修饰名词和代词的成分.ppt

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1、,定语从句考点复习,修饰名词和代词的成分,定语:,a beautiful flower,the larger one,beautiful,larger,定语从句：,修饰名词和代词的从句,This is the best film that I have ever seen.,定语从句,film,先行词,that,关系词,This is the best film that I have ever seen.,关系词,引导定语从句,代替先行词,在从句中担当一个成分,关系词的作用,1）,2）,3）,He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true

2、 man.,He whose hand is lazy has an empty mouth. .,True friendship is like sound health, the value of which is seldom known until it is lost.,As is known to all, where there is a will, there is a way.,God helps those who help themselves.,Revision1 the usage of the relative pronoun,who,whom,which,that

3、,whose,1.The girl _is standing next to our teacher is her daughter. 2. The girl _our teacher is talking with is a famous singer. 3. The girl_ mother is a teacher can speak English very well. 4. I cant find the book _is borrowed from the library. 5. I cant find the book _you lent to me.,who/that,(who

4、/whom/that),whose,which/that,(that/which),巩固练习：用适当的关系词填空,巩固练习2：用适当的关系词填空,We will never forget the happy time when we worked on the farm.,The reason why he could not go there was that his grades were too low .,This story is about a park where a very rich man keeps different kinds of dinosaurs.,the us

5、age of the relative adverb,when,where,why,time,place,reason,adverbial,adverbial,adverbial,在定语从句中， when/where/why=某个介词+先行词，可以用介词+which替换,巩固练习：用适当的关系词填空,1) October 1, 1949 was the day_ (_ _) China was founded. 2) Beijing is the place _ (_ _) I came. 3) Is this the reason _ (_ _) he didnt want to see m

6、e?,when,on which,where,from which,why,for which,巩固练习：用适当的关系词填空,4) Is this the room _(_ _) we were living last winter? 5) The days are gone _ (_ _) we used “foreign oil”. 6) Yesterday, we had a meeting _ (_ _) we discussed many problems.,where,in which,when,during which,at which,where,起限定作用。若省略，原句意义不

7、完整。,起补充说明作用。若省略，原句意义不受影响。,修饰先行词,修饰先行词 / 整个句子,无逗号隔开,有逗号与主句隔开,有that,无that,Revision 2 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别,作宾语时可以省略,不可以省略,Her brother who is now a soldier always encourages her to go to college. Her brother, who is now a soldier, always encourages her to go to college.,Revision 2 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别,她那当

8、兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。（隐含意思：或许不止一个哥哥）,她哥哥是当兵的，他总是鼓励她上大学。,The book (that /which) I bought yesterday is Harry Potter and the Order of Phoenix. The book ,which I bought yesterday, is Harry Potter and the Order of Phoenix.,有that，作宾语时可以省略,无that ,作宾语时不可以省略,，,我昨天买的那本书是 哈里.波特与凤凰令,1.指物时只用that 或which 的情况 2.指人时that 与wh

9、o的区别 3介词+关系代词 4.Whose 用法及转换形式 5.as 与which的区别 6.如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词 7.定语从句中的主谓一致问题 8.定语从句和并列句的区别,常见考点,1. 先行词为all, little, much, everything, nothing, something, anything等不定代词,2.先行词被all, little, much, every, no, 等修饰时。,3.先行词被序数词或最高级修饰或先行词前有the last, the very, the only 等词时。,4. 先行词为人和物的组合 5.若主句中有疑问代词 who 或者 w

10、hich，为了避免重复, 关系代词不要再用 who, which，而用 that。,只用that的情况:,考点一:that 与which 的区别,1. This is all _ I know about the matter. A. that B. what C. who D. whether 2. Is there anything else _ you require? A. which B. that C. who D. what 3. The last place _ we visited was the Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D

11、. it,考点一:that 与which 的区别,4. He talked happily about the men and books _ interested him greatly in the school. A. which B. that C. it D. whom 5. There is no dictionary _ you can find everything. A. that B. which C. where D. in that,6. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. that B. / C. which D.

12、 it,7. Which was the hotel _ was recommended to you? A. that B. which C. where D. it,1. Jim passed the driving test, _ surprised everybody in the office. A.which B that C this D.it,只用which的情况:1。逗号后面 2。介词后面,2. The day _ he was born was Aug .20 ,1952. A.on which B.that C.which D.this,Anyone _breaks th

13、e law is punished. Those _ break the law are punished. He _ breaks the law is punished.,在anyone, those, he/she/I / they作先行词时, 用”who” 代替 “that”.,考点二: that 与who的区别,who,who,who,考点三:介词+关系代词,提醒: 介词关系代词引导的定语从句, 关键 是判断介词的选择. 方法一:根据从句中动词与先行词习惯搭配 方法二:根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系,注意：关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可将介词提前构成“介词+关系代词” 的形式

14、。此时关系代词只能用which 或 whom; 不可用that 或who 代替,The man is from Beijing University . I talked about him at the meeting. The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University,Join them into one sentence.,=The man about I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.,关系代词紧跟在介词后面

15、时， 只能用which或whom且不能省略。该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句中。,whom,但遇固定词组时，介词一般紧跟词组主体，不作前置,Is this the book (which/that) you are looking for ?,He is the man (whom/who/that/) I referred to.,The patient (the nurse is taking care of) is a foreigner.,Filling blanks:,1.The man _ you shook hands just now is our headmast

16、er. 2.The room _ my family live used to be a garage.,with whom,in which,“介词+关系代词”结构引导非限制性定语从句，一般有以下几种结构：,(1)名词+介词+关系代词： They live in a house, the window of which faces south.,4. “介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句的几种结构,(2)代词+介词+关系代词： There are four students in the classroom, all of whom are working hard.,(3)数词+介词+关

17、系代词： Last Sunday I bought quite a few books from the bookstore, three of which were English novels.,(4)形容词比较级/最高级+介词+关系代词： China has thousands of islands, the largest of which is Taiwan.,He has two daughters, the taller of whom is called Mary.,考点四 Whose 用法及转换形式,1. whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词， 构成名词短语。 Thats

18、the child whose father is a teacher.,Do you know the woman whose husband is a doctor? This is a book whose cover is green.,2.whose引导定语从句，其先行词不仅可 以指人，还可以指物。,3. whose的先行词指物时, 可用of which代替, 但词序不同， 即whose+名词=the +n + of which =of which + the + n.,He lives in the room whose window faces south.,= He lives

19、 in the room, faces south.,= He lives in the room, faces south.,the window of which,of which the window,考点五：as与which引导的定语从句,两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换，但下列情况多用as。 1. 当与,so.such或the same连用时，一般用as。 e.g. Such books as you tell me are interesting. I have the same plan as you. 2. as 引导的从句可以放在句首, as 本身有“正如正象”之意

20、，与之连用的词有 know, see, expect, announce, point out 等。 e.g. As we all know, the earth is round.,1. _ was natural, he married Jenny. A. Which B. That C. This D. As 2. Such signs _ we use in the experiment _ Greek letters. A. as, are B. as, is C. that, are D. that, is,3. She is very good at dancing, _ eve

21、rybody knows. A. that B. which C. who D. as 4. _ has been said above, grammar is a set of dead rules. A. Which B. What C. That D. As 5. We do the same work _ they do. A. which B. as C. than D. like,考点六: 如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词?,选用定语从句的关系词时，需注意两点： 1.先行词 2.关系词在从句中充当的成分。,做主语，宾语，定语用,做状语用,关系代词,关系副词,I will never

22、forget the day _ I first went to school. I will never forget the day _ we spent in Beijing. The house _ we visited is being repaired now. The house _ Luxun once lived is being repaired now.,when,(which/that),(which/that),where,对比练习：用适当的关系词填空,The room _ he once lived is still there. The room _ I have

23、 to clean every day belongs to my mother.,where/in which,(that/which),对比练习：用适当的关系词填空,The reason _ I dont know is known to him.,(that/which),why/for which,The reason _ I dont know the thing is that I was not there at that time.,考点七:定语从句中主谓一致问题 定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致。 1.I am not one who _afraid o

24、f difficulty 2.Don t choose me, who _not fit for this job,is,am,3. This is one of the best books _. A. that have ever been written B. that has ever been written C. that has written D. that have written 4. She is not the only one of the girls _ well in class. A. which sings B. who sing C. who sings D

25、. who to sing,考点八：定语从句和并列句的区别,The old man has two sons, both of _are college students. The old man has two sons, and both of _are college students. A. who B. whom C. them D. they,B,C,1. Is this factory _ we visited last week?,D,Is this the factory _ we visited last Week?,A、where B、that C、to which D、

26、the one,B,解题关键：如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈述句式。,Exercises,2. Let me think of a proper situation _ this sentence can be used.,A、where B、that C、of whom D、which,A,先行词是situation, case, scene，point时，一般用where,3. She will never forget the day_ she spent in Beijing.,A、when B、what C、which D、why,C,She will never forget the

27、 day_ she stayed with him in Beijing.,A,5. The college wont take anyone _ eyesight is weak.,A、who B、whose C、of whom D、which,B,6.Those _ to take part in the game write down your names.,A、who B、who want C、who wants D、what,B,7. I dont like English, _ grammar I am not interested. I dont like English, _

28、is difficult to learn. I like this house, _ doorway it is just enough to get . I like this house, _ doorway is small. A. in which B. which C. through whose D. whose,A,B,C,D,8. I，_ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.,A、who is B、what is C、what am D、who am,D,9. Which of the two cows _ y

29、ou keep produces more milk?,A、which B、that C、what D、as,B,10. His walking stick, _ he cant walk, was lost yesterday.,A、that B、with which C、which D、without which,D,12. He must be from Africa, _ can be seen from his skin. A. that B. as C. who D. what,B,14. This is the same pen _I lost yesterday. A. as

30、B. that C.the one D. A&B,D,比较： .the same pen as I lost. . the same pen that I lost.,表示这支笔与我不见的那支一样，不一定就是,则表示这支笔就是我不见的那支 .,15. The teacher gave us so difficult a problem _ we couldnt solve. The teacher gave us so difficult a problem _ we couldnt solve it. A. as B. that C. which D. the ones,A,B,so .th

31、at 后面跟的是一个结果状语从句，从句中不缺句子成分。,16. _is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high school is increasing. A. Which B. As C. What D. That,B,17. Ill tell you _ he told me last night. A. all which B. all what C. that all D. all,D,18. How do you like the book? Its quite different from _ I rea

32、d last month. A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what,C,19. There are three libraries in our school, _ were built five years ago.,A、all of them B、either of them C、all of which D、both of that,C,20.I bought some books from the bookstore, five _were English novels.,A. of which B. which C. that D. i

33、n which,A,名词/代词/数词+of+ which /whom引导非限定性定语从句,21.Here are players from Japan, some of _ are our old friends. Here are some players from Japan and some of _ are our old friends. A. which B. that C. whom D. them,非限制性定语从句,并列句,C,D,解题思路:,1. 通读全句。首先判断是什么句型。 2. 题干句如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈述句式。 3. 分析从句的句子结构，在定语从句中，缺什么，

34、就补什么：缺主或宾语，用关系代词；缺状语，用关系副词 4. 注意标点符号和题干中是否存在并列连词and, but等。,1. I dont like_you speak to her. (1996上海) A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which 2. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _in the forest. A. once they grew B. they grew once C. they once gre

35、w D. that once grew (1997上海) 3. Carol said the work would be done by October, _personally I doubt very much. A. it B. that C. when D. which (99),10年高考定语从句考试题,A,D,D,4. is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior schools is increasing. A. Which B. As C. That D. It (1999上海) 5. He was very

36、rude to the Customs officer, of course made things even worse. A. who B. whom C. what D. which (1999上海) 6. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _,of course , made the others unhappy. A. who B. which C. this D. what (2000) 7. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, was very

37、reasonable. (2000上海) A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose,B,D,B,B,8. The result of the experiment was very good, we hadnt expected. A. when B. that C. which D. what (2000北京春) 9. Have you seen the film “Titanic”, _ leading actor is world-famous? A. its B. its C. who

38、se D. which (2001上海春季) 10. John said hed been working in the office for an hour, was true. A. he B. this C. which D. who (2001北京春) 11. The film brought the hours to me I was taken good care of in that far away village. A. until B. that C. when D. where (2001NMET),c,c,c,c,12. is known to everybody, t

39、he moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What (2001NMET) 13. He is the only one of the students who _ a winner of scholarship for three years. A. is B. are C. have been D. has been (2002上海春季) 14. Hes got himself into a dangerous situation he is likely to lose control

40、over the plane. A. where B. which C. while D. why (2001上海) 15. Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained (2002上海春季),B,A,A,A,16. The famous basketball star, _ tried to make a comeback, attracted a

41、 lot of attention. A. where B. when C. which D. who (2002北京春季) 17. Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, _ I will always treasure. A. that B. one C. it D. what (2002NMET) 18. We will be shown around the city: schools, museums and some other places, _ other visitors seld

42、om go. A. what B. which C. where D. when (2002北京) 19. We are living in an age many things are done on computer. A. which B. that C. whose D. when (2003北京春) 20. has been announced, we shall have our final exams next month. A. That B. As C. It D. What (2003上海春),D,B,C,D,B,21. .George Orwell, _ was Eric

43、 Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. （2004北京） A. the real name B. what his real name C. his real name D. whose real name 22. _ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress. （2004北京） A. It B. As C. That D. What 23. Helen was much kinder to her youngest

44、 son than to the others, _, of course, made the others envy him. （2004天津） A. who B. that C. what D. which 24. It is easy to do the repair, _ you need is a hammer and some nails. （2004天津） A .Something B. All C. Both D. Everything,D,B,D,B,25. _ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan

45、. （2004江苏） A. Which B. When C. What D. As 26. Anyway, that evening, _ Ill tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachels place. （2004浙江） A. when B. where C. what D. which 27. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _ the sailing time was 226 days. （2004广西） A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which