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1、College English Book 2,卢冠东编讲QQ:403096966 Henan University of Urban Construction 更多资源访问：攀登英语网,Unit 2,Unit 4,Unit 1,Unit 3,Unit 5,Unit 6,Unit 7,Unit 8,Teaching Plan Objectives Grasp the main idea (that it would be ideal if we can strike a balance between the Chinese and the Western learning styles) an
2、d structure of the text (introduction of the topic by an anecdote-elaboration by comparison and contrast-conclusion by a suggestion ); Appreciate the difference between comparison and contrast ,as well as different ways to compare and contrast (point-by-point method or one-side-at-a-time method);,Un
3、it 1 Ways of learning Text A Learning ,Chinese-style,3. Master the key language points and grammatical structures in the text; 4. Conduct a series of reading , listening , speaking and writing activities related to the theme of the unit,Ways of learning,Reading Guidance Clues for reading the text an
4、d the main contents 1. The text is an expositive about learning of Chinese learning style and American learning style ,discuss different ways to accomplish a task ,different attitudes to creativity and skills ,and tries to strike a better balance between the poles of creativity and basic skills. 2.
5、Like most essays ,the text is made up of a beginning, a middle, and an end.,Something about the beginning ( Paras. 15) The text begins with an anecdote: a little boy ,Benjamin ,tries to place the key to their room into the slot and different attitudes toward this. Para.1. There are two sentences her
6、e: The first one tells us time ,place ,people concerned (author ,his wife ,their son Benjamin , hotel staff), their task- studing the ways of early childhood education in China . The second one introduces the topic-one of the most telling lessons they got in the difference between Chinese and Americ
7、an ideas of education.,Something about the beginning(paras 1-5),Something about the beginning(paras 1-5),Paras.2-3 The author tells the key-slot anecdote itself ,why and how it happens Para 4 Two different attitudes toward the indent: 1.happy to allow Benjamin to bang the key near the slot ,let him
8、explore and enjoy himself (his parents) 2.attempt to assist him to insert it .(hotel staff) Para 5 Realizing its relevance to their assigned tasks in China ,the author decided to work the key-slot incident into his discussions with Chinese educators,For your Reference:,There are many ways of introdu
9、cing a topic such as : States the topic directly Begins with an anecdote or an incident (used in this text) Introduces a topic by posing a question Begins by quoting something Begins with an argument between two parties ,etc,B Something about the middle of the text (Paras 6-7) A middle is the main p
10、art of a text, and the text is developed here by analysis using comparison and contrast. Simply put ,a comparison brings out the similarities between two or more things of the same the kind, while a contrast the differences between them. In a comparison and contrast essay ,you spend more time either
11、 comparing or contrasting ,depending on your purpose. In the case of this text, the emphasis is on contrast. There are three topics in the middle-three passages under three subtitles. Topic 1. Two different ways to learn :,The author organizes this section by using one-side-at-a-time method ,examini
12、ng one subject thoroughly and then start another Para 6. Chinese way to learn : Why not show him what to do ?Reason -(omitted) ;advantages happy, learn something sooner and then the child can proceed to more complex activities Para 7. American way to learn : We teach children to solve a problem effe
13、ctively by oneself . Reasons (omitted), advantages likely to figure out oneself how to accomplish a task; likely to learn to think for oneself ,to solve problems on ones own, and even to discover new problems,Topic 2. Teaching by holding his hand (paras 8-10),Points in this section : 1. The incident
14、 mentioned above was key in more than one sense. 2. Teaching by holding his hand is the best Chinese tradition 3. That learning should take place by continual careful shaping and molding is the extensive idea in China (eg : painting, calligraphy) This section serves as a further study of the precedi
15、ng key-slot incident and a preparation for the following section, a contrary topic : creativity.,Topic 3. Creativity first (Paras 11-13) In this section ,the author organizes comparision and contrast by using point-by-point method, examing two subjects (creativity and skills) at the same time , disc
16、ussing them point by point. Para 11. attitudes to creativity and basic skills: a reversal of priorities. Young Westerners making departures first and then mastering the tradition. Young Chinese inseparable from the tradition, but over time, the original .,Para 12. the contrasts between two cultures:
17、 1. We value originality and independence more than the Chinese do 2. Two different fears or positions between Chinese teachers and American educators : 1) Skills are expected to acquire early ,then promote creativity in China 2) Creativity is supposed to acquire early and skills later in America Pa
18、ra 13. Main point : There is a danger of exaggerating creative breakthroughs in the west. Its two grounds : 1. Enormous creativity is found in China past and present 2. Any innovation is reliant on previous achievements,For your reference : We have many ways to develop a subject or a topic , which c
19、an be develop by analysis using cause and effect (as in text A ,unit 8, book 1) ; with examples; by analysis using comparison and contrast (as in this text ) , and many others . C. Something about the end(para.14.) Can we gather a superior way to approach education , perhaps striking a better balanc
20、e between ? The end winds up the text with a suggestion in a form of a question,For your reference Many ways of concluding an essay : A conclusion or an end may be a restatement of the main points previously mentioned , a proposed solution , a question from some book or person , a prediction of futu
21、re developments , a suggestion for further study (which is used in this text ), etc .You should learn to vary your own writing by adopting various types of topic introduction .,Analyze the difficult sentences,1. - “teaching by holding his hand” - so much so that he would happily come back for more .
22、(lines 67-69) 译文：-手把手教，教得本杰明自己愉快的要求再来一次。 So much so that : to such an extent that ,甚至；到要，因为非常。 例： Simons ill - so much so that he cant get out of bed . 西蒙病了，病的下不来床了。,2. In terms of attitudes to creativity there seems to be a reversal of priorities (line 79) 译文：从对创造力的态度来说，优先次序 似乎是颠倒了。 in terms of : 依
23、，据，从方面，用的词句； there seems to be 似乎是，仿佛是，看起来是；（是there be 句型的变体）。 reversal n. 颠倒，倒转。 reverse v. a.,本课出现的同义词或近义词练习(见下面两个图表) 1.找到他们各自在本文中出现的位置, 2.比较相同,对比差异 3.有的可替换,有的不可,有的需要调整 后可替换 :,表格1 tender , gentle outcome critical point ,key purpose , gain situation , setting craft , skill may well situation , sett
24、ing is likely to produce , work on investigate rear , foster explore see , find by oneself, for oneself overstate on ones own, himself exaggerate examine ,observe think ,figure out harbor , have note , realize critical , principal learn , study innovation ,originality important pick up break through
25、 extreme , pole approach , solve get ,achieve ,pick up acquire apparent ,clear develop ,state assuming that so long as style, manner love ,like accomplish ,take place realize,表格2 because ,because of come ,emerge also , as well since probably , perhaps turn in ,hand to also ,as well as possible perfo
26、rmance ,behavior place ,insert ,fit (into) value ,idea find its way (into) throw light on ,explain success precisely, exactly give thought on achievement attempt ,try lack , incomplete point to throw light on teacher, educator assist ,help soon , before long guide ,teach display ,show ,model anecdot
27、e ,incident 反义词: initial -ultimate adult-child uncertainly-exactly old , tender ,young past-present 几个连词: notbut eitheror neithernor,我们过去,现在和将来所阅读的每一篇课文中都有不少的同义词,近义词及反义词,要注意学习及研究。 1.这是英语写作的一个特点， 2.避免词汇重复，使得语言活泼，多彩，准确， 3.同义词，近义词，反义词的联想记忆是一个有效的记忆方法， 4.寻找，比较这些词及短语也是养成细读习惯，认真学习和检查知识掌握程度的一个有效手段。 因为我们的课堂教
28、学时间有限，教师没有时间在课堂上处理这些问题，这里我仅以本单元作个示范，希望每个同学能够自立坚持每篇都这样做。如此，你将获益匪浅。,Text Analysis An essay is usually made up of three parts : a beginning where the topic is introduced ; the body part where the topic is elaborated on , and a conclusion. Besides stating the topic directly , there are many other ways t
29、o introduce a theme .In this text , an anecdote or an incident is used . The author of Text A , Unit 6 , Book1 (what animals really think) introduces his topic by posing a question :” Do animals all have thoughts , what we call consciousness ?” Text B, Unit3,Book1 ( How to make sense out of science)
30、 begins by quoting newspaper headlines : “New Drugs Kill Cancer Devastation by E1 Nino-a Warning 6:30 pm .October 26 , 2028 :Could This Be the deadline for the Apocalypse ?”,Text B of this unit , Children and Money , begins with an imagined argument between a child and his parent over the control of
31、 pocket money .Discover other forms of introduction as you read on . However , the more important point is that you should learn to vary your own writing by adopting various types of topic introduction. Without a conclusion , an essay lacks a sense of completeness . A conclusion may be a restatement
32、 of the main points,previously mentioned ,a proposed solution , a quotation from some book or person , a prediction of future developments , a suggestion for further study , etc . Text B , Unit3 , Book I ends by giving a simile , comparing scientific research to mountain climbing , “a process filled
33、 with disappointments and reverses ,but somehow we keep moving ahead , “ In this text , Howard Gardner makes a suggestion in the form of a question.,第一课： Language Study 1. attach: fasten or join (one thing to another) (used in the pattern: attach sth. to sth.) 系，贴，连接 Examples: Scientists discovered
34、they could measure wind speed by attaching a wind meter to a kite and sending it up. Attached to this letter you will find a copy of the document you asked for. 2 to position the key just so: to position the key carefully fit into the narrow key slot 3. not in the least: not at all一点也不（in the least,
35、一点点儿，很少） Examples: 1 am not in the least touched by the Marilyn Monroe kind of beauty. Ann didnt seem in the least concerned about her study. 4. find ones way: reach a destination naturally; arrive at到达，进入，流入 Examples: Shanghai is not an easy city to find your way around. Drunk as he was, Peter stil
36、l found his way home,5. phenomenon: (pl. phenomena) sth. that happens or exists and that can be seen or experienced现象 Examples: Hurricanes are a relatively common phenomenon in the Caribbean. Stress-related illness is a common phenomenon in big cities. Thunder and lightening are natural phenomena 6.
37、 initial: of or at the beginning, first (adj., used only before n.)开始的，最初的 Example: If a car suddenly pulls out in front of you. your initial reaction may include fear and anger. Their initial burst of enthusiasm died down when they realized how much work the job involved. 7. assist: help (used in t
38、he pattern: assist sb. to do sth., assist sb. with sth.) Examples: The professor was assisting his students to prepare their project. The college student decided to assist the boy with his study.,8. insert: put, fit, place (in, into, between) Examples: Wait for a couple of minutes with your mouth cl
39、osed before inserting the thermometer. The doctor carefully inserted the needle into my left arm. 9. somewhat: to some degree, a little Examples: It is reported that conditions in die village have improved somewhat since November. - “Are you concerned about your exam results?“ - “Somewhat.“ 10. awai
40、t: (fml) wait for Await is a fairly common word in formal writing, but you do not usually use it in conversation. Instead you use “wait for.“ Examples: We must await die results of field studies yet to come. After 1 sent die letter asking for a job, I had nothing to do but await the answer. 11. on o
41、ccasion: now and then Examples: I was usually die only foreign participant, although on occasion I brought other Americans in as guests. Steve spent almost all his time doing his research, but, on occasion, he would take his son to see a film.,12. neglect: give too little attention or care to Exampl
42、es: He gave too much attention to his career, working long hours and neglecting his wife. Their investment mined out to be a failure and the manager was accused of neglecting his duties. Cf.: ignore: pay no attention to sb./sth. on purpose, or as if sth. has not happened Examples: I said “Good morni
43、ng“ to her, but she just ignored me and walked on. 13. relevant: directly connected with the subject (followed by to, opposite irrelevant) Examples: Only a few people feel the debate about the cloning of human beings is relevant to their daily lives. While writing my term paper I was able to borrow
44、all the relevant books from the school library.,14. investigate: try to find out information about (used in die pattern: investigate sth., investigate + wh clause) Examples: Police are still investigating how the car accident happened. We can assure you that your complaint will be fully and properly
45、 investigated 15. exception: sb./sth, that a comment or statement does not apply to Examples: Normally, parents arent allowed to sit in on the classes, but in your case we can make an exception. We feel that all the students in this class, with one or two exceptions, support the educational reforms.
46、 Without exception all our youngsters wanted to leave school and start work. When you are mentioning an exception, you often use the expression “with the exception of. Examples: We all went to see the film, with the exception of Otto, who complained of feeling unwell. 16. on ones own: 1) without any
47、ones help Examples: You neednt give me any help. I am able to manage on my own. There are jobs your child can do on her own. 2) alone Examples: The child was left on her own for hours as her morn had to deal with the emergency. Id rather not go to dance on my own. I do wish youd come with me.,17. ac
48、complish: manage to do (sth,) Examples: actice youll accomplish nothing, Considering their capacity, the possibility of accomplishing the task is not high. If I work hard，I think I can accomplish my goal of getting 6 As at the end of the semester. 18. in due course: at the proper time; eventually Examples: Your book will be published in due course. Be patient. Youll get your promotion in due course. 19. critic