform you as soon as we know something definite.W: Thank you. Id rather look around and Ill be back in several minutes.Q: What can be concluded about the plane?1997年6月1. W: Good morning, Im here to see Mr. Addison.M: Mr. Addison went to Washington last Monday for a conference, and will be back o
8、n Thursday night. If you like, you may come again on Friday morning. Q: When will Mr. Addison return?3、对话场景题两大类场景：campus life(校园生活)；daily life(日常生活) 1. campus life(校园生活)（1）上课、选课、听讲座、听报告（2）作业（3）考试（4）图书馆2. daily life(日常生活) （1）餐馆 （2）医院（3）银行 （4）邮局（5）旅游 （6）打工（7）机场、车站 （8）宾馆（9）电话 （10）购物4、人物职业、身份、关系题1995年6月
9、8. A) Customer and salesman B) Colleagues C) Employee and boss D) ClassmatesW: Hi, Jack, I just came back yesterday. Anything new while I was away?M: Congratulations, Susan! Its said you will be promoted to manager and become my immediate boss.Q: Whats most probably the relationship between the two
10、speakers at the moment?1994年1月6. A) Customer and salesperson. B) Teacher and student. C) Boss and secretary. D) Guest and waitress.M: Please make 20 copies of this and deliver them to the chief executive and heads of departments.W: Certainly, sir. They will find it on their desks tomorrow morning.Q:
11、 What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?1995年1月 3. A) A teacher. B) A psychologist. C) A librarian. D) A publisher.W: Im looking for textbook for my Psychology course. Its called Introduction to Educational Psychology. Do you have it?M: Yes, we do. Youll find it in Section 24 on
12、the top shelf.Q: Whats the mans occupation?2000年6月7. A) At a book store. B) At an art museum. C) At a newspaper office. D) At a gymnasium.M: Mary is in charge of the art and music section; and Charles, the sports page. What about you?W: Im responsible for the editorials.Q: Where does the woman work?
13、2001年1月7. A) an auto mechanic. B) An electrician C) A carpenter. D) A telephone repairman.W: This is Mrs. Starched, my heater is not getting any power and weatherman says the temperature is to fall below zero tonight. Could you get someone to come over and fix it? M: This is the busiest time of the
14、year, but Ill speak to one of our men about going over some time today. Q: Who did Mrs. Starched want to come over? 5、人物意图题题型特征：第一个人经常提出一个请求、建议或意见等等，第二个人说的话一般以but为标志的句子来说出自己的意见。常见的提问方式：What do you learn from the conversation? 解决思路：关键要听懂第二个人but后面的话，but后面就是正确答案。1994年1月4. A) The apartment is better fur
15、nished. B) She prefers to live in a quiet place. C) Its less expensive to live in an apartment. D) She finds her roommates difficult to get along with. M: I hear you are moving to an apartment. Can you tell me why?W: Actually, I didnt want to move. It would be more expensive to live outside the coll
16、ege. But I just cant bear the noise made by the people living next door.Q: Why does the woman want to move?1996年1月10.W: The strike of the porters has hold up export orders for two weeks. Do you think it will end soon?W: So far as I know, the management side has made an improved pay offer but the uni
17、ons are just holding out for the original demands.Q: What does the man think of the strike?1998年1月 2. A) She is going to Finland. B) She has visitors next week. C) She has guests at her home. D) She has just visited him this week.M: Why dont you come to our house for dinner some time next week?W: Id
18、 like to, but we have visitors from Finland, perhaps next week.Q: Why cant the woman accept the mans invitation?1999年1月3. A) He read the cabinet report. B) He read the newspaper. C) He listened to a radio report. D) Hes secretary telephoned him.W: Mr. Johnson, have you heard the morning news report?
19、 Mill has resigned his post as Prime Minister. M: I didnt turn on the radio this morning, but I did see the headlines. If you remember, he threatened to leave the office at the last cabinet meeting. Q: How did Mr. Johnson learn that the Prime Minister has resigned?1999年6月3. A) She cant receive any c
20、alls. B) She cant make any calls. C) She can do nothing with the phone. D) She cant repair the phone.M: Can I help you, Ms? W: Yes, I bought this telephone last week, and it works all right with out-going calls, but it doesnt ring for the incoming ones. Q: Whats the problem with the womans telephone
21、?2001年1月6. A) His English is still poor after ten years in America. B) He doesnt mind speaking English with an accent. C) He doesnt like the way Americans speak. D) He speaks English as if he were a native speaker.M: Did you know this: after almost ten years in the United States, with such a strong
22、accent.W: Yes, but he is proud of it. He says it is a part of his identity.Q: What does the conversation tell us about Mr. Li? Li still speaks English.2002年1月1. A) All the passengers were killed. B) The plane crashed in the night. C) No more survivors have been found. D) Its too late to search for s
23、urvivors. W: Is the rescue crew still looking for survivors of the plane crash? M: Yes, they have been searching the area for hours, but they havent found anybody else. They will keep searching until night falls. Q: What do we learn from the conversation?6、态度评价题选项中经常出现的态度类形容词或副词：Oh my God!, happy, w
24、orried, panic, luckily, fortunately, unfortunately, impatient, curious, anxious, ridiculous, hopeless.问题：What does the speaker think of sth.?Whats the speakers idea / attitude / opinion about .?/ response to .?1997年1月9. A) He is curious. B) He is impatient. C) He is exhausted. D) He is satisfied.M:
25、This is ridiculous! Ive been waiting for my meal for more than half an hour.W: I know. But you see, the restaurant is full and we are short-handed today.Q: How does the man feel?1996年1月5. A) Shes scornful. B) Shes angry. C) Shes sympathetic. D) Shes worried.M: I forgot all about the two oclock meeti
26、ng. Toms going to kill me.W: Oh, God! I can see why you are upset. You can really be annoying when something important slips in your mind.Q: Whats the womans attitude towards the mans forgetfulness?1995年6月1. A) Enjoyable. B) Inspiring. C) Moving. D) Dull.M: I have never seen such an interesting show
27、. I hope you enjoyed it as much as I did. W: I must admit that I felt sleepy during the two hours.Q: How did the woman feel about the show?1997年1月4. A) He feels unsympathetic. B) He feels its a pity. C) He feels its unfair. D) He feels glad.W: By the way, did you hear that Jack failed the mid-term E
28、nglish exam? Its too bad because itll disqualify him for next years scholarship.M: He deserved it.Hes never really studied since last semester.Q: How does the man feel about Jacks failing the exam?1997年6月5. A) She has confidence in him. B) She has also won a scholarship. C) She is surprised at the n
29、ews. D) She is not interested in the news. M: Susan, have you read the notice on the bulletin board? Ive won the scholarship for the next semester.W: I know you would. You certainly deserve it.Q: What does the woman mean?1998年1月6. A) He is surprised. B) He feels very happy. C) He is indifferent. D)
30、He feels very angry.W: Billy, have you heard the latest news? It appears that we wont be laid off after all.M: Oh, somewhat Im tired of working here anyway.Q: Whats the mans reaction to the news the woman told him?1999年1月5. A) He is confident. B) He is worried. C) He is bored. D) He is angry.W: How
31、did your interview go？ M: I couldnt feel better about it. The questions were very fair and I seemed to find answers for all of them. Q: How does the man feel about the interview？2002年1月2. A) Its results were just as expected. B) It wasnt very well designed. C) It fully reflected the students ability
32、. D) Its results fell short of her expectations.M: How many students passed the final physics exam in your class?W: Forty, but still as many as 20 percent of the class failed, quite disappointing, isnt it? Q: What does the woman think of the exam?7、动作行为题题型特点： 通过两个人的对话，判断他们要干什么或正在做什么。问题：Whats the spe
33、aker doing now? Whats the speaker going to do? What does the speaker think sb. should do?注意：着重听出动作发生的先后顺序，还有动作的时态。2001年1月3. A) Write the letter. B) Paint the shelf. C) Fix the shelf. D) Look for the pen. M: I cant find my pen. I need to write a letter. W: Ill look for it later. Right now I need you
34、to help fix the shelf before paint it. Q: What would they do first?1996年6月1. A) To change the tennis shoes in the sportswear department. B) To help his friend find the right department. C) To find his lost shoes on the tennis court. D) To buy himself a pair of tennis shoes.M: Could you please tell m
35、e where I can find tennis shoes?W: Yes. You can get them in the sportswear department on the right side of the store.Q: What does the man want to do?1997年1月2. A) Ask Dr. Smith to alter his decision. B) Ask Dr. Smith to call the library. C) Get the book directly from Dr. Smith. D) Get Dr. Smiths writ
36、ten permission.M: May I take this book out? I need it work on my paper for Dr. Smiths history class.W: Im afraid not. The book has been put on reserve by Dr. Smith. Unless you have his written permission, we wont lend it out.Q: What should the man do to borrow the book?1997年6月2. A) Try to help him f
37、ind rooms in another hotel. B) Check to see if there are any vacancies in her hotel. C) Let him move to a room with two single beds. D) Show him the way to Imperial Hotel. M: I wonder whether it would be possible to change this double room to two single rooms.W: Sorry, Sir. All the single rooms are
38、occupied. But if you like, I can check with Imperial Hotel to see if they have any.Q: Whats the women going to do for the man?1999年1月4. A) Hurry to the conference. B) Skip the conference. C) Take the subway. D) Take a bus.M: If you are in a hurry, you can take the subway. But if you want to go sight
39、seeing, you can take a bus. W: Actually, I dont have to be at the conference before noon. Q: What will the woman probably do?1999年6月2. A) Singing loudly. B) Listening to music. C) Studying. D) Talking on the phone.W: Hey! If you cant enjoy that at a sensible volume, please use earphones. Im trying s
40、tudy. M: Oh! Im sorry. I didnt realize it was bothering you. Q: What is the man probably doing?2000年6月1. A) Buy some travellers checks. B) Borrow some money from a friend. C) Check the brakes and tires. D) Spend some time travelling. M: Have you had the brakes and tires checked? And do you have enou
41、gh money?W: Ive taken care of everything and Im sure its going to be a wonderful trip.Q: What is the woman going to do?2003年1月10. A) Selecting the best candidate. B) Choosing a campaign manager. C) Trying to persuade the woman to vote for him. D) Running for chairman of the student union. M: You are
42、 my campaign manager. What do you think we should do to win the election? Im convinced Im the best candidate for the chairman of the student union.W: We wont be able to win unless we get the majority votes from the women students.Q: What is the man doing?8、因果关系题常见的因果关系的表达： since, for, as, because (o
43、f), due to, so thattherefore, thus, as a result, hence, in that, now that, but that解题思路：要深入理解说话人的含义1995年1月9. A) He doesnt write well enough. B) He is not a professional writer. C) He hasnt got any professional experience. D) He didnt perform well in the interview.W: How was the job interview? I thin
44、k youll make a good journalist. I remember you as the best writer of the class.M: Well, in fact, my application was turned down. They were looking for people with experience in the profession.Q: Why didnt the man get the job?1995年6月9. A) The first house they saw is too expensive.B) They may save som
45、e money for the time being.C) She is happy with the price set by the seller.D) Less money will be spent in maintaining the house.M: Of the two houses we have seen, which one do you think fits our needs better, the first one or the second one?W: The second one. It seems very expensive. But in the long run, it will save us the money on the maintenance.Q: What does the woman say about the reason for her choice?1997年1月10. A) She didnt know how to u