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1、第 1 页 共 10 页 An Analysis of the Symbolism of the Moor in Wuthering Heights Abstract This paper intends to show the symbolism of the Moor in Wuthering Heights. Wuthering Heights is Emily Brontes unique and splendid masterpiece. Wuthering Heights is the one of the remarkable books which is not forgott
2、en by the people. Wuthering Heights has been published in English literature were considered to be a history of “the most peculiar novel.” It is a “strange book” and “great book”. In the novel Wuthering Heights, the author Emily Bronte skillfully utilized some particular narration techniques. The mo
3、or in her writing is not just environment description but of symbolic significance. This paper consists of views on Emily Brontes childhood and the background of that society. It analyzes Emily Brontes individuality, elaborates and discusses the symbolism of the moor in Wuthering Heights from perspe
4、ctives of metaphor research and feminism criticism of literature theory. The analysis shows that Emily Bronte used metaphor to symbolize the pleasant memory of childhood by describing the moor; to symbolize both physical and metal freedom by describing the moor. Key words: Emily Bronte, Moor, Freedo
5、m, Feminism criticism,The Victorian Age, individuality symbolism of the moor, metaphor 摘 要 本篇论文旨在阐述呼啸山庄一书中，荒原的象征作用。 呼啸山庄是艾米莉勃朗特的杰作。 呼啸山庄是一部没有被时间尘土湮 没得杰出作品。 呼啸山庄中作者的匠心独运的叙事技巧是其艺术魅力之所在。 呼啸山庄出版后一直被人认为是英国文学史上一部“最奇特的小说” ，是一 部“奥秘莫测”的“怪书” 。 本文通过对呼啸山庄荒原的象征作用的阐述，表现了作者艾米莉勃朗特个 性，且对作者的时代背景也进行了相应的剖析。论文从对荒原隐喻的研究和
6、文 艺理论女权主义批评角度上阐述，探讨了呼啸山庄背景描写之荒原的喻义。 揭示了荒原在作者艾米莉勃朗特心中的重要地位。 呼啸山庄中的荒原象征 着作者童年的美好回忆，也象征着维多利时代的女性们摆脱身体束缚的渴望思 想和向往精神自由心灵的召唤。 关键字：艾米莉勃朗特，荒原，自由主义，女权主义，维多利亚时代，荒原的 象征，隐喻 第 2 页 共 10 页 Contents Abstract1 Key words 1 摘要 2 关键字： 2 1.Introduction： 4 2.Analysis (body) : 5 2.1“Wuthering Heights” is a “great book”. 5
7、 2.2 “The Moor” which works as a soul prop of the whole story 6 2.3 “The moor” is important to the author Emily Bronte 6 2.4 Metaphor is more than language, it has poured into authors thoughts and feelings 7 2.5Background of “Wuthering Heights” 10 3.Conclusion: 12 Bibliography: 13 An Analysis of the
8、 Symbolism of the Moor in Wuthering Heights 1.Introduction： Emily Bronte was a renowned and talented realistic writer in the Victorian time of 19th century. Her only novel “Wuthering Heights“ which puts the extraordinary splendor in English literature, making the love tragedy of Catherine and Heath
9、cliff as the main key, the revenge as the main clue. The unconstrained sentiment and the uninhibited individualities of the leading characters make the deep impression to the readers. Wuthering Heights is Emily Brontes unique and splendid masterpiece. Wuthering Heights has been published in English
10、literature were considered to be a history of “the most peculiar novel.” It is a “strange book” and “great book”. In the novel Wuthering Heights, the author Emily Bronte skillfully utilized some particular narration techniques. The predecessors have already made massive demonstrations and exquisite
11、and careful analysis through the disposition characteristic in the novel. For example, Deng Zhihui, Ma Yijun and Angela Smith all tried to analyze the personalities of the main characters in “Wuthering Heights” in order to find out the reasons of love tragedy. Meanwhile, there are also many writers
12、who analyzed the writing method of “Wuthering Heights”, such as Deng Yingling and Zhuhong. However, I specially appreciate the ingenious and novel environmental description of the novel. “The moor” appears everywhere in “Wuthering Heights”, but very few people pay attention to it. I believe there is
13、 a close relation between the authors environment depiction and how the plots of the novel develop. For instance, among a few numbers of similar subject analysis works, Wang Hailu published an article on Chongqing University journal; he considered that the 第 3 页 共 10 页 wilderness displayed the most
14、primitive sign. And Feng Yufei in the Harbin Institute journal thought that “Wuthering” and “the moor” was the basic tragedy atmosphere of “Wuthering Heights”. Nevertheless their views are different from what Ive found in “Wuthering Heights”. Emily Bronte used metaphor to illustrate the plentiful me
15、anings of the moor. Time background and the social background are helpful in veining the novel and in understanding the symbols of those vivid metaphors written by Emily Bronte. Some people regard “Wuthering Heights“ as a novel of terror, fear, and it makes people sick, because the novel reflects on
16、e kind of intense feminine consciousness and was not quite accepted at that time. In Victorian time, status first, the money was supreme, peoples spirits received great suppression, human nature was brutally distorted. Nina Auer, Bach once made a speech “Woman and the Demon”, in which she said, “Bef
17、ore 19th century in the western masculine literature two kinds of not real feminine images - family angel and the seductive woman manifested under patriarchy feminine consciousness had been distorted and constrained.“ Emily Bronte hated patriarchy and rebelled against this institution. Thus she put
18、all her own justice, fervor and anger in her unique masterpiece. In my article I will analyze Emily Brontes individuality, elaborate and discuss the symbolism of the moor in “Wuthering Heights” using metaphor study research and the theory of literature and feminism criticism. 2.Analysis: 2.1“Wutheri
19、ng Heights” is a “great book”. In the English literature history “Wuthering Heights” is an extremely splendid work. Wuthering Heights is Emily Brontes unique and splendid masterpiece. Wuthering Heights has been published in English literature were considered to be a history of “the most peculiar nov
20、el.” It is a “strange book” and “great book”. In the novel Wuthering Heights, the author Emily Bronte skillfully utilized some particular narration techniques. 2.2 “The Moor” which works as a soul prop of the whole story The perfect and successful description of the novels background by Emily Bronte
21、 attracts readers attention and has the power to make the plot so moving. Readers appreciate much on the main characters disposition and individualities, the special writing technique and the love, the hatred and the revenge throughout the novel. However, the ingenious and novel environmental descri
22、ption of the novel should also be regarded as of great importance, “the Moor” which works as a soul prop of the whole story. Emily Bronte, with her complex but subtle sentiments, gave the moor vitality, emotion, entrusted it with rich meanings. 2.3 “The moor” is important to the author Emily Bronte
23、Emily Bronte spent her childhood on a rural, isolated region with inconvenient local transportation, the Yorkshire moors of northern England “west and north and south 第 4 页 共 10 页 the moors hang above the west riding of Yorkshire. They rise up bleak and black and brooding a thousand feet, two thousa
24、nd feet above the valleys. Empty and silent, without trees or lakes, without wide rivers, without grand impressive mountains, they roll away from this world. Though not above forty miles by East and West, and one hundred and fifty by North and South, these moors contrive to be virgin, desolated and
25、immune. Lancaster and Manchester send forth smoke on the one side of them, Sheffield, Leeds and Bradford, on the other, so that on still days, the smoke of the cities hangs in a gloom under the sky; and on such a day colors have an aniline brilliance, the green moss is livid, a white flower stares l
26、ike a blind white star out of the somber afternoon, and the cry of the pewits, as they circle low above the heather, is shrill, metallic, ominous.”(Romer, 2003: 8) “Only in late August do the moors burn with purple heather flower, to the careful eye, all shades off pink and heliotrope and crimson, a
27、t sunset red as fire.” (Romer, 2003: 77)Emily approached the moors, felt the moors and loved the moors deeply. There she became a bright aerial creature who laughed and sang and ran wild. There she was gay among the others and led laughter over the moss and stream. There she stimulated her inspirati
28、on and the imagination by listening attentively to the related fables on the moors and watching inhabitants words and deeds. “But the others never knew, not even Charlotte, the ethereal gaiety that Emily was, when incarnate child become disincarnate as the shining music of Heaven merely because she
29、felt the moor-wind that blows clean through heart and body and blows both away.” (Romer, 2003: 73) The moor was not merely the place on which she lived, but also her own little happy world. Moreover the moor was her constant companion, even became an essential part of her life. The moor had recorded
30、 Emily Brontes childhood, her life, all her happiness and all her dreams. Because of the moor, her growth memory was no longer plain. She fully displayed her special emotion for the moor in her unique novel “Wuthering Heights”. She gave the moor her Imagination color, humanity, the emotion, the thou
31、ghts and the desire of human. 2.4 Metaphor is more than language, it has poured into authors thoughts and feelings The moor in her writing is not just environment description but of symbolic significance. Emily Bronte used metaphor to annotate the moor. “Metaphor is a device for seeing something in
32、terms of something else.”(Burke, 1945: 503)And sometimes metaphor is more than language, it has poured into authors thoughts and feelings, thus sublimate the thing which the author wants to symbolize. “The links between metaphor and thought have been tightened, in the proposal that the conceptual sy
33、stem is not only involved in the processing of metaphor, but that thought is itself structured metaphorically, and that the systematicity of metaphor on the surface of language reflects underlying conceptual structure in which something is understood, stored and processed in terms of something else.
34、”(Lynne, 2001:11) In “Wuthering Heights” Chapter12, when the novels leading role Catherine was seriously ill in bed, her thoughts stayed chaotically, her minds were all in trance and she could not control herself then let her imaginations burst out, “her mind had strayed to other associations. Thats
35、 a turkeys she murmured to herself. Bonny bird 第 5 页 共 10 页 wheeled over our heads in the middle of the moor. It wanted to get to its nest, for the clouds had touched the swells, and it felt rain coming. This feather was picked up from the heath.”(Emily, 1970: 91) Catherine immersed joyfully in the
36、bird-catching experience of her childhood, remembering only attractive feather and beautiful birds but she forgot she was a patient with a high fever and a weak body. She tried hard to cherish the memory of her joneses on the moor. Though her husband comforted her, “and I only see two white spots on
37、 the whole range of the moors: the sky is blue, and the larks are singing and the beck and brooks are all brim full.” (Emily, 1970: 100) In her mind only existed herself, her soul got lost in the fantasy and the recollection musing alone. Nobody could understand and pull her minds out, even the most
38、 intimate people. Emily Bronte symbolized the pleasant memory of childhood with the moor. “Oh, dear! I thought I was at home, she sighed. I thought I was lying in my chamber at Wuthering Heights. Because Im weak, my brain got confused, and I screamed unconsciously. Dont say anything; but stay with m
39、e. I dread sleeping: my dream appalls me. Oh, if I were but in my own bed in the old house! she went on bitterly, wringing her hands. And that wind sounding in the firs by the lattice. Do let me feel it-it comes straight down the moor-do let me have one breath!” (Emily, 1970: 92) In fact she had bee
40、n muddled due to her consciousnesses were all in contradictory with the struggles between dream and reality. Since she was in bad healthy condition, own initiative feelings had been aroused and she became release her innermost hope, that was the moor, her longing dream. Emily Bronte symbolized Cathe
41、rines longing for freedom with the moor. This freedom is only physically. For Catherines marriage she had moved to Thrushcross Grange which is far from the moor. She was the hostess of Thrushcross Grange that meant she could no longer go and play casually like a child on the moor. Therefore she sigh
42、ed and was very disappointed. She had a high fever and her brain got confused, so she fantasized herself only could relax lying in bed at Wuthering Heights. Its a kind of release and eruption of her long-standing constrains that she had got a deep sense of longing for the moor which was quite far aw
43、ay from the place she lived, but could be seen from the windows. She anxiously wanted to open the window whatever doctor opposed, as if she could be allowed to take a breath of the fresh air from the moor, for her its a breath of life, she would feel much better. Her dream appalled her because the m
44、oor was so important in her heart. The moor was unequalled not even the happy and lofty life in Thrushcross Grange could be replaced. The moor was Catherines most primitive, purest pursuit when she was tired, weak, fragile and painful even when she got lost. The moor was an angel in her consciousnes
45、s, leading her way to go to the dreaming heaven where her exhaustion would be carried off and her weak body would be taken away. She flew all the way seeking her childhood and freedom. She had given the moor which was one kind of summon to get rid of the present situation too much, her love, her gol
46、den childhood. She needed to be accompanied but did not permit talking. Actually, what she needed most was the moor; she wanted to run freely on it, to speak to it and 第 6 页 共 10 页 to play with it. Emily Bronte devoted her intimate deep affection towards the moor in nearly every sentence in the nove
47、l. Catherine expected a friend, who could keep silent, but it might understand her story, it could collect her secrets carefully and it would preserve her recollection. She began to realize nobody would be able to be competent except the moor. From that day she married with Linton, she had been sepa
48、rated with the Wuthering Heights, as a result she had lost her moor, her original happiness, her freedom. The moor used to be a part of her life, without it her life was not complete. The moor became a devil that day she left the old house; it carried her soul away gradually. Living without freedom,
49、 her life was empty. Living on a doom, her life was bound to walk to the end soon. Catherine had not obtained the physical freedom till she melted in the moor. But Emily Bronte had also expressed the metal freedom she yearned for. “Metaphor is the unconscious intuition impulse which is expressed through the mystical symbolic form. Metaphor is always related to words, while words are always related to thoughts.” (束定芳,2000: 101) In “Wuthering Heights” Heath cliffs appearance and departure always followed the bad weather on the m