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1、电 大 英 语（I） （第 七 讲）,UNIT TEN UNIT ELEVEN,UNIT TEN,I. Grammatical Structures; II. New Words and Expressions; III. Language Points and Difficult Sentences; XI. Functional Practice; V. Some Exercises.,一般过去时 ( The Past Simple Tense ) 倒装句 （ So + be / do + 主语 ）,用法：表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示 过去经常或反复发生的动作。常与ye
2、sterday, last year, in 1965, a moment ago等表示过去的时间状语连用。 e.g. I got up at five yesterday, but I didnt get up so early this morning. Did he watch TV last night? I was in Grade One last year. 构成：动词用 过去式 否定、疑问句的构成： 若句中有 be动词或情态动词，则在其后加 not 或将其调至主语前。若句中只有行为动词，则要用助动词 did 来帮忙。,一般过去时,Grammar,规则动词过去式的构成 1、一般情
3、况下，加 -ed。 ask - asked help - helped watch - watched 2、结尾是“e”的词，加 -d。 dance - danced love - loved live - lived 3、重读闭音节词，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，先双写 这个辅音字母，再加 -ed。 stop - stopped drop - dropped beg - begged 4、以辅音字母加 y 结尾的词，改 y 为 i，再加 -ed。 carry - carried study - studied hurry - hurried,Grammar,过去式加 -ed 的读音 1、在清辅
4、音后，读清辅音 / t / 。 worked / kt / helped / pt / passed / st / washed / t / watched / t t / 2、在浊辅音和元音后，读浊辅音 / d / 。 played / eid / carried / id / answered / d / lived / vd / used / zd / called / ld / 3、在 / t, d / 音后面, 读 / id / 。 wanted / tid / needed / did /,Grammar,grow - grew know - knew throw - threw
5、blow - blew write - wrote drive - drove ride - rode get - got forget - forgot lend - lent send - sent spend - spent say - said */sed/ pay - paid stand - stood understand - understood let - let put - put cut - cut read - read*,am, is - was are - were do - did go - went have - had see - saw can - coul
6、d may - might dig - dug eat - ate find - found make - made hear - heard run - ran take - took hold - held speak - spoke leave - left,keep - kept sleep - slept sweep - swept tell - told sell - sold begin - began sing - sang sit - sat swim - swam ring - rang give - gave bring - brought buy - bought th
7、ink - thought teach - taught catch - caught come - came become - became,不规则动词的过去式,Grammar,“ So + be / do + 主语 ” 句型 倒装句在英语中使用得很广泛，其构成如下： 将谓语动词或谓语的一部分，如助动词等移至主语的前面。 为了避免语言的重复，可以使用这种结构。 eg. He has supper at seven oclock, and so do I. She is French, and so am I. They were late, and so were we. He went t
8、o India last year, and so did she.,Grammar,写出下列动词的过去式：,run borrow grow watch write smile open begin swim carry study finish,use live wake keep say clean buy play learn see read stop,go think be happen give become get rain tour stay pass answer,语法练习,用括号里动词的适当形式填空。 1. He _ (read) that book last week.
9、2. Last night he _ (arrive) just in time for the show. 3. Mary _ (marry) Thomas yesterday. 4. Tom _ (show) us where to sit at the meeting yesterday. 5. Last summer we _ (visit) Uncle Jack. 6. It _ (rain) almost every day last month. 7. John _ (like) to play piano when he was in secondary school. 8.
10、Betty _ (work) hard all last year. 9. We _ (change) the color of our uniforms last Christmas. 10. Last year Frances _ (buy) her mother a pretty watch for her birthday.,read,arrived,married,showed,visited,rained,liked,worked,changed,bought,语法练习,用括号内动词的正确形式填空： 1. We _ (go) to school at half past six e
11、very morning. 2. Where _ (be) Wu Dong? I _ (not know). He _ (be) here five minutes ago. 3. The speaker _ (not give) us the talk the day after tomorrow. 4. _ you _ (do) morning exercises every day? 5. John _ (watch) the basketball match this Sunday. 6. _ you _ (speak) at the meeting next Saturday? 8.
12、 It _ (be) Sunday yesterday. My parents and I _ (be ) in the park. We _ (have) a good time there. 9. _ the artist _ (bring) out his brush and _ (begin) to draw the horse at once? 10. Kate _ (not like) playing table tennis.,go,is,dont know,was,wont give,Do,do,will watch,Will,speak,was,were,had,Did,br
13、ing,begin,doesnt like,语法练习,11. They _ (not watch) TV just now. 12. They _ (carry) water for Grandpa Liu three days ago. 13. Mike and Jack _ (make) the model plane last month. 14. _ your friends _ (have) a good time in the park that day? 15. My father _ (go) to Beijing a week ago. 16. _ Mary _ (study
14、) at the No. 1 Middle School the year before last? 17. His parents _ (not go) out for a walk after supper yesterday. 18. Where _ (be) Mei Fang last night?,didnt watch,carried,made,Did,have,went,Did,study,didnt go,was,语法练习,根据要求改写下列句子。 1. They had a meeting yesterday. (改为一般疑问句) 2. Mrs Black does some
15、cleaning every Sunday. (改为一般疑问句) 3. Im going to turn on the radio. (改为否定句) 4. There were no classes last Saturday afternoon. (改为反意疑问句) 5. Those students did their best. (改为否定句) 6. It was November 10th the day before yesterday.（向划线部分提问） 7. My brother went to Shanghai three days ago.（向划线部分提问） 8. They
16、are going to visit the Summer Palace.（向划线部分提问）,Did they have a meeting yesterday?,Does Mrs Black do some cleaning every Sunday?,Im not going to turn on the radio.,There were no classes last Saturday afternoon, were there?,Those students didnt do their best.,What was the date the day before yesterday
17、?,When did your brother go to Shanghai?,What are they going to do?,语法练习,仿照示例，把下列各句变成否定句。 Patty /eat/ something this morning. - Patty didnt eat anything this morning. 1. John /fly/ to New York last week. 2. Rita /go/ to the beach to swim last Monday. 3. Helen /take/ her dog out last night. 4. Mr Tayl
18、or /park/ his car in the carpark yesterday. 5. The moon /shine/ last night. 6. Mrs White /buy/ something from the market this morning. 7. My father /watch/ television last night. 8. I /meet/ some friends at the library yesterday afternoon.,John didnt fly to New York last week.,Rita didnt go to the b
19、each to swim last Monday.,Helen didnt take her dog out last night.,Mr Taylor didnt park his car in the carpark yesterday.,The moon didnt shine last night.,Mrs White didnt buy anything from the market this morning.,My father didnt watch television last night.,I didnt meet any friends at the library y
20、esterday afternoon.,语法练习,仿照示例，把下列各句变成疑问句，然后做出简略回答。 He came by ferry. (yes) - Did he come by ferry? Yes, he did. 1. Walter enjoyed himself at your party. (yes) 2. The cat died last night. (no) 3. Peter drew a large dog on the blackboard. (yes) 5. Miss Yao gave a speech to her students yesterday. (no)
21、 6. Anna bought her mother a pair of new shoes yesterday. (yes) 7. Peter finished his work early yesterday. (yes) 8. Jims father gave Jim twenty dollars. (no) 9. Judy studied hard before the exams. (no) 10. Susan gave the beggar some food. (yes),Did Walter enjoy himself at your party? Yes, he did.,D
22、id the cat die last night? No, it didnt.,Did Peter draw a large dog on the blackboard? Yes, he did.,Did Miss Yao give a speech to her students yesterday? No, she didnt.,Did Anna buy her mother a pair of new shoes yesterday? Yes, she did.,Did Peter finish his work early yesterday? Yes, he did.,Did Ji
23、ms father give Jim twenty dollars? No, he didnt.,Did Judy study hard before the exams? No, she didnt.,Did Susan give the beggar any food? Yes, she did.,语法练习,用括号内所给动词的一般过去时填空： I _ (have) a good day at work today. The meeting _ (go) well this morning. Bob _ (not be) there. He _ (oversleep) because he
24、_ (not hear) the alarm. Lunch _ (be) terrible. We _ (try) the new French restaurant in the town center. The food _ (taste) awful. This afternoon I _ (phone) Bill in America. He _ (tell) me weve got a new contract there. It _ (be) an awful drive home. The traffic _ (be) terrible.,had,went,was not,ove
25、rslept,didnt hear,was,tried,tasted,phoned,told,was,was,语法练习,Words and Expressions,1. at home 在家 stay at home at work ( 人) 在工作； （机器）在运转 2. spend v. 度过；花费（钱财或时间） eg. Where did you spend your holiday ？ He spent 500 yuan on a new coat. * to spend ( in ) doing 干花费 eg. She spent two hours ( in ) talking t
26、o him.,Words and Expressions,3. lie v. 躺，说谎 eg. He is lying on his bed. Xiao Wang never lies to anybody. Note: lie (躺） lay, lain (过去式） lie ( 说谎 ) lied, lied (过去式） 4. turn v. 旋转，转动 eg. The wheel turned slowly. * to turn out 证明（是），结果（是） eg. What he said turned out to be right. * to turn off 关掉 to turn
27、 on 打开 eg. Turn off the light. / Turn on the radio.,language points,1. Where were you on the night of 17th August ? 注意日期的读法： 英国： the seventeenth of August 美国： August ( the ) seventeenth 2. And you were not at home, as you say. * as you say 如你所说 3. Well, we thought 我们原以为 ( think 用作过去式时， 可译为“ 原以为 ”),l
28、anguage points,4. You said your husband became ill. 有些动词可以作系动词用： become, feel, look, get, turn eg. Its getting cold. When hes angry, his face turns red.,Programme I: Asking questions to check facts( 使用过去时 ): Where were you last night ? When did you go to that place ? What did you see ? Who did you s
29、peak to ?,Programme II: Describing an illness: -Whats the matter ? / the problem ? Whats the trouble ?/ wrong with you ? -Ive got a cough. - How do you feel ? - I feel terrible.,UNIT ELEVEN,I. Grammatical Structures; II. New Words and Expressions; III. Language Points and Difficult Sentences; XI. Fu
30、nctional Practice; V. Some Exercises.,Past Simple Tense of Irregular Verbs （不规则动词的过去式） Indefinite Pronouns ( 2 ) （不定代词）,复合不定代词的构成,Grammar,* no one 为两个词。 由body, one 构成的复合不定代词表示人： 由thing 构成的复合不定代词表示物。,用法： 1. 由 every 构成的复合不定代词都含有概括的意思，表示“一 切人”和“一切事物” ： eg. Everybody should do his best to serve the peop
31、le. Everything is ready. 2. Someone, somebody,something一般用于肯定句： anybody, anyone, anything 一般用于否定句和疑问句： eg. Theres somebody in the room. There isnt anyone in the room. He found something under his bed. Did he find anything under his bed ?,Grammar,3. Somebody, someone, something 有时也用在疑问句种， 含有 肯定的意思。 e
32、g. Did somebody ( someone ) telephone me ? Why didnt you write something ? 4. Anybody, anyone, anything 也可以用在肯定句中，表 示“任何人”， “任何东西”。 eg. Anybody can do that well. You can take anything here.,Grammar,Grammar,5. 复合不定代词可以由形容词修饰作定语，但必须放在不定 代词的后面。 eg. They want to do something special today. I hope theres
33、 nothing wrong with her. Is there anything serious ? Somebody else will join us. We need someone practical.,Words and Expressions,1. continue v. 继续 continue to do sth. eg. I will continue to study English. 2. busy a. 忙碌的 * be busy with 忙于 eg. He is busy with some important work. * be busy ( in ) doi
34、ng sth. eg. Mother is busy ( in ) writing a letter.,Words and Expressions,3. taste v. 品尝 eg. I always taste a dish before it is ready. 4. Traffic n. 交通 traffic accident 交通事故 5. Surprise v. 使惊奇 to ones surprise 令人惊奇的 eg. To my surprise, I found my son spoke English well.,language points,1. I helped m
35、y Dad mend the car * help sb ( to ) do sth help sb. with sth 帮某人做某事 eg. Will you please help me ( to ) cook the supper ? Will you please help me with the supper ? 2. - Are you a mechanic ？ - Not really. 说不上。（一种委婉的说法） 3. The meeting went well this morning. “went” 进行 = process,Programme I: Interviewing people about the past: What did you do at the weekend ？ Where did you go on Sunday ? Who did you visit last week ? How much did you spend ? What happened ?,Programme II: Showing you are listening: Good. Oh, dear ! Thats great ! How awful ! Did you? Never mind.,