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1、新建青岛北站I标段桥涵工程 编号：框架桥涵防水层及沉降缝施工作业指导书单 位：青北客站站场工程作业队编 制： 审 核： 批 准： 2011年6月15日发布 2010年6月15日实施目 录1.编制依据.12.适用范围.13.施工前的准备.14.技术要求.25.框架桥涵防水层施工工艺及方法.25.1箱身顶板防水层施工方法及工艺流程25.1.1防水卷材施工的关键步骤35.1.2水泥砂浆找平层施工35.1.3基层处理剂的涂刷35.1.4防水卷材铺贴的方法及要求45.1.5防水卷材施工要求45.1.6保护层施工45.1.7特殊部位防水处理55.2箱身侧面防水层65.2.1防水涂料施工要求66.框架桥涵沉
2、降缝施工方法.66.1基础部分.76.2沉降缝防水的构造形式76.2.1止水带施工工艺流程76.2.2止水带施工方法86.2.3止水带施工步骤86.2.4止水带常用的固定方法86.2.5止水带施工注意事项9框架桥涵防水层及沉降缝施工作业指导书1.编制依据青岛北客站ZH-1标桥涵施工图说明、钢筋混凝土框架桥涵（青枢（施）桥参02）、钢筋混凝土框架涵（青枢（施）桥参03）、铁路桥涵施工规范（TB102032002）、客货共线铁路桥工程施工技术指南（TZ2032008）、铁路桥涵工程施工质量验收标准等。2.适用范围本作业指导书适用于青岛北客站综合（）标段范围内框架桥涵防水层及沉降缝施工。3.施工前的
3、准备（1）防水工作施工前，应进行图纸会审、掌握施工中的细部构造及有关技术要求，并应编制防水施工方案和技术措施。（2）技术主管应向作业班组进行技术交底。内容包括：施工部位、施工顺序、施工工艺、构造层次，节点设防方法、增强部位及做法、工程质量标准、保证质量的技术措施，成品保护措施和安全注意事项。（3）防水层所用的材料应有材料质量证明文件，并经指定的质量部门认证，确保其质量符合技术要求。进场材料应按规定抽样复验，提出实验报告，严禁在工程中用不合格的产品；（4）准备好熬制或拌合胶粘剂、运输防水材料、涂刷胶结剂，嵌填密封材料、铺展卷材、清扫基层等施工操作中各种必须的工具、用具、机械以及安全设施、灭火器材
4、；（5）检查找平层的质量是否符合图纸设计要求（6）检查找平层含水量是否满足铺贴卷材的要求：将1塑料薄膜（或卷材）在太阳（白天）下铺放与找平层上，34h后，掀起塑料薄膜（或卷材）检查五水印，即可进行防水卷材的施工。4.技术要求（1）防水卷材粘贴密实，表面平整，无歪斜、无褶皱、鼓泡、接口不严或边缘翘起现象（2）为保证防水卷材和防水涂料的施工质量，混凝土面和防水材料，铺装面基层必须平整、干净、湿润、无凹凸、无不平浮灰、油污、蜂窝及麻面。（3）框架桥涵沉降缝端面应竖直、平整、上下不得应有交错，填料应填塞密实，保证不出现间断、空鼓和漏水现象。5.框架桥涵防水层施工工艺及方法5.1箱身顶板防水层施工方法及
5、工艺流程框架桥涵箱身顶面的防水采用防水卷材，其结构示意图如下：施工工艺流程：基层表面清理砂浆找平涂刷粘结剂定位、弹线、试铺铺贴卷材收头处理、节点密封清理、检查、修整保护层施工。5.1.1防水卷材施工的关键步骤（1）防水卷材施工时，其关键是基层必须有足够的排水坡度，并且干净、干燥；（2）搭接缝必须耐久、可靠，在合理年限内不得脱开；（3）施工铺贴时松紧适度，高分子防水卷材后期收缩大，铺时必须松而不皱，由于防水卷材温度性强，必须拉紧铺贴；（4）卷材端头（包括与脱膜结合处）的固定和密封必须牢固严密。5.1.2水泥砂浆找平层施工铺砂浆前，基层表面应清扫干净并洒水湿润，按2%的坡度采用M10水泥砂浆找坡，
6、待砂浆稍收水后，用抹子抹平压实压光。5.1.3基层处理剂的涂刷铺贴防水卷材前要检查找平层的质量和干燥程度并加以清扫，符合要求后方可进行。粘结剂涂刷要薄而均匀，不得有空白、麻点、气泡。粘结剂涂刷的注意事项:（1）施工时应将已配置好的和分桶包装的各组分按配合比搅拌均匀；（2）一次喷、涂面积，根据基层粘结剂干燥时间的长短和施工进度的快慢来决定。面积过大，来不及铺贴卷材，时间过长易被风沙尘土污染或露水打湿，面积过小，影响下道工序的进行，拖延工期。（3）粘结剂涂刷后宜在当天铺完防水层5.1.4防水卷材铺贴的方法及要求（1）铺贴方向：卷材的铺贴方向根据箱顶坡度来确定，由于框架桥涵箱顶采用2%的“人”字坡，
7、卷材铺贴应平行于桥涵轴线（2）施工顺序：铺贴应按从底到高、从下往上进行施工。（3）搭接方法及宽度要求：防水卷材铺贴采用整副卷材，搭接宽度不小于8cm。5.1.5防水卷材施工要求（1）为保证质量，混凝土面和防水材料，铺装面基层必须平整、干净、湿润、无凹凸、无不平浮灰、油污、蜂窝及麻面。（2）准备好防水卷材，黏结剂、圆形防水材料搅合桶、220V电源、手枪式搅拌器、量具、刮板等。（3）防水卷材的搭接厚度不小于8cm，防水涂料涂刷厚度为1.5mm，前后两次的涂层应接好茬。（4）对铺贴好的防水卷材应做好成品保护。5.1.6保护层施工保护层采用C40细石纤维混凝土，可以采用聚丙烯纤维网或聚丙烯腈纤维拌合混
8、凝土。保护层纤维混凝土指标及所有材料的规格、质量、性能等应符合设计要求，当设计无设计要求时符合客货共线桥梁防水体系（通桥20068061）规定，纤维混凝土材料：水泥采用强度等级42.5普通硅酸盐水泥，中砂粒径小于1mm，碎石粒径不大于10mm，聚丙烯纤维网及聚丙烯腈纤维在混凝土中掺和量1.8kg/m及1.0kg/m3。保护层纤维混凝土施工应符合下列规定：（1）纤维混凝土采用强制搅拌，施工时将各种材料同时倒入强制拌合机中拌和，搅拌时间不得少于3min。（2）将混合均匀的纤维混凝土均匀铺设在防水层上，使用平板振捣器进行轻缓振捣，振捣时间应达20s左右，直到无可见孔洞为止。（3）抹面应在混凝土接近初
9、凝时进行，抹面工具表面应光滑以免带出纤维。（4）保护层制作完成后，应采用覆盖措施保持其表面潮湿。常温自然养护时，当环境相对湿度小于60%时保湿养护应不小于28d，相对湿度在60%以上时保湿养护应不小于14d。（5）保护层应按箱顶纵向每隔4m设置一道宽约10mm，深约20mm的横向断缝，当保护层混凝土强度达到设计强度的50%以上时，用聚氨酯防水涂料将断缝填实、填满，并不得污染保护层。（6）纤维混凝土保护层厚度和顶面流水坡应符合设计要求，表面应平整，排水应畅通。5.1.7特殊部位防水处理框架顶板边角处防水采用防水涂料封边，涂料封边宽度不小于80mm。5.2箱身侧面防水层框架桥涵侧面防水是在凝固后的
10、圬工表面涂两层单组分聚氨酯防水涂料，防水涂料外侧填筑1520cm厚不透水土壤保护层，其结构示意图如下：另一种箱身侧面防水是采用混凝土护壁上涂刷防水涂料做防水，防水涂料的外侧不在设不透水土壤，施工前应保证混凝土护臂表面平整、无凹凸、蜂窝、麻面。5.2.1防水涂料施工要求（1）为保证质量，混凝土面和防水材料，铺装面基层必须平整、干净、湿润、无凹凸、无不平浮灰、油污、蜂窝及麻面；（2）防水涂料必须按照产品使用说明进行配比，防水涂料应搅拌均匀，每次搅拌以30kg为宜，搅拌时间约35分钟，砂粒径2040cm为宜；（3）聚氨酯防水涂料课选用喷涂或刮涂的施工方式。厚度月2mm，应分两次喷涂均匀，喷涂后应随即
11、喷洒砂一层；6.框架桥涵沉降缝施工方法沉降缝的施工，要做到是沉降缝两边的构造物能自由沉降，又能严密防止水分渗透，故沉降缝必须贯穿整个断面（包括基础）。6.1基础部分为避免结构物不均匀沉陷，按照设计要求在基础垫层设置宽度3cm沉降缝，施工时嵌入厚度为3mm的塑料泡沫板。6.2沉降缝防水的构造形式箱身沉降缝设计宽度是3cm，采用橡胶止水带止水，箱身内侧采用聚苯乙烯硬质泡沫板嵌缝，外侧采用遇水膨胀橡胶和弹性密封膏嵌缝。沉降缝防水构造形式如下图：6.2.1止水带施工工艺流程止水带施工包括加工钢筋卡，固定钢筋卡、固定止水带等环节其施工工艺流程如下所示：施工准备安装钢筋卡固定止水带浇筑箱体混凝土结束（1）
12、橡胶止水带在混凝土浇筑过程中应部分或全部浇埋进混凝土中。（2）在浇筑混凝土以前要先使其在界面部位保持平展，接头部分粘接紧固，再以适当的力充分浇捣，震荡混凝土定位止水带，使其与混凝土良好结合，以免影响止水效果。6.2.2止水带施工方法（1）橡胶止水带在混凝土浇筑过程中应部分或全部浇埋进混凝土中。（2）在浇筑混凝土以前要先使其在界面部位保持平展，接头部分粘接紧固，再以适当的力充分浇捣，震荡混凝土定位止水带，使其与混凝土良好结合，以免影响止水效果。6.2.3止水带施工步骤（1）立模、安装钢筋卡；（2）安置橡胶止水带；（3）浇筑一侧混凝土；（4）拆模；（5）拉直止水带并安装遇水膨胀橡胶及聚苯乙烯硬质泡
13、沫板，另一侧固定；（6）立模浇筑另一侧混凝土；（7）嵌入弹性密封膏。6.2.4止水带常用的固定方法止水带常用的固定方法有三种：6.2.5止水带施工注意事项在施工过程中，由于混凝土中有许多夹角石子和锐刃的钢筋，所以在浇筑和定位止水带时，应注意浇捣的冲击力，以免由于力量过大而刺破橡胶止水带。如发现有破裂现象应及时修补，否则在接缝变形和受水压时橡胶止水带所能抵抗外力就会大幅度降低。具体注意事项如下：（1）在定位橡胶止水带时，一定使其在界面部位保持平展，更不能让止水带翻液、扭结、如发现有扭结不展现象应及时进行调整。（2）在固定止水带时，只能在止水带的容许部位上穿孔打洞，不得损坏本体部分，并应防止止水带
14、偏移，以免单侧缩短，影响止水效果。（3）在混凝土浇捣时，还必须充分震荡，以免止水带和混凝土结合不良影响止水效果。（4）止水带接头必须粘结良好，一般采用热硫化的连接方法，不加任何处理的所谓“搭接”是不容许的。（5）止水带接头处应重叠打劫后在粘接固定，沿沉降缝形成闭合环路，其间不得有断点。第116页（英文版 ） easily blame, to prevent the broken window effect. Supervise the leading cadres to play an exemplary role, take the lead in the strict implementa
15、tion of the and , lead to safeguard the solemnity and authority of the party discipline, ensure that the party discipline and the laws and regulations for implementation in place. Throughout the discipline in the daily supervision and management, strengthen supervision and inspection, from the thoro
16、ugh investigation of violations of discipline behavior. Strengthen to key areas, key departments and key projects as well as the masses reflect the concentration of the units and departments for supervision. - strengthening supervision, discipline inspection and supervision of cadres to set an examp
17、le for compliance with the and is a man must be hexyl, blacksmith needs its own hardware. Discipline inspection organs as the executor of the party discipline, and supervisor of the defenders, for its supervision must be more strictly, discipline inspection and supervision of cadres to firmly establ
18、ish the awareness of Party Constitution, sense of discipline and rules consciousness, politics loyalty, sense obey. Action speak Ji Ordinance to set an example of the regulations of the rule of law, strengthen supervision and accept the supervision of the firmness and consciousness, do comply with a
19、nd . To firmly establish the discipline must first be disciplined, the supervisor will be subject to the supervision of concept, and consciously safeguard and implement party compasses party, take the lead in practicing three strict real strict, so loyal, clean, play. To be good at learning, the Con
20、stitution and the as morality, politics and brought to fruition; to implement , do not want to, dare not, not with disciplinary ruler to supervision; to discipline a ruler, often the control inspection, and consciously in the ideological red line to draw the row Ming Good accumulation is indeed the
21、bottom line, so that the heart has fear, said to have quit, the line has ended. Attached: indifferent to heart, calmly to the table in our life, there are many unpredictable things will happen, some good, some bad things, we cannot control is powerless to stop, but with time, you will find in life s
22、ometimes turns out to be not good, some bad things finally turned out to be a good thing, but then we muddy however did not know, this is the life teach us things. 1, life can be complex, can also be simple. Want simple life of precipitation, to have enough time to reflect, to make Become more perfe
23、ct. Life is the most important thing is not to win, but the struggle; not to have conquered, but to have fought well. 2, the plain is the background of life. Live a plain life, give up on themselves is not a coward, but the wise answers; not disillusioned after the heart, such as ashes, but experien
24、ce the storm after the enlightenment; not unrewarding perfunctorily, but calm attitude of life of unrestrained self-confidence. Plain living, there is no noise noisy, no earthly troubles, more did not fill in the discontent of desire, some just a calm, a calm. 3, memory of heart will not good things
25、 to erase the, life is a When no movie, pain is a beginning, the struggle is a kind of process, death is a kind of ending. Give up this giving up is the helpless, do not give up the abandoned, do not give up this giving up is ignorance, do not give up should not give up is persistent. 4, a thing fig
26、ured is heaven, think impassability is hell. Since the living, to live better. Sometimes we because of too narrow-minded, too care around the chores and penny wise and pound foolish, not worth the candle. Some things to attract trouble and worry, completely depends on how we look at and deal with it
27、. Dont always take everything back to things, and dont get into a blind alley, dont want to face, dont be narrow-minded. Poke to care, is a kind of open-minded, a free and easy. 5, I am not afraid of others behind me a knife, I afraid to look back and see stab me, is my intention to treat people; I
28、am not afraid of the truth to tell the best friend, Im afraid he turned to it as a joke to tell dont 6, when we are in a positive frame of mind, you will find many good things; and when we are in a negative state of mind, you will find many depressed things; life happy and worry, all is you of life
29、attitude, optimistic, good luck; loss of sink, Eritrea company. When you are in adversity, may wish to change a point of view to think everything over to the good Think, because good mentality decided the fate of the! 7, people are tired, rest; heart tired, calm. Grow up, mature, this society read.
30、Tired and sad, squat down, to their a hug. Because the world no one can sympathize with you, have mercy on you. You cry, tears is your own; you pain, no one can understand. Then you only tears to smile. 8, each people have youth,Each youth are a story, the life of the world never gets easier, I want
31、 what, wish the world all know, as has been the same; now want anything, for fear that others know, or like to lose the same. 9, the heart move, everything in the world is followed by birth, Rangrang, important thing is often the most difficult to open ones mouth, because words will reduce its impor
32、tance; to let strangers people care about your life in the good things, the original is not easy 10, do not blame, do not laugh at who, also dont envy who. Like a person is a kind of feeling, not like a person is true. The truth is easy to explain, I feel Is unspeakable. The best travel life is that
33、 you in a strange place found a long lost touched. 11, happy life not in the bustling in, and in the peace of mind; no matter how many grievances, how uncomfortable, and ultimately to heal themselves or their own, others may got you to comfort, but never know your heart is how wanjianchuanxin. 12, m
34、aam, like a movie, learn to appreciate, learn to be grateful, learn tolerance, and goodness, helping others. Instead of accusing the society, as into one; and an exception is better to give than to what 13, dont envy him A sum of, dont lose your life and the life, respectively is: the former is a we
35、 experienced cannot escape in a day finally will last minute, while the latter is our persistent, we want to cherish the memory of those people and things. 14, learn to smile, learn to strong, the world you know so many people, so many people and you are, you cannot change also cant let everyone lik
36、e you, so also do not want to do. Life is too short to go crazy to love to go to waste, to chase the dream to regret. 15, when temper, a blessing to go. A wounding elegant people, the key is to control their own emotions. With the mouth is the most stupid behavior. A control negative emotions than a
37、 can take a city more powerful water flow slow, language is expensive. People spent two years of time to learn to speak, but to spend a few years time to shut up. That is a kind of ability, that is a kind of wisdom. 16, life is not perfect, sometimes, growth is not a cry, not an eyeful of tears, the
38、re is no trace of emotion, there is no gleam of hope, no desire, no action, no static, there is only one kind of downward sinking feeling, sink A murky? 6? 7? 6? 7 sink? 6? 7? 6? 7 toward the bottom of the sink. 17, in some way, do not go, you will not know the other side scenery is beautiful. To yo
39、u is not good, you do not mind too much, no one has an obligation to you; you learn knowledge, is you have weapons, you can start from scratch, but not unarmed; how do you treat people, does not represent how others treat you, if cannot see through this point, only inviting worry. 18, time is like a
40、 sponge in the water, as long as you are willing to squeeze, the total water is still there. Every life, after the ups and downs The best test of live, to life, survival and continuation, do not stop the struggle in the joys and sorrows of life on the road, so that different soul to bear life beat,
41、acceptance of suffering. 19, indifferent to heart, calmly in table, elegant and comfortable life, do not take what is so important. The pursuit will be disappointed; to be alive, you will have trouble. Life is the most afraid of what all want to care about, but also what all grasp is not firm, witho
42、ut scenery, separated populations, such as not to desire, all docked in the fate of the end. Why is too rigid, the natural, to go stay not to live, let go of obsession, revel is 20, if the fate of the broken Hopes of sailing, please dont despair, the coast is still, if the fate of the withered petal
43、s of the beautiful, please do not sink, the spring is still, life will always be endless trouble, please dont helpless, because they are still alive, is still a dream, the sun still, we still. Lost, keep memories; to get, must work to; but the most important is good to cherish their own. 21, life, s
44、elect the complex, is to choose the pain; choose a simple, is choose to be happy. The complex world like aSignificance of pride. Hope is the ornate palace, outside people admiring the magnificent, living in the deep knowledge of living it to pay the price. Simple world as a simple log cabin outside
45、ridiculed shabby, the heart is willing to go live to know the joy. Suffering and joy is their own choice. 22, learn how to use a single powerful heart, let the past be the past, let the future come. Life is really the end of the end of an eagle is flying wings, life is constantly pursuit. Dont miss
46、to regret, dont wait for old just miss. Time to return, seize every moment, again painstakingly again tired also Those struggling to fly. 23, life could not Yimapingchuan, even flat pavement, inevitably there will be a few pieces of roadblocks. Some of the rocks around the past, while others have to move it out. Just move others put the stone is very easy, because the stone from the appearance we can discern; difficult to myself to move away the heart of stone head. Leave time to spend with her, often reflect my heart, so as to remove your he