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1、名词性从句,请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句,What I want to do is taking a bath. The news that they won the game spread the whole school. I dont think he is an honest boy. The fact is that he stole the car. Do you know the fact that he stole the car? Do you know the man who is standing over there? It is said that they won
2、 the game.,(主从),(同位语从句),(宾从),(表从),(同位语从句),(定从),(主从),主语从句,在句中充当主语的从句叫做主语从句。,他星期三来这里是肯定的。,That he will come here on Wednesday is certain.,注意：从句作主语时，就算是句子意思完整，都要加上从属连词that,他星期三是否来这里还不肯定的。,Whether he will come here on Wednesday is not certain.,注意：主语从句表示“是否” 只用“whether” 而不用“if”,主语从句,主语从句有时用“it”作形式主语，把真正的
3、主语放在后面，以避免头重脚轻。,It is known to us that he will come here.,用it形式主语的that从句有以下四种不同的搭配：,It + be + 形容词 that从句,It is necessary that 有必要 It is important that . 重要的是 It is obvious that 很明显,It + be + -ed分词 that从句,It is believed that 人们相信 It is known to us/all that . 众所周知 It has been decided that 已经决定,It + be
4、 + 名词 that从句,It is common knowledge that 是常识 It is a surprise that . 令人惊奇的是 It is a fact that 事实是,It + 不及物动词 that从句,It appears that 似乎 It happens that . 碰巧 It occurred to me that 我突然想起,表语从句,在句中充当表语的从句(即放在be动词后面)叫做表语从句。,我们的目的是他能认识到错误。,Our purpose is that he can realize his faults.,注意：引导表语从句的连接词一般不省略。
5、,问题是它是否值得做,The question is whether it is worth doing,注意：表语从句表示“是否” 只用“whether” 而不用“if”,试区分以下句子,Is this museum what you visited?,Is this the museum that you visited?,Is this museum the one that you visited?,注意：这种句子考试时一定要记住这句话：名词前（尤其是单数可数名词前）一定要有限定词。然后把句子变换成陈述句，接着判断句子是属于哪种从句再完成。,(表从),(定从),(定从),宾语从句,在句
6、中充当及物动词或介词宾语的句子叫做宾语从句。,我不知道你会来这里,I dont know （that） you will come here,注意：that在从句中不充当任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常常被省去,我不知道他来不来。 我想知道他来还是不来。 你们是在谈论着他来还是不来吗？ 他不在乎天气是否好。,I dont know whether/if he will come.,I want to know whether he will come or not.,Are you talking about whether he will come?,He doesnt care if i
7、t isnt a fine day.,注意：在宾语从句中，表示“是否”既可以用whether,也可以用if.但是，whether常与or not连用；作介词宾语只用whether; 从句是否定句时一般用if。,宾语从句中的否定转移,我认为他不会来这里,I think he wont come here. ( ) I dont think he will come here. ( ),注意：如果宾语从句是由think, believe, imagine, suppose等词引导的时候，要将从句中的否定形式转移到主句中去。,宾语从句中用it作形式宾语,We think it our duty th
8、at we should help others. I find it impossible that he should finish the work in two days.,注意：如果主句中有形容词或名词作宾语补足语时，一般用it来作形式宾语，把从句放在宾补后面。,同位语从句,在句中用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。同位语从句一般放在如idea, news, fact, promise, suggestion, belief, truth等含有丰富内涵的词语后面，用来说明前面那个词的具体内容。一般说来，同位语从句都用that来作连接词，而且不能省略。也可用how, when, where
9、等。,他给了她一个承诺，他会在两个月后回来。,He gave her a promise that he would come back after two months.,试区分以下句子,Do you know the fact that he stole the car?,Do you know the fact that they were talking about?,注意：1. 如果是定语从句，它的从句肯定是不完整的，关系词肯定在句中充当成分的；而同位语从句中的that只起连接作用。 2. 定语从句是对先行词起修饰作用，而同位语从句则解释说明先行词的具体内容。,(同从),(定从),注
10、意： 名词性从句的难点在于其句型结构不同， 所使用的连词比较复杂。因此,如何确定正确 的连词是突破名词性从句的关键。解决这一 问题可以从以下几点入手：, 依据“缺什么补什么”原则确定正确的连词。所谓“缺什么补什么”是指句型结构与连词之间的关系。如果句子中缺主语，指人用who，指物用what；如缺宾语，指人用whom，指物用what；如缺时间状语用when；地点状语用where；原因状语用why；方式状语用how；定语用what或which；什么都不缺用that。 I know what he is talking about.（缺宾语指物）我知道他正在谈论什么。 Im sure that he
11、 will come tomorrow.（什么都不缺）我确信明天他会来。 Where he will go is unknown.（缺地点状语）他要去哪儿还不知道。 I dont know which book I should choose.（缺定语）我不知道应该选哪本书。, 注意几组易混连词whether与if；that与what的使用： 引导主语、表语、同位语从句时关联词只用whether不用if 表“是否”。引导宾语从句时whether, if均可。 The question is whether the film is worth seeing. 问题是这部电影是否值得看。 Whet
12、her we shall attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet. 是否我们要参加这次会议仍未被决定。 We dont know whether/if she is ready. 我们不知道她是否准备好了。 that引导从句时不做成分，无意义；而what在从句中充当成分，有意义。 What he says is important. 他所说的很重要。 That light travels faster than the sound is a fact. 光传播速度比声音快是个事实。,1. No one can be sure _ in a milli
13、on years. A. what man will look like B. what will man look like C. man will look like what D. what look will man like 2. Do you know _ hes getting along well with his English? A. how B. that C. what D. which 3. The reason why he didnt come to the party is _ he was ill. A. because B. why C. that D. w
14、hen 4. Go and get your coat. Its _ you left it. A. there B. where C. there where D. where there,巩固练习：,A,B,C,B,5. _ more countries can use natural energy in future _ to be seen. Whether; remains B. What ; remains C. Who ; remained D. If ; remains 6._ she couldnt understand was _fewer and fewer studen
15、ts showed interest in her lessons. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that 7._surprises me most is that she doesnt even know _ the difference between the two lies. What; where B. What; what C. That; where D. That; what 8. _ is not yet decided _ the test will be given. That; when B. It; who C. That; who D. It; when,A,A,A,D,9. It was known to all that William had broken his promise _ he would give us a rise. A. which B. why C. that D. whether 10. Word has come _ some British guests will come for a visit to our company next month. A. what B. that C. whether D. when,C,B,Goodbye,