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1、,虚拟语气,第13讲,虚拟语气是通过特殊的谓语动词形式来表达愿望、假设、怀疑、猜测、或建议等语气。 eg: Long live the people! 人民万岁！ May you succeed! 祝你成功！ May you be happy all your life! 祝你一生幸福！,虚拟语气的定义,1.虚拟语气主要是用在if引导的虚拟条件从句中，表示根本不存在的情况或与现实情况相反的，或实现的可能性很小的假设。,(1)与现在事实相反,过去式(be用were),should/would/might/could+动词原形,eg: If the weathrer were fine,they
2、would go for a swim.,如果天气好，他们就去游泳了。 (事实上天气不好),eg: If we had time now,we should read it again.,要是现在有空，我们就把它看一遍。(事实现在没有空),(2)与过去事实相反,had+过去分词,should/would/could/might+have+过去分词,eg: If I had taken his advice, I should not have made such a mistake.,如果我听了他的忠告,就不会犯这样的错误了。,（事实上当初我没有听他的忠告）,(3) 对将来情况的主观推测,过去
3、式(be用were) b. should/动词原形 c. were to+动词原形,should/would/ could/might+动词原形,eg: If you dropped the glass, it would break.,杯子摔下来会打碎的。 (事实上不会摔下来),eg: If she should come, I would ask her for help.,要是她会来的话，我就请她帮忙。 (事实上她来的可能性很小),(1). 虚拟语气用在wish或as if 后面的方式状语从句中。,I wish I were a soldier. 但愿我是个战士。 （与现在事实相反）,H
4、e wished he hadnt said it. (过去事实相反),他但愿没有说过那句话。,He wished I would help him. (将来相反),他希望我帮助他。,1.If I were you, I stop them from swimming in the river. will B. would C. must D. can 2.If it , we wouldnt stay indoors. A. isnt raining B. doesnt rain C. wouldnt rain D. rain 3.What would you do if you in hi
5、s place? are B. were C. would D. will be 4.If she had worked harder,she . A.would succeed B. had succeeded C. would have succeeded 5.如果你对人更友好一些，你会有更多的朋友。 If you to people,you would have more friends.,Exercise,B,C,B,C,were more friendly,1.If I (be)you, I would buy a big house with a pool. 2.If I (kno
6、w)how to sing the song, I would have joined you that day. 3.He said that they (leave) for home the next day. 4.He suggested that they (use) a trick instead of fighting. 5.I would rather you (tell) me the truth. 6.You are late. If you (come) a few minutes earlier, you (met) him. 7.If he had been here yesterday,he (give) us more help.,Exercise,用所给词的正确形式填空。,were,had known,would leave,use,told,came,would meet,would have given,