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1、U1,Additional lnformation for the Teachers Reference,Text An Image or a Mirage,Warm-up Activities,Further Reading,Speaking Skills,Additional Work,Warm-up Activities,Warm-up 1,1. What do you think is the distinction between an image and a mirage?,An image is a general impression that a person, firm,
2、product, etc. gives to the public. A mirage is an optical illusion caused by hot air conditions, especially that of a sheet of water seeming to appear in the desert or on a hot road. It also means figuratively an illusion or hope that cannot be fulfilled. In the text the author defines “mirage” as a
3、n illusion, which means “false impression”. So we can roughly say that an image is a true impression whereas a mirage is a false one.,Warm-up 2,2. Have you ever heard about the expression “eye contact”?,Eye contact is a nonverbal communication strategy. In some cultures, when two people are in conve
4、rsation, they usually look each other straight in the eye to show their sincerity and honesty. For instance, Southern Europeans look at each other more than Northern Europeans and Americans. An Italian might think that an Englishman is cold and an Englishman might think that an Italian is very frien
5、dly.,Warm-up 3,3. Can you think of some words or expressions which can be used to describe the virtue of honesty?,For example: unassuming, diligent, look somebody straight in the eye, shake hands with somebody forcefully, tell the truth, have a clean-cut image, be willing to help other people, keep
6、ones promise, never talk with a glib tongue, have a magnetic speaking voice, etc.,Robert L. Shook (1938 ) is chairman of the Board of American Executive Corporation, American Executive Life Insurance Company, and Shook Associates Corporation. After graduating from Ohio State University, he embarked
7、on a business career and became a successful salesman. Later he began to write. His works are all about how to create and project an image which inspires trust and faith, and how to acquire the traits of charisma, charm, grace and style which are necessary to be a winner. His best books include: How
8、 to Be the Complete Professional Salesman (with Herbert M. Shook), Total Commitment (with Ron Bingaman), and Winning Images.,AIFTTR1.1,Additional lnformation for the Teachers Reference,1. Robert L. Shook,AIFTTR1.2,Winning images was first published by Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc. in 1977. Based on
9、 the theory that nothing succeeds like the appearance of success, Robert L. Shook presents in this 21-chapter book the components of the winning image, and in clear, step-by-step instructions shows the reader how to select, and then systematically create, the “right” image for him or her as well as
10、for his or her business. This book offers helpful tips to everyone aiming for the winners circle. Whether you are just starting out in a new career, struggling alone, or already established, youll learn how to play from a position of strength, with the psychological advantage of knowing that your im
11、age is helping you to the fullest.,AIFTTR2.1,2. Hollywood,Hollywood is a district within the city of Los Angeles, California, U. S., whose name is synonymous with the American motion-picture industry. Lying northwest of downtown Los Angeles, it is bounded by Hyperion Avenue and Riverside Drive (east
12、), Beverly Boulevard (south), the foothills of Santa Monica Mountains (north), and Beverly Hills (west). Since the early 1900s,when movie-making pioneers found in Southern California an ideal blend of mild climate, much sunshine, varied terrain, and a large labour market, the image of Hollywood as t
13、he fabricator of tinseled cinematic dreams has become worldwide. An adobe was the first house built (1853),AIFTTR2.2,on the site near Los Angeles, which was then a small city in the new state of California. Hollywood was laid out as a real-estate subdivision in 1887 by Horace Wilcox, a prohibitionis
14、t from Kansas who envisioned a community based on his sober religious principle. His wife, Daeida, named the area after the home of a friend in Chicago. In 1910, because of an inadequate water supply, Hollywood residents voted to consolidate with Los Angeles. In 1908 one of the first storytelling mo
15、vies, The Count of Monte Cristo, was completed in Hollywood after its filming had begun in Chicago. In 1911 a site on Sunset Boulevard was turned into Hollywoods first studio, and soon about 20 companies were producing films in the area. In 1913 Cecil B, de,AIFTTR2.3,Mille, Jesse Lasky, and Samuel G
16、oldwyn produced the Squaw Man in a bam one block from present-day Hollywood Boulevard and Vine Street, and more box-office successes soon followed. Hollywood had become the centre of the United States motionpicture industry by 1915, as more independent filmmakers relocated there from the East Coast.
17、 For more than three decades, from the silent screen through the advent of the talking picture, such men as D. W. Griffith, Goldwyn, Adolph Zukor, William Fox, Louis B. Mayer, Darry F. Zanuck, and Harry Cohn served as overlords of the great film studies 20th Century-Fox, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Paramou
18、nt, Pictures, Columbia, Warner Brothers, and others. Among the writers who,AIFTTR2.4,were fascinated with Hollywood in its “golden age” were the novelists F. Scott Fitzgerald, Aldous Huxley, Evelyn Waugh, and Nathanael West. After World War II, film studios began to move outside Hollywood; and locat
19、ion filming around the world emptied many of the famous lots and sound stages or turned them over to television show producers. With the advent of television, Hollywood began to alter its functions. By the early 1960s it had become the source of much of American network television entertainment. Amo
20、ng the features of Hollywood, aside from its working studios, are the Hollywood Bowl (1919; a natural amphitheatre “Symphonies Under the Stars” has taken place since 1922), the,AIFTTR2.5,Pilgrimage Play Amphitheater and Greek Theatre in Griffith Park, Manns (formerly Graumans) Chinese Theater (with
21、footprints and handprints of many stars in its concrete forecourt), and the California Art Club. Many stars, past and present, live in neighbouring communities such as Beverly Hills and Bel Air, and the Hollywood Cemetery contains the crypts of such perform of the gilded past as Rudolph Valentino, D
22、ouglas Fairbanks, and John Gilbert. Hollywood Boulevard, however, once a chic thoroughfare, became rather tawdry in the late 20th century, with the demise of old studio Hollywood.,AIFTTR3,3. James Bond,James Bond is a fictional British secret agent with the code name 007 (pronounced double 0 seven).
23、 He is the central character in numerous movies by Charles Broccoli. These include Goldfinger and Tomorrow Never Comes. In the last 30 years these have all been made into movies. There have been 5 actors who have brought the legend to the screen including Sean Connery and most recently Pierce Brosna
24、n.,AIFTTR4,4. Goldfinger,Goldfinger is one of the 21 James Bond films, named after the villain. Goldfinger is a gold-obsessed master criminal attempting to rob the famous American gold bank Fort Knox.,Text,An Image or a Mirage?,Notes,Introduction to the Author and the Article,Phrases and Expressions
25、,Exercises,Main idea of the Text,MIOTT1,Main idea of the Text,This selection is chosen from Chapter 17 of Winning Images by Robert L. Shook, an American writer and businessman. It depicts, as the title suggests, the identification of varied mirages as opposed to a winning image. The author mentions
26、four factors which influence peoples judgment of human honesty. Namely, eye contact, a firm handshake, a clean-cut appearance, the ability to speak well in public, and the effect produced on the listener by the sound of a name. These elements are thought to be the constituents of a winning image, an
27、d are commonly used by most people as criteria of judging integrity and personality. By citing examples respecting each of these elements, the author argues that all,MIOTT2,these factors are merely “window dressing” and that the criteria involved are sometimes invalid and misleading. In doing so, he
28、 encourages the reader to look further into a person than what he or she sees at face-value. Fundamentally he wants the reader to look deeper as the qualities a person shows may not truly represent his or her actual personality.,Introduction to the Author and the article,Introduction to the Author a
29、nd the Article,Robert L. Shook (1938 - ) is an American author and businessman. After he graduated from Ohio State University, he embarked on a business career and became a successful salesman. Later he began to write. His works are all about how to create and project an image which inspires trust a
30、nd faith, and how to acquire the traits of charisma, charm, grace and style which are necessary to be a winner. Among his best books are How To Be The Complete Professional Salesman, Total Commitment and Winning Images. In Winning Images he,Introduction to the Author and the article2,presents the co
31、mponents of a winning image, and in clear, step-by-step instructions shows the readers how to select, and then systematically create, a right image for them as well as for their business. This selection is chosen from Chapter 17 of Winning Images, in which he encourages the readers to look further i
32、nto a person than what one sees at face-value. Fundamentally he wants the readers to look deeper as the qualities a person shows may not truly represent his or her actual personality.,Part2_T1,There is a distinct difference between a winning image and a mirage. A mirage is an illusion, and in your q
33、uest for a winning image, you must be capable of identifying such mirages.,Robert L. Shook,An Image or a Mirage?,Text,One of the common misread images stems from what people think about eye contact. How many times have you heard, “You can tell hes an honest man because he looks you straight in the e
34、ye.” Evidently, many people must believe that a dishonest man feels so ashamed that hes not telling the truth that he cant even face them directly. But what about an honest individual who is too shy to look straight at you? Furthermore, a good can artist knows that many people judge integrity by the
35、 way one looks at them, so he deliberately includes eye contact in his act. Because you cant count on eye contact as an infallible test, you should never use it to evaluate another persons honesty. Nonetheless, since most people do judge others by this criterion, be sure that you always look them sq
36、uarely in the eye.,Part2_T2,Part2_T3,Evaluating a mans honesty by the way he looks at you makes no more sense than judging his integrity by the way your dog or cat reacts to him. Yet how many times have you heard a dogs master say, “Thats interesting Thor doesnt take to strangers very often. Hes a g
37、ood judge of human nature, and the fact that hes friendly with you tells me some good things about you.” Once when I was in the home of a m prospect, his cat, Tiger, took such a liking to me that he sat on my shoulder during my entire sales presentation. When I was finished, my prospects wife said,
38、“Mr. Shook, Tiger only does that with members of our immediate family. You must be a very honest person for her to be so friendly to you.”,Part2_T4,The truth of the matter was that I refrained from pushing the cat off because I was afraid shed rip my suit or scratch my eyes out. However, I replied,
39、“Yes, maam, Tiger obviously has some kind of instinct that enables her to accurately judge humans. She sure is a good judge of character.” Even though Tiger happened to be right in my case, I personally put very little faith in an animals instinctual ability to judge people. Id say his reactions hav
40、e more to do with odors and body movement.,Part2_T5,Some people judge another person by the way he or she shakes hands. A good, strong grip represents character, while a “dead fish” handshake! is a bad sign. 1, too, dislike the flabby handshake with no life to it, but I am careful not m to use it as
41、 a basis for judging an individual. Again, its too easy for a con artist to put a hearty handshake into his act. Though you should give a firm handshake so youll immediately create a good impression, dont place too much weight on the next fellows grip; it doesnt tell you anything concrete about him.
42、,Part2_T6,Theres certain clean-cut appearance that creates an honest image. For example, a blond, blue-eyed young man with a boyish grin and a look that typifies the boy-next-door, All-American type will almost always inspire confidence in mothers. There is no logical reason for placing such blind f
43、aith in a man simply because of the way he looks, yet most people do make such quick judgments. Conversely, the seedy man with dark oily skin, greasy black hair, and a moustache is not considered honest-looking. Similarly, a woman may have them looks which are usually associated with those of a stre
44、etwalker, whereas a high-priced call girl may look refined and refreshing. Naturally, clothes and in the case of women cosmetics,have a great deal to do with such aforementioned appearances, but unfortunately a persons m natural looks, over which he or she has little control, play an important part
45、in the judgments most people will make. I pity the hard-working, honest salesman who was born with the looks that make people automatically think, “Hes not the kind of man Id want to buy a used car from!” On the other hand, a very devious individual may look like the type you can trust. How can you
46、be sure that the hitchhiker who looks so clean-cut is any less dangerous than the one who, because of his appearance, looks like a risk? And how can you be sure that this one really is a risk? The point is that we are most often being completely unreasonable in making such snap decisions.,Part2_T7,P
47、art2_T8,On a larger scale, voters often react favorably to a politician simply because of his clean-cut appearance. His opponent is often judged negatively because he has not been blessed with natural looks that generate trust. This kind of judgment is erroneous, and the consequences can produce dev
48、astating results. Granted, many people vote for a candidate strictly because of political issues, but the clean-cut image can tip the scales in favor of the wrong man in a close election. We make snap judgments about people on the basis of how they express themselves. To revert to politics, many vot
49、ers,judge a candidates ability by the way he makes a public speech. But though a candidate may be an effective speaker, he may not be capable of doing the job for which he is running. I know many highly talented men who simply have not developed an ability to speak well in public, but who are excellent in communicating with others on a one-to-one basis. The ability to express yourself strongly is always important, but we are too often wrongly impressed by the man who comes across as eloquent, since it