《2013届英语基础知识复习课件：Unit3Inventorsandinventions(新人教版选修8).ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2013届英语基础知识复习课件：Unit3Inventorsandinventions(新人教版选修8).ppt（71页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、(2012吉林摸底)假设你是李华，在互联网上看到英国高中生David登的一则启事： 希望结识一位中国朋友，以便学习中国的语言、文化。请你以李华的名义用英文给David发一封电子邮件，主要内容包括： 1你怎样得知David的愿望； 2你愿意成为他的朋友； 3你打算如何帮助他； 4你盼望他的回复。,注意：1. 电子邮件的格式已为你写好，不计入总词数； 2.词数： 100左右。 Dear David， Ive learned_,【满分作文】 Dear_David， Ive_learned it from the Internet that you want to make a Chinese fri
2、end so as to learn Chinese language and culture. Im glad that you show such great interest in China and I would like to be your friend. I will try my best to write to you as often as possible to introduce you the Chinese culture.When you have an opportunity to come to China，Ill teach you how to spea
3、k Chinese and show you around some famous historical places of interest.Anyway，I am going to help you as much as I can. How do you think?,Im looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely， Li Hua,【高级词汇】 show such great interest in 表现出极大的兴趣 have an opportunity to 有机会做某事,【佳句变换】 1I have read your notic
4、e on the Internet that you want a Chinese friend to help you learn the Chinese language and culture. 2It is so amazing for you to have much interest in Chinese culture，and I am glad to be your friend to help you with it. 3Surely I will email you regularly to introduce the Chinese culture according t
5、o your schedule and requirements. 4How do you find my plan？And dont hesitate if you have new ideas about it.,.词汇链条 1_vt.期待；预料 _n预料；期待；期望 2_vt.认出；承认 _n认出；认可；承认 3_adj.清白的；无罪的；天真的 _n清白；无辜 4_n直升飞机 5_adj.稳固的；稳定的；安定的,expect,expectation,recognize,recognition,innocent,innocence,helicopter,stable,6_vt.联想；联系
6、_n联系；协会 7_n粉末；火药 8_adj.突然的；出其不意的 _adv.突然地；唐突地 9_n小心；谨慎 _adj.小心的；谨慎的 10_n时刻；重要社交活动场合 _adv.偶然地；不时地 11_adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的 12_n三角形；三角形物体,associate,association,powder,abrupt,abruptly,caution,cautious,occasion,occasionally,dynamic,triangle,.重点短语 1_给某人打电话 2_偶尔；有时 3_开始；着手 4_迅速把手伸进；一心投入 5_开始做某事 6_不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住 7_
7、次序颠倒；发生故障,call up,now and then,set about,dive into,set out to do,hang on,out of order,8get through_ 9ring back_ 10ring off_ 11against all expectations_ 12be convenient to/for sb_ 13cant bear sb doing/to do_ 14take risks_,设法联系上(尤其指打通电话)；通过,回复电话,挂断电话,出乎意料,对某人来说方便,不能忍受某人做某事；,不能容忍某人做某事,冒险,.经典句式 1It wont
8、 _me to see you tomorrow. 我明天不方便去看望你。 2He cant _ people_ while hes eating. 他忍受不了人们在他吃饭的时候吸烟。 3Do you know how _ going on this work? 你知道怎样着手进行这项工作吗？ 4They managed to _ the worst of the winter. 他们设法熬过了冬天最冷的日子。 5The photograph _ memories of his childhood. 那张照片唤起了他童年时代的一些回忆。,be convenient for,bear,smoki
9、ng,to set about,get through,called up,.短文填空 Science has changed the way we live and the way we _1_.New inventions and discoveries have made it_2_for us to think about the world in new ways.The_3_of transportationbikes，cars，airplaneswe use today are good examples.They are based on the idea_4_ transpo
10、rtation means moving something from one place to_5_on a bike，_6_a car or by plane.This takes time，of course，and we can only_7_as fast as the laws of physics allow.It will be_8_to travel much faster than todays_9_and to travel very far，such as to the stars or to other_10_.,答案 1.think 2.possible 3.mea
11、ns 4.that 5.another 6in 7.travel 8.difficult 9.airplanes 10.planets,distinguish between A and B 区别A与B distinguish A from B 把A与B区分开 distinguish oneself by通过使自己出众 tell A from B把A和B区分开 distinguishing feature 与众不同的特征,(1) between tax avoidance and tax evasion. 把避税和逃税区别开很重要。朗文 (2)It also includes related
12、skills such as distinguishing fact from opinion and assessing the soundness of evidence.(2011北京卷七选五),It is important to distinguish,直通高考看看高考怎么考 (1)Other_ features include large pectoral fins，which may be up to a third of the body length，and unique black and white spots on the underside of the tail f
13、lukes. (2011 上海卷 Reading Comprehension Section B) 答案 distinguishing (2)At what age are children able to distinguish_right and wrong？(2012青岛模拟) Aamong Bduring Cwith Dbetween 答案 D,写作句组满分作文之佳句 aThe creation of selfcleaning clothes provides an example of how nature helps scientists develop better produc
14、ts.This selfcleaning nature is known as the “lotus effect”(2011上海) bThe West Lake is distinguished for its beautiful scenery.(安徽) cAs a place of interest，Mount Tai is famous for its scenery.(陕西),the products of manufacturing industry制造业的产品 the finished product 制成品 waste products废品 highquality produc
15、ts优良产品,produce/product/production 辨析 produce作名词指产品是初级的农产品； product则指工业产品或者能源如煤炭、木材、电力等； production指生产、产量、艺术作品如戏剧、电影等。,(1) like coal and steel is declining. 对煤炭和钢材的需求在下降。朗文 (2)Smoking is banned in the factorys production areas. 工厂的生产区禁止吸烟。朗文,Demand for products,直通高考看看高考怎么考 (1)Renting your home out as
16、 a “film set” could earn you hundreds of pounds a day，depending on the film_ company and how long your home is needed.(2011四川卷阅读理解B) 答案 production (2)To improve the quality of our products，we asked for suggestions _had used the products.(2010重庆卷) Awhoever Bwho Cwhichever Dwhich 解析 考查关系代词。这儿_ had use
17、d the products.是个宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，并且指人，所以用whoever。 答案 A,bear通常与can，could连用，多用于否定句或疑问句中。 cant bear doing/to_do忍受不了做某事 cant bear sb doing/to do不能忍受某人做某事；不能容忍某人做某事 bear doing意为“ 耐得住；经得起”，通常用于否定句或疑问句，且不可用人作主语。,辨析 stand忍受，忍耐，endure忍受，忍耐，tolerate忍受，容忍，have也可表示容忍，用于否定句，cant have doing sth，put up with sb/sth容忍。
18、 这些词语在表示“容忍”时语义差别很小，可以换用。,(1) in the house. 屋里有猫我可真受不了。牛津 (2)She bore her sorrow without complaint. 她毫无怨言地忍受着悲痛。牛津,I cant bear having cats,直通高考看看高考怎么考 These hills and fields are most beautiful，with many small and clear rivers，and rich fields_fruit and grain.(2012武汉调研) Afeeding Bgrowing Craising Dbea
19、ring 答案 D,set about doing sth 开始，着手处理，散步 set back 往回拨 阻碍，受挫，使退步 set fire to 使燃烧 set up 建立，创立 set down写下，记下 set an example to sb(set sb an example) 为某人树立了榜样,set in开始来临，盛行 set a limit 加以限制 set against 靠着，在的映衬下 set ahead 提前，拨快 set aside 把置于一旁 set by 搁在一旁，抛开 set down as 把什么登记为；把什么认为 set off 出发 set out t
20、o do开始做某事,(1)She deliberately set out to poison her husband. 她蓄谋毒死她的丈夫。朗文 (2)She cleaning up after the party. 聚会之后，她开始收拾东西打扫卫生。朗文,set about,直通高考看看高考怎么考 (1)And this is what hes _ to prove from a unique point of view in his most recent book，The Rational Optimist.(2011 湖北卷 阅读理解D) 答案 set out (2)I set ou
21、t to live my life filled with _30_，seeing endless possibilities for personal and professional achievements.(2011天津卷 完形填空) Ahope Bhardship Charmony Dsadness 解析 考查名词。根据下文“seeing possibilities for personal and professional achievement”可知，作者的生活充满希望。 答案 A,call for 要求；需要；提倡；邀请；为叫喊 call on 访问，拜访；号召，请求 will
22、 call (大商店的)预订零售部 call of 邀同去 call off取消；依次叫名 call in 召集；召来 call center 客户服务中心 telephone call 电话呼叫 call back 回电；收回 make a phone call 打电话 give me a call 给我打电话,call upon 号召；要求；拜访 call at 拜访，访问；停靠(车站) wakeup call 警钟；叫醒服务；电话叫醒服务 call out 唤起；出动；大声叫唤 conference call 电话会议 call a taxi 打的；叫出租车,(1) three mont
23、hs after the war broke out. 战争爆发三个月之后，我被征召入伍。朗文 (2)The sound of happy laughter called up memories of his childhood.这欢笑声让他回忆起童年的情景。牛津,I was called up,直通高考看看高考怎么考 (1)I used to hate being _ in class mainly because I didnt like attention drawn to myself.(2011北京卷完形填空) 答案 called upon (2)Lets play the musi
24、c we listened to yesterday，because it_our good old days.(2012温州模拟) Acalls on Bcalls for Ccalls in Dcalls up 解析 考查动词短语，call up 打电话给；召集；使想起。 答案 D,scientific discovery科学发现 discovery channel探索频道 great discovery伟大的发现；好棒的发现 discovery bay发现湾(哥伦布第一脚踏上的土地) discovery learning发现学习 make a discovery做出新的发现 discov
25、er sb doing sth发现某人/物在做 discover sb/sth to be发现某人/物是,invent/find/find out/discover 辨析 invent意为“发明”，指通过劳动运用聪明才智“发明/创造”出以前从未存在过的新事物。 Who invented the telephone? 是谁发明电话的？ find意为“找到、发现”，指找到或发现自己所需要的东西或丢失的东西，着重指找到的结果。 Weve found oil under the South Sea. 我们已在南海发现了石油。,discover意为“发现”，表示“偶然”或“经过努力”发现客观存在的事物、
26、真理或错误，即指发现原来客观存在但不为人所知的事物，也可表示发现已为人所知的事物的新的性质或用途。 Columbus discovered America in 1492. 哥伦布1492年发现了美洲。 We soon discovered the truth. 我们很快就弄清了真相。 find out指经过研究或询问查明某事或真相。 Ive found you out at last.我终于把你揭露了。,Please find out when the ship sails for New York. 请打听一下那艘船什么时候开往纽约。 Please find out what time t
27、he delegation will come. 请查一查代表团什么时候来。,(1)Like many discoveries，atomic power can be used for good or evil.正如人类发现的许多事物一样，原子能既可以用来为善，也可以用来为恶。牛津 (2)We our luggage had been stolen. 我们发现行李已经被偷了。牛津,Discovered that,直通高考看看高考怎么考 He buried the treasure to prevent its_.(2012郑州质检) Ainvention Bdiscovery Creview
28、Dpractice 答案 B,before的用法： 一、作介词 1指时间上早于，在之前，如： She has lived here since before the war.她从战前就一直在这儿住。 2指位置在前面，如： We knelt down before Grandmas grave.我们在奶奶的墓前跪下。 3指顺序或排列在之前，如： Your name comes before mine on the list.名单上你的名字在我之前。 4在某人面前，如： She said it before the witness. 她是当着证人的面说的。,二、作连词 其基本含义是“在之前”，又可
29、以根据不同语境灵活翻译成“才”、“还没来得及就”、“趁”、“就”等。具体用法如下： 1与情态动词can/could连用 这时候从句虽为肯定形式，根据汉语表达习惯译成“还没来得及就”，如： Before she could move，she heard a loud noise，which grew to a terrible roar.她还没来得及迈步，就听见一声巨响，接着就是可怕的隆隆轰鸣。 2用于肯定句中强调主句所表达的时间，距离长，或花费的精力大，译成“才”，如： We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw lands.我们
30、航行了四天 四夜才看到陆地。,3用于否定句中，强调主句所表达的时间，距离短，或花费的精力小，译成“不到就”。如： We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired. 我们跑了还不到一英里他就累了。 4主句含有hardly，scarcely等半否定副词时可以译为“刚就” 。这时候主句应用过去完成时态，从句用过去时，还可以用when替代before如： We had scarcely reached the school before/when the bell rang.我们刚到学校铃声就响了。,5有时还有“宁愿”的意思，如：Id shoot myself bef
31、ore I apologized to him.我宁死也不向他道歉。 6用于Itbe/take时间段before句型时 若主句是一般时将来时态，从句用一般现在时。若主句是肯定句，意思是“要过多长时间才”；若主句是否定形式翻译成“用不了多久就”。如：It will be two weeks before everything returns to normal.两周之后一切才能恢复正常。 若主句是一般过去时从句也是一般过去时。若主句是肯定句，翻译成“多长时间之后才”，若主句是否定形式，翻译成“没过多久就”。如： It was some time before I realized the tru
32、th.过了很长一段时间我才了解到真相。,直通高考看看高考怎么考 (1)As is reported，it is 100 years_Qinghua University was founded.(2011四川卷，6) Awhen Bbefore Cafter Dsince 解析 考查固定句型。Itis/was时间段since从句，表示“自从以来已经有多长时间了”。 答案 D,(2)The girl had hardly rung the bell_the door was opened suddenly，and her friend rushed out to greet her.(2010福
33、建卷) Abefore Buntil Cas Dsince 解析 考查从属连词。句意：“这个女孩几乎没来得及按门铃门就突然被打开了，她的朋友们冲出去欢迎她。”A项意为“在之前”；B项意为“直到时(为止)”；C项意为“当的时候”；D项意为“自从以来”。选A项。B、C、D三项在从句中不合逻辑，故排除。 答案 A,(3)You cant borrow books from the school library_ you get your student card.(2009上海卷) Abefore Bif Cwhile Das 解析 考查连词，该句的意思是：在你得到你的学生卡之前你不能从学校图书馆借
34、书。所以选before。 答案 A,.品句填词 1People who cant d_between colors are said to be colorblind. 2An a_change in the weather resulted in the breakout of flu. 3We thought Mary would pass and John would fail，but contrary to e_it was the other way round. 4British Aerospace has built a scanner that m_damage to the
35、ozone(臭氧) layer. 5The cheque is not v_if it is not signed by the finance director.,6The_(应用)of new scientific discoveries to industrial production methods usually makes jobs easier to do. 7Would it be_(方便)for you to pick me up at four oclock and take me to the airport? 8Television is such a means th
36、at it keeps us informed about _(当前发生的) events. 9Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big changes in temperature，thus creating a_(稳定的) environment. 10When we plan our vacation，mother often offers_(实际的)suggestions.,答案 1.distinguish 2.abrupt 3.expectations 4.monitors 5.valid 6.applicatio
37、n 7.convenient 8.current 9stable 10.practical,.短语识境 call up；set about；in case；hang on；out of order；dive into；get through；ring off；fill in；a matter of 1We_a coffee shop to avoid the rain. 2Im sorry，but Ive to_now.I have a train to catch. 3They have sent us another form to_.,4Planning a project is jus
38、t_working out the right order to do things in. 5I dialed several times，but I just couldnt_. 6He was overlooked when they_choosing a new manager. 7_at your present job until you can get another. 8My clock was_and woke me up at 3 this morning. 9The smell of the sea_happy memories of my youth. 10Youd b
39、etter write the telephone number down_you forget.,答案 1.dived into 2.ring off 3.fill in 4.a matter of 5.get through 6.set about 7.Hang on 8.out of order 9.called up 10.in case,.翻译句子 1我明天不方便去看望你。(be convenient for) _ 2他忍受不了人们在他吃饭的时候吸烟。(cant bear doing) _ 3那张照片唤起了他童年时代的一些回忆。(call up) _ 4我们着手打扫房子。(set a
40、bout doing) _,5他到底是怎么通过驾驶考试的？(get through) _ 6由于很害羞，他不敢开口邀请她一起去看电影。(being shy) _,答案 1.It wont be convenient for me to see you tomorrow. 2He cant bear people smoking while hes eating. 3The photograph called up memories of his childhood. 4We set about cleaning the house. 5How did he ever get through h
41、is driving test? 6Being very shy，he couldnt ask her to go to the movies with him.,1短文的长度为250300个单词。 2重语境，轻语法。只有通过文章情节及语境才能正确作答。 3考查实词多，虚词少。实词指名词、动词、形容词、副词等；虚词指连词、介词、冠词等。 4生词量有增无减，构词法要求更高。 5长句增多，结构复杂。,长难句解析及写作素材集锦 After a car accident I was put into the hospital.The doctors_1_the major damage done to
42、 my body but I didnt care to see anyone or talk to anyone._2_，the nurses had been good，always leaving my door closed. But one morning I was_3_by the sounds of people out.As I pushed the button to call the_4_，I saw a little boy in the hallway.A cast(石膏)completely_5_his arm，from fingers to shoulder.In
43、 his other hand he was_6_a Teddy bear.,I heard his mother telling him to sit and wait_7_she had done.He looked_8_to me and smiled at me.Then without_9_he came running into my room.As I was silently cursing the nurses for leaving my door_10_，the smile upon his face_11_. He stood next to my bed.With h
44、is_12_arm he held out his bear which was missing an eye.I lay there，not_13_what he was wanting from me.He said，“This is Teddy.Hes still_14_.Could you keep him here till he gets better？” I_15_and took Teddy.I promised I would take care of Teddy until the time he got better.,Just then the boys_16_call
45、ed him.He looked back and said，“Bye mister，bye Teddy！” and ran out of the room.I sat there_17_Teddy for a long time.The nurse responded to my_18_just in time catching the tears rolling down my cheeks. I have kept Teddy since that day in the hospital.Just recently I sent Teddy to the most_19_person in my life.She has the most incredible_20