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1、辅助施工措施施工方案1概况1.1工程概况隧道左线进口桩号LK182+422，施工长度为1304.305m，右线进口桩号RK182+414，施工长度为1298m。2施工工序隧道施工工序可划分为：洞顶截水沟开挖、砌筑及洞口排水工程；洞口土石方开挖及边、仰坡和成洞面临时防护；进洞辅助措施施工；浅埋段开挖、初期支护；浅埋段及洞口明洞模筑衬砌施工；洞门施工；洞身开挖；洞身初期支护；仰拱和铺底；洞身防排水；二次衬砌；洞内路面等。总体程序见图：开工前施工准备洞顶截水沟开挖、砌筑及洞口排水洞口土石方开挖及临时防护套拱、超前管棚等进洞辅助措施施工浅埋段开挖、初期支护及仰拱施工浅埋段及洞口明洞模筑衬砌施工洞门及其
2、附属工程施工洞身开挖及排水洞身及初期支护仰拱和铺底洞身防水设施模筑二次衬砌洞内路面及两侧沟槽2.1初期（超前）支护本隧道的初期（超前）支护主要有长管棚、小导管注浆、中空注浆锚杆、砂浆锚杆、格栅钢筋网及喷砼等。各种初期（超前）支护施工方法见表。初期（超前）支护施工方法一览表 序号支护名称围岩级别施工方法备注1长管棚采用C25砼套拱作为导向墙，套拱内埋设127导向钢管。按设计位置施工，打有孔钢花管。钢管采用1086无缝钢管。根据设计注浆参数，采用注浆泵向钢花管注水泥浆液，达到设计注浆结束标准时结束注浆。2小导管注浆钢管采用外径50mm，壁厚5mm的无缝钢管，长4.5m。注浆孔用锚杆钻机钻设，水泥浆
3、用注浆泵灌注，注浆孔间距及外插角和注浆参数严格执行设计标准3中空注浆锚杆采用锚杆钻机钻孔，锚杆安设好后用注浆泵通过尾部向孔内注水泥砂浆。注浆顺序必须自下而上逐根进行。注浆前将止浆塞塞入钻孔，用速凝水泥封孔，防止浆液泄露。4砂浆锚杆、采用锚杆钻机钻孔，成孔后用注浆泵通过钢管注浆，然后快速插入锚杆到埋设长度，然后用半干硬砂浆封实孔口，用楔子固定锚杆，并安设垫板，上好螺帽。5钢架支撑、钢架现场按1：1胎模热弯加工制做，并试拼,钢架在开挖面组装成整榀钢架，立起后根据中线水平将其校正到正确位置，然后用定位筋固定，并用纵向连接筋将其与相邻钢架连接牢靠。钢架与壁面间用钢楔楔紧。6钢筋网、钢筋网在锚杆施作后安
4、设，钢筋类型及网格间距按设计要求施作，并与锚杆连接，采用焊接，使钢筋网在喷射时不易晃动。7喷砼所有围岩级别采用湿喷工艺施工，分两次喷射，首先初喷封闭岩面，然后等锚杆、格栅、钢筋网安装完毕后喷到设计厚度。管棚检验评定标准如下：序号检验项目规定值或允许偏差检验方法和频率1管棚长度符合设计每环检查一次2管棚根数符合设计3管棚直径符合设计4管棚壁厚符合设计5管棚间距10mm6外插角符合设计7与上环搭接长度符合设计钢架支撑检验评定标准如下：序号检查项目规定值或允许偏差检查频率1安装间距（mm）50尺量：每榀检查2保护层厚度满足设计要求凿孔检查：每榀自拱顶每3m检查一点3倾斜度（）2仪器测量：每榀检查4安
5、装偏差（mm）横向50尺量：每榀检查竖向不低于设计高程5拼装偏差（mm）3尺量：每榀检查2.2钢筋砂浆锚杆施工必须符合下列要求：(1) 钻眼：钻孔机具应根据锚杆类型、规格及围岩情况选择；孔位允许偏差为150，钻孔数量应符合设计规定；钻眼直径必须大于锚杆杆体直径15mm；孔深不应小于锚杆杆体有效长度，但深度超长值不应大于100。(2) 灌浆：灌浆前必须将孔眼吹净；水泥砂浆必须拌合均匀，随拌随用；灌浆饱满，从孔底开始均匀进行，不得中断，严防拔管过快，导致砂浆脱节和灌浆不满。注浆管必须插至距孔底510cm处，随水泥砂浆的注入缓慢匀速拔出，随即迅速将杆体插入，锚杆杆体插入孔内的长度不得短于设计长度的9
6、5%。若孔口无砂浆流出，必须将杆体拔出重新注桨。锚杆安设后不得随意敲击，其端部3天内不得悬挂重物。(3) 锚杆安装：安装前钢筋必须除锈矫直；灌浆后必须立即将钢筋匀速插入，位置居中；孔口可用木楔临时封固；钢筋尾端外露长度宜稍小于喷层厚度；安装好后不得敲击和碰撞。锚杆插入深度不得小于设计要求的95%。(4) 在有水地段,采用普通水泥砂浆锚杆时,如遇孔内流水,在附近另行钻孔作为导流管,排出水后再进行锚杆作业。锚杆施工工艺为：布孔打眼：按设计要求将孔位用红漆标识在掌子面上，凿岩机钻孔，钻孔应保持顺直，并与岩面垂直。锚杆安装：先采用高压风清孔，再将装有锚头的中空注浆锚杆插入孔内，并安装止浆塞，垫板和螺母
7、。注浆：注浆前，安上注浆接头，注浆采用注浆泵自下而上进行，浆液用砂浆搅拌机搅拌，浆液水灰比具体按试验确定，压力和注浆量须达到设计要求，施工工艺流程见下图。中空注浆锚杆施工工艺流程图孔位确定钻孔清孔锚杆安放安装止浆塞、垫板、螺母注浆施工注意事项：锚杆孔位必须精确，符合设计及规范要求：锚杆孔保持顺直，并与其所在部位岩面垂直，尤其拱顶水平岩层层面，必须按设计施作达到要求，以防塌顶；杆体在使用前必须严格保管，防止遇水生锈，以保证锚杆质量；锚杆孔注浆压力，要达到设计要求；锚杆垫板须与喷射砼面密贴。锚杆支护检验评定标准如下：序号检验项目规定值或允许偏差检验方法和频率1锚杆根数(根)不少于设计现场逐根清点2
8、锚拔力拔力平均值设计值；最小拔力90%设计值按锚杆数1%且不少于3根做拔力试验3孔位（mm）50尺量4钻孔深度（mm）50尺量5钻孔直径（mm）满足设计要求尺量6锚杆长度满足设计要求按锚杆数的3%，或不少于3根2.3超前小导管工艺原理在破碎松散岩体中超前钻孔，打入小导管并压注具有胶凝性质的浆液，浆液在注浆压力的作用下呈脉状快速渗入破碎松散岩体中，并将其中的空气、水分排出，使松散破碎体胶结、胶化，形成具有一定强度和抗渗阻水能力的以浆胶为骨架的固结体，从而提高围岩的整体性、抗渗性和稳定性；使超前小导管与固结体形成一个具有一定强度的壳体，在壳体的保护下进行开挖支护施工。2.3.1注浆、引流施工工艺根
9、据渗漏水情况，本隧道采取综合注浆方案。2.3.1.1传统注浆工艺注浆主要是在施工缝部位，该部位主要是由于浇筑混凝土时处在模板的端头部位，部分施工缝处由于工人施工时操作不到位，混凝土不能完全密实填充，尤其在拱顶部位，这样，该处的膨胀型止水条便起不到止水的作用，同样，由于止水条安装不规范，在施工缝整个断面上，都会有漏水的可能，而这种情况也比较普遍，因此用采注浆的方法可达到较好的堵漏效果。(1) 查渗漏点将基层表面擦干，立即均匀撒一层干水泥，若表面有湿点或印湿线，即为漏水孔、缝，从而确定渗漏部位。(2) 凿眼及钻孔先以渗漏点为中心点凿一直径约100mm，深度约40mm的凹坑，再用冲击钻或专用打孔设备
10、，自渗漏点向砼内打20mm的孔，孔深200300mm，以同样的方法在同一断面的拱顶部位打孔。如下图所示：(3) 埋设注浆管：采用20mm水管（带丝扣连接阀门）埋设，管口中心对正钻眼位置。然后用凝结快（初凝8min,终凝1520min）粘结好的环氧树脂砂浆封管。封管时将表面凿除部分全部封堵。 (4) 注浆注浆管埋设1小时后方可注浆。采用双液注浆泵泵注浆，注浆材料水泥水玻璃双液浆，配比为水泥：水玻璃=1：1。注浆压力为0.5Mpa，注浆系统如下图所示：注浆前，先用水代替浆液灌注，以检查除注浆注管外其它部位是否有漏水现象，以免出现漏浆。试灌时记录灌水量和灌水时间，为确定灌浆量和灌注压力提供参考。注浆
11、时，垂直缝应按先下后上的顺序进行。注浆管接埋设好的注浆管，打开注浆管阀门，灌浆开始后，逐渐升压，待注浆管出水后先不要封闭，见浆液后立即封闭其孔，仍继续压浆，使浆液沿着漏水通道推进。并把注浆泵开泵到规定压力值，停泵。让灰浆慢慢渗入，到表面压力下降到0.1Mpa时，二次开泵升到规定压力值，如此反复进行，直到压力稳定在规定压力值不再下降为止。当压力解除后不再有漏水和渗水现象时，该处注浆完毕，移到下一注浆孔灌注。(5) 拔管及封堵注浆完成后，将注浆管沿孔根部用手砂轮割除，然后将孔口清刷干净，孔底用130瞬间止水剂材料封堵，表面用1：21：2.5水泥砂浆抹平。Opinions and suggestio
12、ns on the partys mass line educational practiceAccording to the central and provincial, municipal unified deployment, according to municipal Party committee about carrying out the partys mass line educational practice activity in the citys implementation opinions, the spirit of the partys mass line
13、educational practice activities from 20* in January to 99 months, carried out at all levels of departments and directly affiliated institutions and grass-roots party organizations. According to my actual County, the county to carry out the education practice put forward the following implementation
14、opinions.First, the overall requirementsCounty county education practice to the eighteen Party of eight, the spirit of the the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee as the guidance, conscientiously implement the spirit of general secretary Xi Jinping book series of important speech
15、, earnestly implement the Central Committee really, opinions and advice , party implementing the guiding ideology of opinions to determine the objectives and requirements, step method, in accordance with the look in the mirror, dress up, wash bath, cure treatment, the general requirements of for the
16、 people pragmatic honest people as the theme, in carrying forward the spirit of Zhuanglang Zhuang, improve their work style, service to the masses of the people, the foundation of consolidating grassroots, promote transformation across efforts, to further implement the central eight regulations and
17、The opposition party and government austerity waste regulations , double section provincial regulations, municipal provisions of the twelve plan and the implementation measures for on improving the work style of close ties with the masses law, highlight style building, carry out the whole wind spiri
18、t, resolutely oppose formalism, bureaucracy, hedonism and wasteful extravagance to solve the problems, Party members and cadres of the style and the masses of people strong, the Ministry of Party members and cadres to further improve their thinking and understanding, to further change the style of t
19、he wind, the masses to close, honest and pragmatic people honest image to further establish the foundation to further reinforce the basic level. Style of the building of the new results to promote the construction of a powerful force of the county and the ecological culture of the county and county
20、construction.In educational practice activities of the unit is mainly: the county and below county departments under the organs, enterprises and institutions directly under the township, street, and community, village, non-public economic organizations, social organizations and other grass-roots org
21、anizations. Agencies and branches, each single unit, follow the rules on internal institutions. Educational practice with step by step.To adhere to the county leadership, leadership and leading cadres to focus on outstanding catch to directly contact the service of the masses of law supervision depa
22、rtments and window units, service industry, educational practice, pay attention to grasp the heavy towns, streets and villages, community education activities and the masses of grassroots groups in close contact to strengthen, and the majority of Party members, cadres and the mass line line Marx doc
23、trine view of the masses and the partys education.Always speak seriously as a basic attitude, adhere to positive education, to carry out criticism and self criticism group, adhere to the pragmatic, more emphasis on leadership, pay more attention to the layers of the demonstration, more focus on the
24、four winds, solve the problem, pay more attention to open the door, the participation of the masses, pay more attention to the classification guidance. Orderly, pay more attention to the cooperation and cohesion driven, more strict requirements on injection, really supervision practice, ensure educa
25、tion practice is not empty is not empty is not partial, not as a mere formality.Two, the key point of the taskThe main task of the countys education practice is to seize against four wind this focus on centralized solve outstanding problems asked County, township leadership and leading cadres of the
26、 four winds, the disadvantages of the style, scale behavior to a large scale investigation, overhaul, cleaning greatly. At the same time, respond to the concerns of the masses, safeguard the interests of the masses, pay attention to solve practical problems, solve the people around the unwholesome t
27、endencies especially on eat, take the card, Yong lazy luxury, extravagance and waste fees, privileges and other issues, timely and effective, without any discount to solve, to improve the style of real implementation of the requirements of real to the grassroots, real let group Benefit the public.(a
28、) focus on solving the four winds outstanding issuesThe central and provincial requirements, the county leadership and leading cadres of key performance concept is not correct, do not dare to play, to engage in image project, political project, a leadership guide, a set of ideas, orders and prohibit
29、ions, and a policy, there are countermeasures county. The units directly under the heavy focus on solving Yung lazy drag, buck passing skin, work is not implemented, the service is not active. The dynamic problem of law enforcement and supervision departments and window units, service industry mainl
30、y solve the door hard, ugly face, something difficult, and arbitrary charges, fines, levies, and breach of privilege, chinakayao, not the problem of law. The township, street The collar of leading bodies and leading cadres to solve key does nottheir own conditions to develop the correct road, the ma
31、ximum to avoid investment risk, gain profit.(three) vigorously promote the brand. To establish brand awareness, awareness of the use of brand, brand value, brand acquisition performance, enhance the competitive strength. Concentrated manpower, careful planning, packaging and publicity of a number of
32、 unique, market influence and coverage of the brand, the implementation of key breakthroughs, to enhance the competitive strength, walking business road the competition of alienation and characteristics, the pursuit of stability and development of the market.(four) to promote the integration of reso
33、urces. To further broaden their horizons, effective integration of resources within the group, the city resources, other industries and regional resources, mutual trust, mutual benefit, seeking win-win principle, in the framework of national policies and regulations, strict inspection and argumentat
34、ion, legal consultation, examination and approval procedures, strict regulation of economic activities, attract injection the social investment to the industry group, to achieve leveraging the development, ensure that the value of state-owned assets.(five) to strengthen the construction management p
35、ersonnel. Strengthen the management of education and training of cadres and workers of the existing business, firmly establish the concept of the market, enhance the sense of crisis to adapt to market competition, the sense of urgency, improve the ability to respond to market competition, improve ma
36、nagement and operation of the market. At the same time, according to the need of industrial development, vigorously the introduction of high-quality management management personnel, and strive to build a high-quality professional management team, hard work, and promote the entire workforce knowledge
37、 structure, age structure, structure optimization and upgrading ability, enhance core competitiveness, adapt to the need of market competition.(six) seriously study the policy for policy. Serious research about social support the development of cultural undertakings in the country and the XX policy, especially the policy of industrial development, financial investment policy, financial policy and tax policy, and actively seek policy, projects and funds, enterprise and industry group mission to promote leapfrog development.