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1、 房屋变形缝的设置摘要：在工程实践中,常会遇到不同大小、不同体型、不同层高，建在不同地质条件上的建筑物，对某些建筑物，如果不考虑温度伸缩、沉降和地震的影响，就会产生裂缝，甚至破坏。 关键词：变形缝 在工程实践中,常会遇到不同大小、不同体型、不同层高，建在不同地质条件上的建筑物，对某些建筑物，如果不考虑温度伸缩、沉降和地震的影响，就会产生裂缝，甚至破坏。下面将结构缝的种类和设置原则分别阐述一下，以利于今后的工作。1 伸缩缝（温度变形缝）伸缩缝的主要作用是避免由于温差和砼收缩而使房屋结构产生严重的变形和裂缝。为了防止房屋在正常使用条件下，由于温差和墙
2、体干缩引起的墙体竖向裂缝，伸缩缝应设在因温度和收缩变形可能引起的应力集中、砌体产生裂缝可能性最大的地方。温度伸缩缝的间距可通过计算确定，亦可按砌体结构设计规范（GB2003-2001）表6.3.1采用。砌体房屋温度伸缩缝的最大间距（M）屋盖和楼盖类别间距整配式或装配整体式钢筋混凝土结构有保1温层或隔热层的屋盖、楼盖50无保温层或隔热层的屋盖、楼盖40整配式无檩体系钢筋混凝土结构有保温层或隔热层的屋盖、楼盖60无保温层或隔热层的屋盖、楼盖50整配式有檩体系钢筋混凝土结构有保温层或隔热层的屋盖、楼盖75无保温层或隔热层的屋盖、楼盖60瓦材屋盖、木屋盖或楼盖、轻钢屋盖100伸缩缝的做法是从基础顶面开
3、始将两个温度区段的上部结构完全分开。2. 沉降缝沉降缝是指在工程结构中，为避免因地基沉降不均导致结构沉降裂缝而设置的永久性的变形缝。沉降缝主要控制剪切裂缝的产生和发展，通过设置沉降缝消除因地基承载力不均而导致结构产生的附加内力，自由释放结构变形，达到消除沉降缝的目的。实际上它将建筑物划分为两个相对独立的结构承重体系。沉降缝的设置部位：建筑平面的转折部位；高度差异或荷载差异处；长高比过大的砌体承重结构或钢筋砼框架的适当部位；地基土的压缩性有显著差异处；建筑结构或基础类型不同处；分期建造房屋的交界处。沉降缝的做法与伸缩缝不同，它要求在沉降缝处将基础连同上部结构完全断开，自成独立单元。沉
4、降缝的宽度可按表1采用。必须注意，在沉降缝内不能填塞材料，以免妨碍建筑物两侧各单元的自由移动，不少工程，虽然设置了沉降缝，但由于施工时不慎缝内被砖块或砂浆等杂物堵塞，往往失去沉降缝的作用。在寒冷地区，因保暖需要，可在缝的侧面充填保温材料，但必须保证墙体能自由沉降。 房屋沉降缝的宽度（MM）
5、; 房屋层数 沉降缝宽度 23 45 5层以上 &
6、nbsp; 5080 80100 120防震缝为了提高房屋的抗震能力，避免或减轻破坏，在建筑抗震设计规范（GB50011-2001）中规定：多层砌体房屋结构有下列情况之一时，应设置防震缝，缝两侧均应设置墙体：（1） &
7、nbsp; 房屋立面高差在6M以上；（2） 房屋有错层，且楼板高差较大；（3） 各部分结构刚度、质量截然不同时；高层钢筋砼房屋当需要设置防震缝时，防震缝最小宽度应符合下列规定：框架结构房屋的防震缝宽度，当高度不超过15m时可采用70m；超过15m时，6度、7度、8度和9度相应每增加高度5m、4m、3m和2m，宜加宽20mm。框架-抗震
8、墙结构房屋的防震缝宽度可采用项规定的数值的70%，抗震墙结构房屋的防震缝宽度可采用项规定的数值的50%；且均不小于70mm。防震缝两侧结构类型不同时，宜按需要较宽防震缝的结构类型和较低房屋高度确定缝宽。设置防震缝时，应将建筑物分隔成独立，规则的结构单元，防震缝两侧的上部结构应完全分开，防震缝与伸缩缝、沉降缝应综合考虑，协调布置伸缩缝、沉降缝应符合防震缝的要求。沉降缝的宽度尚应考虑基础内倾使缝宽减小后仍能满足防震缝的宽度。此外，凡是需做伸缩缝、沉降缝的地方均应做成防震缝，防震缝应沿房屋全高设置，两侧应布置墙。一般防震缝的基础可不断开，只是兼做沉降缝时才将基础断开。防震缝宽度按房屋高度和设计烈度的
9、不同，一般可取50-100MM。4.后浇带后浇带是指现浇整体钢筋砼结构中，在施工期间保留的临时性温度和收缩变形缝，着重解决钢筋砼结构在强度增长过程中因温度变化、砼收缩等产生的裂缝，以达到释放大部分变形，减小约束力，避免出现贯通裂缝。后浇带应设在对结构无严重影响的部位，即结构构件内力相对较小的位置，通常每隔30-40一道，缝宽70-100CM。一般在两部分砼浇灌后两周至一个月再用比原结构强度高5-10N/MM2的微膨水泥或无收缩水泥砼补浇成为连续、整体、无伸缩缝的结构。应该指出，设置结构缝会增加造价，施工也不方便，因此，在确定房屋的造型和布置时，建筑设计和结构设计必须结合起来考虑结构缝的设置问题
10、，尽可能不设或少设结构缝。现代建筑中，由于建筑使用和立面要求，在尽管平面形状复杂、立面体型不均衡的情况下，也要求不设沉降缝、抗震缝和伸缩缝，况且设置这种结构缝，防水处理较困难，材料用量较多，结构复杂，施工困难，特别是剪力墙结构，结构缝的施工更为困难。在地震区，由于结构缝将房屋分成几个部分，在地震力的作用下，各个部分相互碰撞，宜造成震害，不但引起结构局部破坏，还使建筑装饰材料也造成破坏，增加了震后修复工作。目前，一般在结构总体布置上采取一些相应措施，减少房屋沉降差，防止因温度变化使结构产生伸缩而引起温度应力，加强在地震力的作用下产生应力集中和结构薄弱的部位，以减少或不设沉降缝、抗震缝和伸缩缝。/
11、Porganization system and working mode, the selection of a number of municipal strengthening group to build innovation and strengthen the organization of the basic level organizations advanced model.(seven) the manual work of the Communist Youth League Organization published and League branch of manu
12、al work, to promote the use of two manuals in the citys organizations at various levels. The county committee, directly under the group (work) is under the jurisdiction of grassroots League and group (total) using branch ratio shall not be less than 70%.Three, to further strengthen the groups leader
13、ship and team building(a) to strengthen the leagues leadership at all levels of construction. Continue to do a good job of municipal Party Committee Organization Department on the strengthening of the Communist Youth League cadres management opinions implementation. To promote the group counties (au
14、tonomous counties, cities) Commission and city directly under the group (workers) appointed to carry out the Five team building activities. Improve the League Association Department working mechanism. Conscientiously fulfill the duties of CO, combined with the city group directly under (the) Committ
15、ee of the general election and the adjustment, actively jointly with the unit where the party organization department good group leadership selection with the work. Do a good job in municipal Party committee assistant committee leadership and leading cadres of the annual assessment work, adhere to a
16、nd improve the assistant secretary of the Communist Youth League talk system group To weave individual conversation and collective conversation, to strengthen the committees of all levels, the Standing Committee of the Standing Committee, the establishment of a sound system of central group learning
17、, the system of investigation and study, the system of important issues and the reporting system.(two) to strengthen the work of education and training of cadres to conscientiously implement the Central Committee. On the implementation of grassroots cadres training project and opinions on carrying o
18、ut the mission municipal CYL Cadres training project implementation opinions, full implementation of the project of the City Youth League cadres training education. Focus on the county grassroots cadres and workers focused on training, the new school system vocational training League cadres, for the
19、 Municipal Organization Department jointly held the third session of the Communist Youth League system training cadres in party. Focusing on the construction of new socialist countryside, strengthening village cadres and rural construction team group member of the young team, the county organization
20、s at various levels throughout the year is expected to train 100 00 rural grassroots cadres, plans to train 1000 village secretary of the village Party branch.(three) actively promote grassroots cadres election work. Under the unified leadership of the party organization, to strengthen grassroots or
21、ganizations direct work, standardize the election work rules and procedures, in the designated candidate, open competition to democratically elected branch secretary at the same time, actively and steadily the development of Township, streets and other grassroots organizations in the direct election
22、 of the pilot work, on the basis of summarizing the experience and gradually expand the scope of the pilot, and gradually formed a set of measures and cadres election system.(four) to strengthen the cadres testing exercise. To study the development of XX city from 2006 to 2008 cadres testing exercis
23、e planning. To select outstanding cadres to the central mission in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and other central organs and sending work in developed areas. With the Central Committee the implementation of the western region and ethnic minorities cadres training plan . To carry out the eighth batch
24、 of municipal organs attachment cadre management, selection, training work. The outstanding cadres to start the National Development Bank XX branch testing exercise.(five) to strengthen the group construction. The main position to play the role of Youth League cadre education and training as the cit
25、y, in accordance with the requirements of post training, further curriculum scientifically and rationally, adopt arrangement menu course, basic theory includes group work, focus, hot and difficult issues, to enhance the content and practice; to strengthen the construction of teaching staff, the inte
26、gration of teachers, establish a quality teacher training team, establish and implement course evaluation system; take delivery of training to the countryside, on-site training, and increase the rural grassroots cadres training efforts.Four, efforts to strengthen the work of young talent(a) to tenth
27、 XX young 54 medal in recognition of the publicity, and actively explore the XX youth service. 54 Medal of institutionalization, standardization and socialization mechanism. Give full play to the XX award in recognition of 54 youth medal Association, Youth Award winner in the 54 chapter, investigati
28、on activities. Who won the Youth Service medal, dedication to the society to create conditions, build the stage. During the 54, named in recognition of the tenth XX young 54 medal. The association of XX editing of young talent , the exchange of information and communication platform for the XX of ou
29、tstanding young talents.(two) the establishment of municipal Party committee of young talent information database. In accordance with the feasible, effective, classification management, implement step by step principle, the establishment of municipal Party committee of youth talent database; guiding
30、 organizations at various levels generally established the young talent database, construction of city, county (directly under the Communist Youth League), grassroots organizations three young talent information database the relevant information collection system, and gradually establish the citys y
31、oung people, the Communist Youth League youth talent information network, provide information platform for young talent resource development.Five, take effective measures to strengthen the mission management(a) to strengthen the mission management work. Strengthen the dues collection and management,
32、 continue to adhere to the dues collection regularly reporting system, the annual comprehensive award in recognition of the tour and the tour one vote veto system audit system. Do statistical work in the group. The group service award in recognition of the advanced units, standardization, promoting
33、group management work institutionalized.(two) to strengthen the organization of research and information exchange efforts. Grassroots carry out research, efforts to form a number of theoretical results. Make full use of the network carrier, to explore the establishment of electronic group service sy
34、stem, promote the work of Communist Youth League information.Attachment 4:XX municipal Party Committee Propaganda Department of the Communist Youth League work pointsIn 2006, the Communist Youth League propaganda ideological work XX to Deng Xiaoping theory and the important thought of Three Represen
35、ts as guidance, study and implement the partys sixteen and the spirit of the the fifth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee implementation of the eight plenary session of the two committee, the citys cultural work conference, the Propaganda Department of the meeting and the the fourth P
36、lenary Session of the 15th CPC Central Committee permanent mission spirit, closely around 11th Five-Year XX the goal of full implementation of Scientific Outlook on Development, emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, keep pace with the times, close to reality, close to life, close to the y
37、oung, persevere grasp orientation, grasping deepening, grasping construction innovation, further improve the groups propaganda and ideological work ability, unity To guide the majority of members of the youth to achieve the 11th Five-Year planning tasks, the overall construction of a well-off societ
38、y, building a socialist harmonious society to make new contributions.One, adhere to the Three Represents important thought and Scientific Outlook on Development education to guide the youth, to further strengthen the ideological and political education of youth(a) armed with youth science theory. Un
39、remittingly with Deng Xiaoping theory and the important thought of Three Represents armed members of youth education, to promote the study and implement to expand the depth and breadth. To study and implement the important thought of Three Represents with the establishment and implementation of Scie
40、ntific Outlook on Development combine with the implementation of the requirements of constructing socialist harmonious society with Scientific Outlook on Development, carry out education as an important part of the theory of armed youth in the new period, strengthen the establishment and implementat
41、ion of Scientific Outlook on Development education, educate and guide the youth to fully understand the great significance of establishment and implementation of Scientific Outlook on Development, in-depth understanding of the Scientific Outlook on Development era back The king, the practice foundat
42、ion, basic connotation, historical status, spirit and practice requirements, a profound understanding of Scientific Outlook on Development with Marxism Leninism, Mao Zedong thought, inheriting and developing relationship between Deng Xiaoping theory and the important thought of Three Represents, to
43、help young people establish and consciously practice Scientific Outlook on Development. Persist in learning, grasping the backbone, grasp the practice, grasp the opportunity. Catch club, effective way to grasp the network, with the group of cadres, young students and young backbone fronts as the foc
44、us, to promote the work of the armed youth theory to develop in depth, to help the youth continue to firm ideals and beliefs, to build a powerful spiritual pillar. To carry out the study and implementation of the partys sixteen session of the five Eight plenary session of the two plenary session of
45、the Central Committee and the party spirit, to the citys Youth League members thinking into the spirit of the meeting, to achieve the goal of national consciousness and XX economic and social development in 11th Five-Year period. Contribute to help and guide the youth to a profound understanding of
46、the significance and main task of building a socialist harmonious society, actively join the construction of socialist harmonious society.(two) to strengthen the ideological and moral construction of teenagers. Thoroughly implement the central spirit of the document No. 8, No. 16 and the program for
47、 Improving Civic Morality to minors and students as focus groups, to strengthen and improve the ideological and moral construction of minors and the ideological and political education of college students. Make full use of the spirit and the spirit of the Three Gorges migrants Hongyan XX unique the
48、use of educational resources, school, into the team, the league, to join the party, adult occasions, extensive Hongyan spirit generation theme education activities. Use of holidays and leisure time, youth organizations three rural areas, four communities, four and moral practice, guide the youth Youth to enhance national pride, self-esteem and self-confidence, to establish the trend of the times and adapt to the trend of t