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1、结合实际，巧解英语语法填空,富源二中 唐老五 2016.10,一、什么是语法填空,语法填空是2007年开始出现于广东卷的高考新题型，在部分省份的高考中完全取代了以前历年的15个单项选择题。它的考查注重语言知识的运用，注重在语境中考查语法知识，对学生运用知识的能力要求有所提高，所以，很多同学觉得无从下手。从2014年起，云南考生开始考语法填空。语法填空主要是考查语言基础知识在具体篇章或对话中的运用，强调语言的交际功能。考查的知识点不会很难，这对英语基础薄弱的乡镇中学的考生来说，相对好拿分一些。本题型是在一篇200词左右的语篇、对话中空出10个空，即使是基础薄弱的考生也能在理解上下文情景，根据单词
2、提示写出单词的正确形式。,二、语法填空的命题特点及解题技巧,简单的来说，语法填空题最大的特点就是大部分题有提示词少部分无提示词。可以据这一特点，巧妙解题。 （一）有提示词 1.提示词是动词 （1）时态 一些最常见的时态，如一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时、完成进行时可能成为考点。 This cycle _ (go) day after day: The walls warm up During the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset（抵消）for the outside temperature
3、s.( NMET2015) So I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike _(catch ) my attention. ( NMET2014) I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused _(stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept _(ride). ( NMET2014),goes,caught,to stop,riding,（2）非谓语动词,首先要判断是否是考察
4、谓语动词，判断谓语动词和非谓语动词最主要的就是划分句子成分。而非谓语动词主要考查它们在用法上的区别，经常考查分词（主动用现在分词，被动用过去分词）用作状语（分析分词动作和句子主语之间的关系）、后置定语（分析分词动作和其修饰限定的名词之间的关系）、宾语补足语（分析分词动作和补充说明的宾语之间的关系），动名词用作主语，不定式用作主语、状语、后置定、宾语补足语。,The adobe dwellings(土坯房）_(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of
5、architects and engineers. ( NMET2015) a house without _（use）exectic equipment. ( NMET2015) One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about _ (be) late for school. ( NMET2015) the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough _(cool) the house during the hot day. ( NMET2015),built,
6、using,being,to cool,（3）词性转换,2.提示词是名词 出现名词的提示词时，最有可能考的就是名词的单复数问题，也有可能名词直接变形容词。 As _(nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly. ( NMET2015) While there are _(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the_(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cl
7、eaning up a polluted river. Just be_(patience). (2014新课标I),natural,amazing,changes,patient,3.提示词是形容词或副词,主要考察形容词与副词的混用，形容词修饰限定名词；副词限定形容词、动词、副词。 Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat_（slow）during cool nights，thus warning the house. ( NMET2015) Five others
8、 on the bus began talking about what the boy had done and the crowd of strangers _(sudden) became friendly to one another. ( NMET2014) The river was so polluted that it_(actual)caught fire and burned. (2014新课标I),slowly,suddenly,actually,（2）形容词和副词的级,比较级注意有“than”找“-er”,最高级注意其前加“the”以及比较范围常用“in/of”引出。
9、Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is_(clean) than ever.(2014新课标I),cleaner,（二）无提示词,1.考虑虚词 （1）介词（常考查动介短语、介词短语的固定搭配。） _ the same time, they warm up again for the night. ( NMET2015) when the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next _ the window, so I ha
10、d a good view of the sidewalk. ( NMET2014) One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about _ (be) late for school. ( NMET2014),At,to,being,（2）连词:分清常见的几个连词的用法,and/but/or/ so/ because 等。,There were many people waiting at the bus stop, _ some of them looked very anxious and _(disappoint) . (
11、NMET2014) （3）冠词(a /an /the,要注意冠词、形容词、名词并用的顺序应该是“冠词+形容词+n”。） are admired by even _ most modern of architects and engineers. ( NMET2015),and,disappoint,the,2.考虑代词(重不定代词人称代词）,“ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! It s _ (I )”. ( NMET2014) 3.考虑引导词（定语从句、名词性从句、
12、状语从句的引导词。） Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you leave a habit _is driving your family crazy. (2014新课标I) 4.助动词（be动词、do、完成结构中的have、情态动词为广义上的助动词）。 Then the driver stood up and asked,“_ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” ( NMET2014),Does,mine,thatwhich,三、解题步骤,1. 通读全文或者对话，把握大意。如
13、果是对话形式，首先要准确地了解对话背景，确定对话双方的人物关系以及谈话的主要情境等，这样可有效对空白处细节进行理解和把握。如果是短文形式，在通读全文的过程中，要较好地把握其大意，还要在填空时进行必要的逻辑推理。 2. 带着大意答题，先易后难。通读全文、了解大意之后，就可以动手填空了。遇到一时想不起来或无法确定的题目，先跳过去，不要花费太多的时间停留在一个空上。这些空着的题目，有可能后面的内容会给出提示，或者在核查时进一步联系上下文进行推理。 3.逻辑思维 ，验证复查。,四、真题演练,Yangshuo,China (2015新课标I) It was raining lightly when I_
14、61_(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didnt care. A few hours_62_, Id been at home in Hong Kong, with _63_(it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain. Id skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of th
15、e Li River_64_are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _65_(painting). Instead, Id head straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, its only an hour away_66_ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city. Yangshuo_67_(be) really beautiful. A study of travelers_68_(conduct) by the
16、 website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it_(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people_70_(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.,Thank you for your listening,