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1、Chapter Twenty-Two,U.S. Banking Regulation,Learning objectives,After studying this chapter you should be able to: 1. Give definition of banking regulation 2. Tell what are the seven basic categories of U.S. banking regulation and its striking feature 3. Explain the difficulties in U.S. banking regul
2、ation 4. List the major pieces of U.S. banking legislation in the 20th century 5. Tell all the important U.S. bank regulatory agencies,Notes,I. New Words 1. to precede vt. 在之前 2. to pursue vt. 从事 3. to assess vt. 对进行评估/估价 4. to monitor vt. 监视 5. to disclose vt. 披露（名词为disclosure） 6. gender n. 性别 7. r
3、ace n. 种族,Notes,8. oversight n. 监督（动词为oversee） 9. deterrent n. 遏制 10. excessive a. 过分的 11. to enact vt. 制定（法律） 12. redlining n. 拒绝抵押货款/用红线勾销 13. hypothetical a. 假设的 14. loophole mining 寻找漏洞 15. incentive n. 激励,Notes,16. devil n. 魔王 17. subtle a. 微妙的 18. unintended a. 非故意的 19. ceilings n. 上限 20. to o
4、verturn vt. 推翻 21. issuance and enforcement of regulations 发布并强制执行条例 22. unannounced visits 未经宣布的访问或到访 23. marital status 婚姻状况,Notes,II. Useful and Idiomatic Expressions 1. to apply to. 适用于 2. to comply with. 遵守 3. to get rid of. 除掉 4. to write off. 注销 5. to come up with. 赶上/想出,Notes,6. to feed into
5、. 加到中去 7. on the part of. 就而言，在一边的 8. to play cat and mouse with. 与玩猫捉耗子游戏（也可用to play a cat and mouse game with表示同样意思） 9. to think up. 想出 10. to submit an application 提交/提出申请 11. to declare the loan worthless 宣布贷款无价值,Notes,III. Key Terms 1. asset holdings 对资产的持有（注意holding必须用复数） 2. capital requiremen
6、ts 资本需要量 3. branching n. 开设分行 4. statutes n. 成文法laws enacted by the legislative branch of government 5. the Glass-Steagall Act 格拉斯斯帝高尔法（案） 6. regulatory authority 监管权,Notes,7. merger and consolidation 兼并和合并（merger occurs when one corporation is absorbed into another corporation and ceases to exist;
7、consolidation occurs when two or more corporations combine to form an entirely new corporation） 8. liquidation n. 清算；清偿the process of clearing up financial affairs; to have a companys assets and liabilities wound up; payment of a debt 9. bank regulatory agencies 银行监管机构 10. Comptroller of the Currenc
8、y （美）通货监理官；货币监理专员=the appointed U.S. official who oversees the financial soundness of federally chartered banks 11. bank holding company （美）银行控股公司a company that own one or more banks,Main Text,Definition of Banking Regulation Banking regulation means using rules and laws to govern or direct or contr
9、ol banking business activities and the banks themselves. In the U.S. banks are among the most heavily regulated sectors of the economy. The primary goal of banking regulation is to ensure the safety and soundness of the banking system and to protect the American economy.,Main Text,Basic Forms or Cat
10、egories of U.S. Banking Regulation 1. The Government Safety Net 2. Restrictions on Asset Holdings and Bank Capital Requirements 3. Chartering and Bank Examination 4. Disclosure Requirements 5. Consumer Protection 6. Restrictions on Competition,Main Text,Difficulties in Banking Regulation and Supervi
11、sion First, financial institutions have strong incentives to avoid existing regulations by loophole mining. Second, in the regulation and supervision game, the devil is in the details. Last but not the least, regulators and supervisors may be subject to political pressure and not do their jobs prope
12、rly.,Main Text,Some Major Pieces of U.S. Banking Legislation of the 20th Century 1. McFadden Act of 1927 2. Banking Acts of 1933 (the Glass-Steagall) 3. Consumer Protection Act of 1969 4. Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act of 1994,Main Text,The Three Bank Regulatory Agencies
13、 in the U.S. 1. The Fed (the Federal Reserve System) 2. The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency 3. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC),1. What is meant by bank regulation? 2. Explain briefly the seven basic categories of U.S. banking regulation. 3. Tell the reasons why U.S. banking regulation is not an easy job. 4. What are the chief U.S. bank regulatory laws and banking regulatory agencies? Can you talk a bit about them?,Questions for Chapter 22,This is the end of Chapter 22,Thank you for your attention,