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1、后浇带梁板模板施工工艺*限公司目 录1、前言2、施工特点3、适用范围4、工艺原理5、施工流程及施工要点6、主要机具设备7、劳动组织8、质量标准9、安全环境措施10、技术经济效益分析11、主要工程应用实例1、前言目前，在建筑工程中，为了功能的需要和解决高层主体与裙房间的差异沉降、钢筋混凝土的收缩变形以及混凝土的温度应力等问题，后浇带方法在建筑工程中已广泛应用。后浇带梁板模板施工的传统工艺同普通梁板支模方法，即采用顶撑加固，在后浇带混凝土浇筑过程中顶架系统不可避免地存在微沉降变形，新旧混凝土接缝处很难做到平整合一，施工中经常会出现漏浆错台的现象，即影响了后浇带混凝土的结构质量，又造成观感上不理想。
2、特别是梁板筋较密的，有的还设计了加强筋，对施工缝的处理，经常做不到位，漏浆较多，清理很困难，特别是清理梁内时，有时不得不将梁模板及支撑拆除后清理，用工较多，也不能保证结构的安全和质量。现在结构施工愈来愈倾向于清水混凝土，不另做抹灰粉刷，因此后浇带的模板制作安装的质量如何将直接影响到混凝土的内在质量及表观质量，加强后浇带模板工程的质量管理及工艺改进，对提高混凝土的工程的质量、降低成本有着及其重要的意义。我公司以1、2、3工程为施工经验进行推广应用，效果很好。2、施工特点2.1施工操作简便，刚度和强度较好、整体稳定性较强、安装和加固简单，浇注出来的混凝土产品表面平整及表观质量较好。2.2在安全性能
3、方面有很大的提高和保障，可靠安全。2.3节省人力和物力，降低工程成本，经济效益和生产效率可观。2.4采用的木胶合板模板具有表面平整光滑、材质轻、价格低、易脱模，具有防水、耐磨，使用寿命长，价格低，周转使用率高。3、适用范围适用于高低结构的高层住宅、公共建筑及超长结构的现浇钢筋混凝土结构中后浇带模板的施工，其他有特殊要求结构中的后浇带模板施工可参照本方法。4、工艺原理后浇带是结构全断开的，从受力角度来看，如果混凝土强度达到100%，结构体系由超静定结构变为了静定结构，受力情况也跟着发生了变化，这时，如拆除模板，后浇带两侧的梁、板端部有可能会下垂，甚至梁、板面根部开裂、破坏。但是如将后浇带看作施工
4、缝，即在支设后浇带所在一跨梁板模板时，留设与后浇带同宽度的梁板模板不支设，先浇混凝土的模板拆除时，采用边拆模边换撑的方法，确保结构质量。5、施工流程及施工要点5.1施工流程后浇带处梁板模板安装工艺流程弹出梁轴线及水平线并复核搭设梁板模支架安装梁底模板安装后浇带两侧模板及钢筋混凝土浇筑养护先浇砼强度达到拆模要求后拆模换撑施工缝凿毛清理保潮安装梁底模板调整标高安装侧梁模安装另一侧梁模安装梁上下锁口楞、斜撑楞及腰楞和对拉螺栓检查模板上皮标高、平整度与相邻模板连固5.2施工要点5.2.1安装前的准备工作后浇带梁板模板工程的施工，除了按照常规要求，做好施工准备总体部署外，并要针对后浇带梁板模板施工的特点
5、，做好以下准备工作：5.2.1安排好后浇带模板加工堆放场地由于后浇带处模板需要单独制作，单独存放，使用方便直接吊运。在拟建工程的附近，留出一定面积的存放区。5.2.2模板设计制作（1）确定所建工程的施工区、段划分。根据工程结构的形式、特点及后浇带的位置等条件，合理确定模板工程施工的流水区段，以减少模板投入，增加周转次数，均衡工序工程（钢筋、模板、混凝土工序）的作业量。（2）确定结构模板平面施工总图。在总图中标志出后浇带处各种构件的型号、位置、数量、尺寸、标高及相同或略加拼补即相同的构件的替代关系并编号，以减少配板的种类、数量和明确模板的替代流向与位置。（3）确定模板配板平面布置及支撑布置。根据
6、总图对后浇带处的模板单独设计出配板图。应标志出不同型号、尺寸单块模板平面布置，纵横龙骨规格、数量及排列尺寸；支撑系统的竖向支撑、侧向支撑、横向拉接件的型号、间距。（4）绘图与验算：在进行模板配板布置及支撑系统布置的基础上，要严格对其强度、刚度及稳定性进行验算，合格后要绘制全套模板设计图，其中包括：后浇带模板平面布置配板图，分块图、组装图、节点大样图、零件及非定型拼接件加工图。5.2.3技术交流针对后浇带模板工程施工的特点，做好施工班组的技术交底工作。5.2.4涂刷脱模剂先清理板面浮渣，再涂刷脱模剂，涂层要薄而均匀，涂敷脱模剂后的模板不能长时间放置，以防雨淋或落上灰尘，影响脱模效果。5.3模板的
7、安装5.3.1后浇带两边的模板安装（1）在柱子上弹出轴线、梁位置线和水平线。（2）梁板支架的排列、间距要符合模板设计和施工方案的规定。一般情况下，梁支顶间距400900mm不等，板支顶间距为8001200mm，大龙骨间距为6001200mm，小龙骨间距为200400mm，支顶排列要考虑设置施工通道。（3）采用多层支架支模时，支顶应垂直，上下层支架应在同一竖向中心线上，而且要确保多层支架间在竖向与水平向的稳定。（4）按照设计标高调整支柱的标高，然后安装龙骨，并拉线找平。当跨度等于或大于4m时，跨中梁底处应按设计要求起拱，如设计无要求时，起拱高度为梁跨度的13。主次梁交接时，先主梁起拱，后次梁起拱
8、。（5）若支柱支撑在基土面上时，应对基土平整夯实，满足承载力要求，并铺垫脚板。（6）支顶在楼层高度4.5m以下时，应设二道水平拉杆和剪刀撑，若楼层高度在4.5m以上时要另行做施工方案。（7）梁模板：根据弹线安装梁底、梁侧模板，纵横龙骨等。后浇带处梁底模可以铺设，梁侧模板不要铺设。梁侧模板制作高度应根据梁高及楼板模板碰旁或压旁来确定。当梁高超过700mm时，梁侧模板宜加穿梁螺栓加固。（8）板模安装可从四周或从后浇带一侧铺起，在中间收口。若为压旁时，角位模板应拉通线钉固。后浇带处板底模板可以不用铺设。（9）梁、板施工缝要顺直，立面要垂直，又必须控制好钢筋的保护层厚度。为保证底板后浇带接缝处的钢筋严
9、密顺直，在板底支模时，在后浇带边通长加一条15mm厚30mm宽的板条，作为控制底板钢筋保护层厚度。（10）在支设时后浇带所在一跨梁板处模板应独成一体，在后浇带处留设与后浇带同宽度的施工缝，此处梁板模不支（见附图一）。（11）注意钢筋的防锈处理，注意施工荷载的避让，尽量在堆放模板等物品时避开后浇区域。还要做好防护工作，避免从后浇带处落下杂物造成伤害5.3.2后浇带模板安装（1）指派专人负责保持后浇带内的清洁，防止后浇带内的钢筋锈蚀，或钢筋被压弯、踩弯。在封闭施工后浇带之前，应将后浇带内的杂物清理干净，做好钢筋的除锈工作，并将两侧混凝土凿毛，用压力水冲洗干净，涂刷界面剂。在浇筑后浇带混凝土前，应将
10、接槎处的混凝土进一步清理干净，保湿保潮24h，经隐检、预检合格。（2）搭设梁板模支架，支撑系统必须搭设稳固，有足够的刚度和强度。安装梁底模板及梁底横撑或梁卡具，再安装板模，与后浇带两侧的模板拼缝严密，周边粘贴海绵条，与相邻模板连固，防止变形、胀模、漏浆，又便于安装拆除。（3）安装板模纵横钢（木）楞，调整可调式钢支柱标高，检查模板上平标高、平整度，模板与已浇筑混凝土面接缝严密，板底平整度2mm，与已浇筑混凝土高低差2mm。（4）安装梁侧模板及上下锁口楞、斜撑楞、腰楞和对拉螺栓，加固牢固。（5）后浇带模板支设图见附图二。5.4模板拆除（1）在支设后浇带处的模板时可以拆除后浇带两侧的模板，后浇带梁板
11、在悬臂处底板模板的拆除顺序是：梁底模拆除梁底支顶顶板模拆除顶板支顶。禁止梁、板同时拆除，再回顶。但在后浇带施工封闭前，后浇带处梁、板模板的支撑不得拆除，否则可能引起各部分结构的承载能力和稳定问题，同时后浇带跨内不得施加其他荷载，例如放置施工设备、堆放施工材料等，以保证结构安全。并做好后浇带两侧的临时支护。在拆模换撑时，更要注意后浇带附近的支护质量，防止在拆除模板过程中，由于支撑松动、移位等造成结构开裂。（2）后浇带砼的拆模必须严格执行混凝土结构工程施工质量验收规范（GB50204-2002）的有关条款规定，以同条件试块达到规定要求后经批准方可拆除。后浇带模板支撑体系必须待后浇带混凝土强度达到设
12、计强度后，按由上向下顺序拆除。（3）模板工程作业组织，应遵循支模与拆模统由一个作业班组执行作业。其好处是，支模就考虑拆模的方便与安全，拆模时，人员熟知情况，易找拆模关键点位，对拆模进度、安全、模板及配件的保护都有利。（4）拆装模板的顺序和方法，应按照配板设计的规定进行。若无设计规定时，应遵循先支后拆，后支先拆；先拆不承重的模板，后拆承重部分的模板；自上而下，支架先拆侧向支撑，后拆竖向支撑等原则。但拆除跨度较大的梁底模板时，应从跨中开始下调支柱顶翼托螺杆，然后向两端逐根下调，再做后续作业。拆除梁底摸支柱时，宜从跨中向两端作业。（5）已拆除模板及支架的结构，在混凝土达到设计强度等级后方允许承受全部
13、使用荷载；当施工荷载所产生的效应比使用荷载的效应更不利时，必须经核算，加设临时支撑。（6）后浇带处模板拆除后用竹胶板加以覆盖保护，特别在首层后浇带处应覆盖严密，防止施工用水或雨水流淌进入地下。6、主要机具设备铁木榔头、活动（套口）板子、水平尺、钢卷尺、托线板、轻便爬梯、脚手板、吊车等。7、劳动组织经过培训的施工专业人员若干，其中放线工、木工、瓦工、机械工及电工各若干。为保证质量及进度，施工过程前对工人进行技术交底，按每天每人15平方米进行施工，同时安排专人进行安全、质量在现场检查管理。8、质量标准8.1 模板支撑、立柱位置应上下层对齐，并铺设垫板，下层楼板应具有承受上层荷载的承受能力。8.2在
14、涂刷模板隔离剂时，不得沾污钢筋和混凝土接槎处。8.3模板的接槎不应漏浆，在浇筑混凝土前，模板内的杂物应清理干净，木模板应浇水湿润，但模板内不应有积水。8.4固定在模板上的预埋件、预留孔和预留洞均不得遗漏，位置准确，且应安装牢固。8.5模板安装允许偏差：梁轴线位置5mm，底模上表面标高5 mm，截面内部尺寸+4、-5 mm，板相邻两板表面高低差2mm，表面平整度5mm。8.6后浇带模板的拆除和支顶应按施工技术方案执行，底模及其支架拆除时的混凝土强度应符合设计要求，当设计无具体要求时，混凝土强度应符合混凝土结构工程施工质量验收规范（GB50204-2002）4.3.1条有关规定。8.7模板拆除时，
15、不应对楼层形成冲击荷载。拆除的模板和支架宜分散堆放并及时清运。9、安全环境措施按照国家颁发的建筑机械使用安全技术规程施工。10、技术经济效益分析10.1后浇带模板施工方法，节约了材料、人工，缩短了工期，降低了工程成本，取得了良好的经济效益。也保证了工程质量和施工安全要求。施工出来的混凝土成品表面平整和垂直度有保证，不需抹灰找平，可直接刮涂料，这样节省抹灰的费用，同时可缩短整体施工工期。只莒南检察院办公楼工程就节约人工、材料费18.21万元，并提前28d 主体完工。10.2后浇带模板施工简单、方便，消耗的劳动力和机械较少。10.3后浇带模板施工的应用，显示了它的独特性，体现了新技术、新工艺综合利
16、用的优势，通过实践更深化了后浇带模板的施工工艺，各项施工都获得了成功，技术经济和社会效益都十分显著，对后浇带模板应用技术的发展、应用范围、施工技术的更新都具有积极的意义。11、主要工程应用实例工程名称结构形式建筑面积m2结构总长度m结构总宽度m建筑层数施工时间框架1300067.855.5412框架729156.617.044框架1126072.6620.37118（英文版 ） easily blame, to prevent the broken window effect. Supervise the leading cadres to play an exemplary role, ta
17、ke the lead in the strict implementation of the and , lead to safeguard the solemnity and authority of the party discipline, ensure that the party discipline and the laws and regulations for implementation in place. Throughout the discipline in the daily supervision and management, strengthen superv
18、ision and inspection, from the thorough investigation of violations of discipline behavior. Strengthen to key areas, key departments and key projects as well as the masses reflect the concentration of the units and departments for supervision. - strengthening supervision, discipline inspection and s
19、upervision of cadres to set an example for compliance with the and is a man must be hexyl, blacksmith needs its own hardware. Discipline inspection organs as the executor of the party discipline, and supervisor of the defenders, for its supervision must be more strictly, discipline inspection and su
20、pervision of cadres to firmly establish the awareness of Party Constitution, sense of discipline and rules consciousness, politics loyalty, sense obey. Action speak Ji Ordinance to set an example of the regulations of the rule of law, strengthen supervision and accept the supervision of the firmness
21、 and consciousness, do comply with and . To firmly establish the discipline must first be disciplined, the supervisor will be subject to the supervision of concept, and consciously safeguard and implement party compasses party, take the lead in practicing three strict real strict, so loyal, clean, p
22、lay. To be good at learning, the Constitution and the as morality, politics and brought to fruition; to implement , do not want to, dare not, not with disciplinary ruler to supervision; to discipline a ruler, often the control inspection, and consciously in the ideological red line to draw the row M
23、ing Good accumulation is indeed the bottom line, so that the heart has fear, said to have quit, the line has ended. Attached: indifferent to heart, calmly to the table in our life, there are many unpredictable things will happen, some good, some bad things, we cannot control is powerless to stop, bu
24、t with time, you will find in life sometimes turns out to be not good, some bad things finally turned out to be a good thing, but then we muddy however did not know, this is the life teach us things. 1, life can be complex, can also be simple. Want simple life of precipitation, to have enough time t
25、o reflect, to make Become more perfect. Life is the most important thing is not to win, but the struggle; not to have conquered, but to have fought well. 2, the plain is the background of life. Live a plain life, give up on themselves is not a coward, but the wise answers; not disillusioned after th
26、e heart, such as ashes, but experience the storm after the enlightenment; not unrewarding perfunctorily, but calm attitude of life of unrestrained self-confidence. Plain living, there is no noise noisy, no earthly troubles, more did not fill in the discontent of desire, some just a calm, a calm. 3,
27、memory of heart will not good things to erase the, life is a When no movie, pain is a beginning, the struggle is a kind of process, death is a kind of ending. Give up this giving up is the helpless, do not give up the abandoned, do not give up this giving up is ignorance, do not give up should not g
28、ive up is persistent. 4, a thing figured is heaven, think impassability is hell. Since the living, to live better. Sometimes we because of too narrow-minded, too care around the chores and penny wise and pound foolish, not worth the candle. Some things to attract trouble and worry, completely depend
29、s on how we look at and deal with it. Dont always take everything back to things, and dont get into a blind alley, dont want to face, dont be narrow-minded. Poke to care, is a kind of open-minded, a free and easy. 5, I am not afraid of others behind me a knife, I afraid to look back and see stab me,
30、 is my intention to treat people; I am not afraid of the truth to tell the best friend, Im afraid he turned to it as a joke to tell dont 6, when we are in a positive frame of mind, you will find many good things; and when we are in a negative state of mind, you will find many depressed things; life
31、happy and worry, all is you of life attitude, optimistic, good luck; loss of sink, Eritrea company. When you are in adversity, may wish to change a point of view to think everything over to the good Think, because good mentality decided the fate of the! 7, people are tired, rest; heart tired, calm.
32、Grow up, mature, this society read. Tired and sad, squat down, to their a hug. Because the world no one can sympathize with you, have mercy on you. You cry, tears is your own; you pain, no one can understand. Then you only tears to smile. 8, each people have youth,Each youth are a story, the life of
33、 the world never gets easier, I want what, wish the world all know, as has been the same; now want anything, for fear that others know, or like to lose the same. 9, the heart move, everything in the world is followed by birth, Rangrang, important thing is often the most difficult to open ones mouth,
34、 because words will reduce its importance; to let strangers people care about your life in the good things, the original is not easy 10, do not blame, do not laugh at who, also dont envy who. Like a person is a kind of feeling, not like a person is true. The truth is easy to explain, I feel Is unspe
35、akable. The best travel life is that you in a strange place found a long lost touched. 11, happy life not in the bustling in, and in the peace of mind; no matter how many grievances, how uncomfortable, and ultimately to heal themselves or their own, others may got you to comfort, but never know your
36、 heart is how wanjianchuanxin. 12, maam, like a movie, learn to appreciate, learn to be grateful, learn tolerance, and goodness, helping others. Instead of accusing the society, as into one; and an exception is better to give than to what 13, dont envy him A sum of, dont lose your life and the life,
37、 respectively is: the former is a we experienced cannot escape in a day finally will last minute, while the latter is our persistent, we want to cherish the memory of those people and things. 14, learn to smile, learn to strong, the world you know so many people, so many people and you are, you cann
38、ot change also cant let everyone like you, so also do not want to do. Life is too short to go crazy to love to go to waste, to chase the dream to regret. 15, when temper, a blessing to go. A wounding elegant people, the key is to control their own emotions. With the mouth is the most stupid behavior
39、. A control negative emotions than a can take a city more powerful water flow slow, language is expensive. People spent two years of time to learn to speak, but to spend a few years time to shut up. That is a kind of ability, that is a kind of wisdom. 16, life is not perfect, sometimes, growth is no
40、t a cry, not an eyeful of tears, there is no trace of emotion, there is no gleam of hope, no desire, no action, no static, there is only one kind of downward sinking feeling, sink A murky? 6? 7? 6? 7 sink? 6? 7? 6? 7 toward the bottom of the sink. 17, in some way, do not go, you will not know the ot
41、her side scenery is beautiful. To you is not good, you do not mind too much, no one has an obligation to you; you learn knowledge, is you have weapons, you can start from scratch, but not unarmed; how do you treat people, does not represent how others treat you, if cannot see through this point, onl
42、y inviting worry. 18, time is like a sponge in the water, as long as you are willing to squeeze, the total water is still there. Every life, after the ups and downs The best test of live, to life, survival and continuation, do not stop the struggle in the joys and sorrows of life on the road, so tha
43、t different soul to bear life beat, acceptance of suffering. 19, indifferent to heart, calmly in table, elegant and comfortable life, do not take what is so important. The pursuit will be disappointed; to be alive, you will have trouble. Life is the most afraid of what all want to care about, but al
44、so what all grasp is not firm, without scenery, separated populations, such as not to desire, all docked in the fate of the end. Why is too rigid, the natural, to go stay not to live, let go of obsession, revel is 20, if the fate of the broken Hopes of sailing, please dont despair, the coast is stil
45、l, if the fate of the withered petals of the beautiful, please do not sink, the spring is still, life will always be endless trouble, please dont helpless, because they are still alive, is still a dream, the sun still, we still. Lost, keep memories; to get, must work to; but the most important is go
46、od to cherish their own. 21, life, select the complex, is to choose the pain; choose a simple, is choose to be happy. The complex world like aSignificance of pride. Hope is the ornate palace, outside people admiring the magnificent, living in the deep knowledge of living it to pay the price. Simple
47、world as a simple log cabin outside ridiculed shabby, the heart is willing to go live to know the joy. Suffering and joy is their own choice. 22, learn how to use a single powerful heart, let the past be the past, let the future come. Life is really the end of the end of an eagle is flying wings, li
48、fe is constantly pursuit. Dont miss to regret, dont wait for old just miss. Time to return, seize every moment, again painstakingly again tired also Those struggling to fly. 23, life could not Yimapingchuan, even flat pavement, inevitably there will be a few pieces of roadblocks. Some of the rocks around the past, while others have to move it out. Just move others put the ston