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1、第十四讲 八年级(下) Units 78,复习目标导航,考点完全攻略,同步训练,1.task(近义词) n. work/job 2waitressn. 男服务生 waiterv.等候 wait 3annoyadj. 生气的；恼怒的 annoyedadj. 使生气的；使恼怒的 annoying 4polite(反义词)adj. impoliteadv. 有礼貌地；客气地 politely 5behaviorv.举止；表现 behave,12clearlyadj.清楚的 clear 13winnerv. 赢；获胜 win 14suggestn. 建议；提议 suggestion,1.but the
2、re are other places where talking loudly is not allowed. (Unit 7) allow意为“允许”，具体用法如下： allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人干某事 allow doing sth. 允许做某事 be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事 allow sb. sth. allow sth. to sb. 给某人某物；让某人得到某物 My parents wont allow me to stay out late.,我的父母不允许我在外面待很晚。 We dont allow smoking here.
3、 我们不允许在此吸烟。 The students are allowed to design their own uniforms. 学生们被允许设计他们自己的校服。,2.it is better to keep your voice down in public places. (Unit 7) (1)Its better to do sth.相当于had better do sth.意为“最好干某事”。本句也可表达为：youd better keep your voice down in public places。 (2)keep.down意为“控制；抑制”，与keep连用的短语还有：k
4、eep off意为“(使)离开；(使)不接近”；keep out意为“不让进入”；keep on意为“继续(做某事)”等。如：,Keep your dog off the grass. 别让你的狗进入草地。 Keep that dog out of my study.别让那条狗进入我的书房。 It was raining hard，but they kept on working. 雨下得很大， 但他们仍继续 工作。,【辨析】 voice，sound，noise与shout 四者都可以表示“声音”，区别如下： voice指人的嗓音或说话、唱歌时发出的声音，也可指鸟鸣声。 I didnt rec
5、ognize her voice on the telephone. sound泛指人们听到的大自然的任何“声音”。可以指人和动物的声音，也可以指物体碰撞发出的声音等。 Sound travels slower than light.,noise指人们不愿听到的、不悦耳的“噪音”，如嘈杂声、喧哗声、吵闹声等。 There is so much noise in this restaurant，I can hardly hear you talking. 这个餐厅太吵了，我几乎听不到你说话。 shout指人或动物的叫喊，也可指予以警告或引起注意而发出的叫喊。 Suddenly，the patie
6、nt raised a shout of pain. 突然，病人发出痛苦的叫声。,3Later，the same gift may be given away to someone else. 以后，这份礼物或许会被赠送给别人。(Unit 8) 这是一个含有情态动词may的被动语态的句子，其中give away是固定短语，意为“赠送；分发”。如： Mr. Brown often gives away money to the poor. 布朗先生经常把钱分给穷人。,【拓展】 give构成的短语： give up 放弃；中止 give in让步；屈服 give out 分发；发出(气体、光、热等
7、) give back 归还 My father has given up drinking.我父亲已经戒酒了。 The sun gives out light and heat.太阳发出光和热。,4In the USA，some people ask their families and friends to give money to charity rather than buy them gifts. 在美国，一些人要求家人和朋友把钱捐给慈善机构而不是给他们买礼物。(Unit 8) rather than是一个并列连词，用法比较复杂，现归纳如下：,rather than与would连用
8、时，构成“would rather.than.”句式，意为“宁愿而不愿”，表示主观愿望，即在两者之中选择其一。如： I would rather stay at home than go to the park. 我宁愿待在家里，也不愿去公园。,rather than不与would连用时，表示客观事实，意为“是而不是；与其不如”。它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式等。如： He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 与其说他是一个海员，不如说他是一个探险者。 rather than后可跟带to或不带to的不定式。,r
9、ather than连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。如： You rather than I are going to the zoo. 是你而不是我要去动物园。 5Instead，making a meal is enough. 相反，做顿饭已经足够了。 (Unit 8),instead adv. 意为“代替；取而代之的是”，在句中充当状语，常用在句末。如： He didnt travel to Dalian，but went to Hangzhou instead. 他没有去大连旅行，反而去了杭州。,【辨析】 instea
10、d与instead of instead意为“代替”，是副词。在句中作状语，通常位于句尾。位于句首时常用逗号与后面隔开，在顺接句子中作“代替”讲，而在转折句子中作“然而”讲。 instead of是介词短语，其后要接名词、代词、动名词作宾语。用instead of时，of后面的事情是不去做的。 He is too tired to go；let me go instead. 他太累了，去不了，让我去吧。,We went there on foot instead of taking a bus. 我们没乘公交车，而是步行去了那儿。 有时二者可以进行转换。如： She went swimming
11、 instead of playing tennis. She didnt play tennis. She went swimming instead. 她去游泳了，而没有打网球。,6This kind of contest encourages people in China to speak English.这种比赛鼓励中国人讲英语。(Unit 8) encourage sb. to do sth.意为“鼓励某人干某事”。如： Peter，my English teacher，never fails to encourage us to study hard.我的英文老师彼得总是鼓励我们
12、要好好学习。,【拓展】 courage n勇气；胆量；encouraged adj.受鼓舞的；encouraging adj.鼓舞人心的 encourage sb. in sth.在某方面鼓励某人 My parents always encourage me in my study.,八年级下(78单元) (训练时间：60分钟 分值：100分),基础知识过关 一、根据句意及首字母提示完成单词(8分) 1It is p_ to say “Please” when you ask for something. 2Whats the difference between the A_ elephan
13、ts and African elephants? 3I can not a_you to do that. 4Be c_ that you dont drop it. 5This letter is p_,_and I dont want anyone else to read it.,polite,Asian,allow,careful,personal,6Is there anything s_ in the papers today? 7We r_ much help from our teacher. 8I cant decide which one to c_. 二、根据汉语提示完
14、成句子(14分) 1她请求邻居把收音机关小点声。 She asked her neighbor to _ _ the radio. 2孩子们在海边捡到许多贝壳。 The children _ many sea shells at the seashore. 3起初我不知道怎样做，但渐渐地我就习惯了。,special,received,choose,turn down,picked up,_ _ I didnt know how to do it. By and by I have got used to it. 4我们得谨慎，免得让人听见。 We must _ _ to let nobody
15、hear about this. 5我从来没听过这样的事。 I never _ such a thing. 6这位老教师把他的全部藏书捐送给了学校。 The old teacher _ all his books to the school. 7他太累，在汽车里睡着了。 He was so tired that he _ in the car.,At first,take care,heard of,gave away,fell asleep,三、句型转换(10分) 1Could you pick up the paper？(改为同义句) _ up the paper? 2Would you
16、mind wearing that old hat？(改为否定句) Would you mind _ that old hat? 3Why dont you get her a scarf？(改为同义句) _ get her a scarf? 4I should get my mother some_flowers on Mothers Day.(就画线部分提问) _ you _ your mother on Mothers Day?,Would you mind picking,not wearing,Why not,What should,get,5Betty was so angry t
17、hat she couldnt say a word.(改为同义句) Betty was _ angry _ say a word. 综合能力提高 一、单项选择(10分) 1Would you mind my smoking here? _ Its not allowed here. AOf course not. BBetter not. CYes, please. DNo, not at all. 【解析】考查交际用语。由答语“这儿不允许。”可知，,too,to,回答是否定的。故用Better not.意思是“最好不要。” 【答案】B 2(2011清远)I want to watch th
18、e basketball match. Would you please _ the TV? Aturn on Bturn off Cturn down Dturn up 【解析】考查动词词组辨析。句意为“我想看篮球赛，请打开电视，好吗？”“打开”为turn on。 【答案】A,3Would you please bring your CDs bought in Hong Kong to me tomorrow? Id like to have a look. _. I will introduce something to you. ANot at all BNo problem CNo w
19、ay DNever mind 【解析】考查交际用语。由答语“我将向你作一些介绍。”可知，答语是肯定的，故用No problem.意为“没问题。” 【答案】B,4This box is _ heavy for me to carry. Can you help me? Certainly. Aso Bmuch Cvery Dtoo 【解析】考查too.to.的用法。too.to.表示“太而不能”。句意为“这箱子太重了我搬不动，你能帮我吗？”“当然可以。” 【答案】D,5Jenny, please _ your young sister carefully. OK, Mum. Atake afte
20、r Btake care of Ctake from 【解析】考查固定短语。take care of意为“照看，照顾”。句意为“杰尼，请小心照看你的妹妹。”“好的，妈妈。”故选B。 【答案】B,6(2011贵阳)“For your coming vacation，why _ coming to Guiyang？”“Good idea！” Anot consider Bdont consider Cto consider 【解析】这里考查的是why not do结构，B和C选项的结构都是错的。 【答案】A,7(2011广安)Do you mind my opening the window? _
21、.Please do it now. AOf course not BYes，I do CCertainly 【解析】考查情境交际。根据句意“我打开窗户你介意吗？”“当然不介意。打开就行”。A是委婉的回答。 【答案】A,8(2011安顺)Dinner is ready. Help yourself! Wow！It _ delicious. Could you please tell me how to cook it? Atastes Blooks Csounds Dfeels 【解析】考查词义辨析。根据句意“你能告诉我怎样做的吗？”说明它应该尝起来非常美味。 【答案】A,9_ listeni
22、ng and speaking more, we have many other ways to improve our English. ABesides BExcept CBut DFor 【解析】考查词义辨析。besides“除了之外，还有”；except“除了”，but“但是”；for“为了”。故选A。 【答案】A 10(2011哈尔滨)English people cant give up hamburgers or fried chicken because theyre delicious. However，the French are changing. They arent
23、interested in _ food like before. Afast Bhealthy Cnatural,【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意为“英国人依然留恋汉堡和炸鸡，因为它们非常美味。而法国人在改变。他们不再像从前那样对快餐感兴趣了。”故选A。 【答案】A 二、完形填空(30分) (2011宁波)When I was about 12 years old，I really wanted a new bike！I _1_ my parents my birthday wish，but I knew there was little hope because my family could
24、 _2_ have that money. On my birthday my parents told me they had my _3_ outside in the backyard. At once I _4_ out to the yard.,love，it doesnt matter what it is in fact. What matters is the love that is in it. I like to remember this _14_ because giving a gift is not about money. Its about how much
25、love you can feel from it. Do remember，a gift that _15_ two dollars isnt any less valuable(有价值的)than one that costs one hundred dollars，or even more. 1A. talked Bspoke Csaid Dtold 【解析】本题考查易混动词辨析。talk，speak，say和tell这四个动词中只有tell能跟双宾语。此处句意为“我告诉了我父母我的生日愿望”。故选D。 【答案】D,2A. hardly Bquickly Cslowly Deasily
26、【解析】本题考查副词的用法。句意为“但是我知道几乎没有希望，因为家里几乎没有买自行车的钱。”hardly“几乎不”，符合句意，故选A。 【答案】A 3A. guitar Bgift Ccake Dcard 【解析】句意为“在我生日那天，我的父母告诉我他们给我买了礼物，放在外面的后院里。”gift“礼物”符合题意。 【答案】B,4A. rushed Brode Cclimbed Dcame 【解析】因为父母赠给礼物，“我”的心情很激动，所以急切地冲向后院，故选A。 【答案】A 5A. and Bor Cbut Dbecause 【解析】那儿尽管有辆自行车，但却不是“我”理想中的自行车，表转折关系
27、用but。故选C。 【答案】C 6A. exciting Binteresting Crelaxing Ddisappointing,【解析】那辆又旧又破的自行车不是“我”理想中的自行车，所以disappointing“令人失望的”符合题意。故选D。 【答案】D 7A. liked Bhated Churt Dthanked 【解析】联系上下文可知，那辆自行车尽管又旧又破，却满载着父母的爱，“我”却感到失望，这伤害了“我”父母的感情。故选C。 【答案】C 8A. on Bin Cat Dfor 【解析】本题考查介词的用法。on ones face是固定短语，意为“在某人脸上”。故选A。,【答案
28、】A 9A. got in Bgot on Cgot off Dgot up 【解析】本题考查由get构成的动词短语的用法。get in“收获，进入”；get on“上车”；get off“下车”；get up“起床，起来”。由句意“我上了那辆旧自行车并骑着它”可知选B。 【答案】B 10A. surprised Bexcited Chappy Dbad 【解析】本题考查表达人的感受的形容词的用法。因为“我”的失望让父母也感到失望，所以“我”骑在自行车上心情不好，故选D。 【答案】D,11A. look ahead Blook back Ccome up Dcome down 【解析】本题考查
29、动词短语辨析。look ahead“向前看”；look back“向后看”；come up“过来”；come down“下来”。句意为“所以我带着微笑尽可能快地骑车，头也不回”look back符合句意。 【答案】B,12A. anything Bnothing Csomething Deverything 【解析】本题考查不定代词的用法。anything“任何东西/事情”；nothing“没有东西/事情”；something“某种东西/事情”；everything“一切东西/事情”。由句意“随着时间的推移，我开始明白我父母给了我比一辆生锈的旧自行车更多的东西”知选C。 【答案】C,13A.
30、love Bmoney Cfriendship Dknowledge 【解析】根据下文“When you give something out of love，it doesnt matter what it is in fact. What matters is the love that is in it.”以及“Its about how much love you can feel from it.”可知他们给“我”上了一堂关于爱的生活课，故选A。 【答案】A 14A. idea Bnews Cadvice Dstory 【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。根据短文内容可知这是发生在作者生活
31、中的一件事，而不是“想法”“新闻”或“建议”。故选D。 【答案】D,15A. spends Bcosts Cpays Doffers 【解析】本题考查易混动词辨析。spend，cost，pay这三个词都有“花费”的意思，但只有cost的主语是物，有“价值，值钱”的意思，根据句意“一件价值两美元的礼物”可知选B。offer“提供”，不符合题意。 【答案】B 三、阅读理解(8分) (2011温州)DIY，which means Do It Yourself，is quite popular in UK. Lots of stores and supermarkets sell DIY things
32、. TV programs show people how to DIY.,English people like DIY. There is a saying in UK“An Englishmans home is his castle”Huge numbers of people spend their holidays making their homes beautiful “castles”If there is anything that needs fixing around their houses，such as painting the walls or putting
33、in a new shower，they will do the jobs themselves. They share DIY experiences with their friends. More and more people have discovered the joy of DIY. Sometimes people also DIY for saving money. With the economic downturn at present，many people can not afford to buy a bigger house. They are looking a
34、t how they can make their houses better without spending a lot of money.,It is not surprising that DIY is so popular. DIY can be difficult. There is a huge market for DIY furniture which people need to put together themselves with a few basic tools. However，people often find it not easy to build a p
35、iece of furniture because they cant understand the instructions. Sometimes the instructions are simple and clear，but the furniture itself is difficult to build. One thing is for sure，though most DIY projects are started with the best intentions，many of them may not get finished. DIY can also be dang
36、erous. For example，anything electrical should be done,by a professional worker. Unluckily，many people dont care about this warning and put themselves in danger. It is reported that in just one year over 230,000 people were hurt while doing DIY in UK，including 41,000 who fell off ladders. Therefore，D
37、IY can bring us fun and help us save money，but it is not always as easy as it is thought to be if we bite off more than we can chew. Maybe factories should make products that are easier and safer for us to DIY.,1How do many English people spend their holidays according to the passage? AMaking their
38、homes beautiful. BVisiting their friends. CTravelling all over the world. DMaking a lot of money. 【解析】由第二段的第三句“Huge numbers of people spend their holidays making their homes beautiful castles”可知许多英国人利用假期时间使他们的房子变美，故选A。 【答案】A,2Why do English people like DIY? AMany stores sell DIY things. BDIY can bri
39、ng them fun. CTV programs teach them to DIY. DAll DIY projects are easy. 【解析】根据第二段中“More and more people have discovered the joy of DIY.”可以判断英国人喜欢DIY的原因是DIY能给他们带来乐趣。故选B。 【答案】B,3What can we learn from the passage? ADIY is a waste of money. BIt is always difficult to DIY. CWe should be careful while d
40、oing DIY. DIts very safe for us to DIY. 【解析】根据第三段的内容“DIY can also be dangerous.”和“It is reported that in just one year over 230,000 people were hurt while doing DIY in UK，including 41,000 who fell off ladders.”说明DIY有时很危险，我们应当小心。故选C。 【答案】C,4In the passage，“we bite off more than we can chew” probably
41、means _. Awe can eat everything we like Bwe should do something difficult Cwe do something that is too difficult Dwe eat too much food that is not safe 【解析】由最后一段中的句子“.but it is not always as easy as it is thought to be if we bite off more than we can chew. Maybe factories should make products that a
42、re easier and safer for us to DIY.”说明DIY不总是和想的一样容易，,我们做的事情有时太难了，故选C。 【答案】C 四、书面表达(20分) 根据中英文提示词语，写出意思连贯，符合逻辑，词数100左右的文章，所给英文提示词语必须都用上。 中文提示：保护我们的环境是十分重要的，它有利于我们的身体健康，我们仅有一个地球，我们就生存在这个地球上，所以保护环境是我们义不容辞的责任。那么，我们应该做些什么呢？我们该怎么办呢？ 提示词：take good care of, important, only one earth, good for, our duty, pick
43、 up, rubbish, throw, dustbin, collect,battery, plastic bags, spit, public places _ _ _ _,Taking good care of our environment is very important because its good for our health. Were living on the earth and we have only one earth. What can we do for it? I think we should begin with the following thing
44、s. We should pick up the rubbish and throw it into a dustbin, and we should collect waste things like batteries, plastic bags and so on. We should plant trees and flowers. And we shouldnt spit in public places or litter waste things anywhere.,_,Its our duty to keep our environment clean. If everyone does such useful things, our environment will become much better.,