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1、,英语语音常见问题及对策,语音的重要性,1. 第一印象 2. 对教师本身素养要求，对学生的影响,影响语音的因素,1. 母语，拼音，方言 e.g. /t/ /m/ team / /:/ short 陕西方言 2. 不了解读音规则，从开始养成了错误的发音习惯。 one two three four five six seven eight nine ten,常见错误及对策,A. 常见发音错误 1. 不清楚发音方式，想当然发音 e.g. /i:/ /m/ 记清发音方式，才可能正确发音,2. 有针对性的训练易受受母语、拼音或方言等影响而误发的音 e.g. 陕西话影响 爆破音 个别音直接改变音质或无法发
2、出 /t/ /t/ /r/ road, rose / usually,3. 一些组合音难点 e.g. 双元音加鼻音 /aun/ down round crown /in/ coin /ain/ nine /ein/ pain strange,4. 近似音区分 e.g. n kin/ king son/sung e pen/pan letter/latter w u a: cut/ cart i j i e ai ai h hai,其他常见错误,词重音 辅音群 节奏 省音 连读 弱读 语调,词重音 word stress,the extra strength we give to a certa
3、in part of a word 试读下列词汇 双音节词： increase comfort 反身代词：herself 多音节词： furniture interfere manufacture immediately 大多数多音节单词的重音在倒数第三个音节上。如果单词有次重音，一般在倒数第五个音节上。 economy ,opportunity,添加后缀：interfereinterference accidentaccidental 添加前缀：appeardisappear 复合词：flashlight 有些合成词、译名或者带有前缀的单词有时还有双重音 outside Berlin whi
4、te-haired ex-wife 专有名词： United States 节日： mothers day 短语：point out turn around get out of,washing machine dancing girls swimming fish reading glasses,辅音群consonant clusters,the cluster of two or more consonants in one syllable (without any vowels between/ among them) flu flu: street stri:t sixths sik
5、ss,Problem analysis a. e.g. blue screen b. pl peoplepi:pl applepl bl pebblepebl ableeibl tl littlelitl rattlertl dl middlemidl fiddlefidl kl picklepikl anclekl gl singlesigl gigglegigl nl channeltnl finalfainl ml animalniml formalf:ml,2019/4/1,c. tn buttonbtn certainstn dn suddensdn gardenga:dn sn l
6、istenlisn loosenlusn zn dozendzn cousinkzn d. t eightheit d widthwid e. znd thousandthauznd f. tw tweedtwi:d twentytwenti dw dwelldwel dwarfdw:f kw quality kwliti quickkwik,节奏 rhythm 节奏群rhythm unit,Rhythm in English speech is based on stress.Its the pattern or flow of sound created by the arrangemen
7、t of stressed and unstressed syllables. 中英节奏对比 面包和牛奶 bread and milk Jane and her mother Come and get it. An apple a day keeps the doctor away.,An apple a day keeps the doctor away. / An /apple a /day keeps the /doctor a/way. A. /Pendlebury!/ / Pendlebury! / PENDLEBURY! B. /Pendlebury /isnt in the/ o
8、ffice on a /Saturday, and/Pendlebury/ isnt in the/ office on a Monday and a /Tuesday and a /Wednesday and a /Thursday and a /Friday, and so /Pendleburys A./Fired? B. /Definitely.,省音elision,the disappearance of certain phonemes in spoken English E.g. go away temperature mostly He helped me.,Contracti
9、on缩略语,Im aim his hiz Johns dnz Jacks dks,shes iz isnt iznt youre ju(r) theyre (r),were wi arent a:nt havent hvnt itd itd,hadnt hdnt wouldnt wudnt shouldve udv couldve, mustve, wouldve,Itll itl Wont wunt Ive aiv Youve juv,连读link-up,joining words together a. e.g. post office b. e.g. the idea of the so
10、fa over there c. e.g. next topic d. e.g. Just do it. He ate some eggs. e. e.g. there is/are,1. After i:, i and diphthongs ei, ai, and i, we can add a very gentle j as the link. e.g. my uncle she is 2. After u:, u and diphthongs u and au, we can add a gentle w as the link. e.g. how old how often,弱读 w
11、eak form,怎样弱读？ a. to change the vowels into the weak form /i/ / b. to make the long vowels shorter e.g. hi: hi c. omit the vowel e.g. have v v,When do we use the weak form? Determiners, auxiliary verbs, be, preps, pronouns, etc,a: a pencil an: an answer some: some more them: Tell them what to do. us
12、: Let us go. of: a bottle of water to: go to the cinema for: for some sunshine from: from them, from school,at: look at them, at college and: Id like a Whisky, and a Whisky and water. but: Id like to. But I cant. than: Rose is prettier than Jenny and richer than Jenny. Why do I like Rose more than J
13、enny? that: We know that we face difficulties. as: as cunning as a fox am: Why am I leaving? Where am I going? are: These are the best. was: He was kind.,has: My watch has stopped. hz z z have: They have been moved away. had: All our money had gone. d d does: Where does he live? z z shall: When shal
14、l we meet? l l can: She can write poems. kn kn must: You must confess. mst,ms mst,ms,语调 intonation,Intonation refers to the total pattern of pitch changes Intonation can convey meaning. rising, falling, falling-rising,An intonation unit usually corresponds to a sense group. Nucleus refers to the syllable in an intonation unit which carries maximal prominence. I am WRIting a LET ter to him. P H N T,演讲注意事项,演讲稿 a. 开门见山，要点清晰，逻辑性强，说理充分，材料新颖 b. 用词准确，勿用过于生僻的词汇 c. 可以添加标志性语句,2019/4/1,2. 演讲中 a. 发音、语调标准 b. 感情充沛 c. 流利，但语速切忌过快，突出要点 d. 语调不能过于单调，抓住听众注意力 e. 体态大方，身体语言适量、适当 f. 眼神接触自然、亲和,2019/4/1,