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1、Chapter 1,Brief Introduction to the United States of America,Contents,Warming-up,the symbols of USA,New words and expressions,contiguous: adj. very close or connected in space or time邻近的，接触的，连续的 California and Mexico are contiguous. insular: adj. relating to or characteristic of or situated on an is
2、land 岛的，岛民的， 岛特有的 archipelago: n. a group of many islands in a large body of water 群岛，多岛海 ethnically: adv. with respect to ethnicity人种上，民族上 ratification: n. making something valid by formally ratifying or confirming it 批准，认可,New words and expressions,agrarian: adj. relating to rural matters土地的，耕地的，有
3、关土地的 The agrarian reform enabled us to form an alliance with the peasants on the basis of democracy and enabled them to obtain land. dissolution: n. separation into component parts 分解 The President announced the dissolution of Parliament. peninsula: n. a large mass of land projecting into a body of
4、water半岛 Pray for newly established Churches to be a great blessing to this Arabian Peninsula nation.,New words and expressions,hinge: n. a joint that holds two parts together so that one can swing relative to the other铰链;枢纽；关键 The door is joined by hinge. precipitation: n. the quantity of water fall
5、ing to earth at a specific place within a specified period of time坠落，沉淀，凝结；冰雹 There will be precipitation on northern hills tonight. diminish: vt. decrease in size, extent, or range使减少；使变小 No man and no thing can interfere with your use of this power or diminish your spare of it.,New words and expre
6、ssions,elevation: n. the event of something being raised upward 海拔；高地；提高；正面图；崇高 Mountaineers sometimes have to use oxygen at this elevation. deciduous: adj. (of plants and shrubs) shedding foliage at the end of the growing season每年落叶的，非永久性的 vegetation: n. all the plant life in a particular region or
7、 period植物，草木；植被 Groundwater is an important affecting factor for vegetation variation. precision: n. the quality of being reproducible in amount or performance精确；精度，精密度 These precision machines look like toys.,Brief Introduction,Brief Introduction,Area: 9372614 square km Coastline: 22680 km From eas
8、t to west : about 4500 km From north to south: about 2700 km Lowest sea-level: -86m (Death Valley) Highest sea-level: 6193m Mt. Mckinley,Brief Introduction National Flag,Stripes: 13 horizontal stripes of red alternating with white representing the original thirteen colonies Stars: a blue rectangle b
9、earing 50 small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars alternating with rows of five stars, representing the 50 U.S. states Nicknames: the stars and stripes, Old Glory, the American flag, and the star-spangled banner,6/2/2019,11,US Great Seal,always ready for
10、 war,a strong desire for peace,a preference for peace,E Pluribus Unum Out of Many, One Traditional motto of America,a new nation taking its place among other sovereign states,The shield: a blue Chief: the Congress blue: vigilance, perseverance & justice white: purity and innocence red: hardiness & v
11、alour on the breast of an Eagle: the US relies on their own Virtue.,Number 13: 13 original states,Bald eagle: National bird,Brief Introduction National Bird: Bald Eagle (白头鹰),Brief Introduction National Flower: ROSE (玫瑰花),The rose became the official flower of the United States in 1986. The rose is
12、believed to be the symbol of love, beauty, peace, friendship, bravery and sacrifice.,Brief Introduction National Tree: Oak (橡树),Brief Introduction US National Anthem,The Star Spangled Banner (1) O! say can you see by the dawns early light What so proudly we hailed at the twilights last gleaming. Who
13、se broad stripes and bright stars through the perilous fight, Oer the ramparts we watched were so gallantly streaming. And the rockets red glare, the bombs bursting in air, Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there. Oh, say does that star-spangled banner yet wave Oer the land of the
14、 free and the home of the brave?,哦，你可看见，透过一线曙光， 我们对着什么，发出欢呼的声浪？ 谁的阔条明星，冒着一夜炮火， 依然迎风招展，在我军碉堡上？ 火炮闪闪发光，炸弹轰轰作响， 它们都是见证，国旗安然无恙。 你看星条旗不是还高高飘扬 在这自由国家，勇士的家乡？,Brief Introduction US National Anthem,The Star Spangled Banner (2) On the shore, dimly seen through the mists of the deep, Where the foes haughty hos
15、t in dread silence reposes, What is that which the breeze, oer the towering steep, As it fitfully blows, half conceals, half discloses? Now it catches the gleam of the mornings first beam, In full glory reflected now shines in the stream: Tis the star-spangled banner! Oh long may it wave Oer the lan
16、d of the free and the home of the brave!,透过稠密的雾，隐约望见对岸， 顽敌正在酣睡，四周沉寂阑珊。 微风断断续续，吹过峻崖之巅， 你说那是什么，风中半隐半现？ 现在它的身上，映着朝霞烂漫， 凌空照在水面，霎时红光一片。 这就是星条旗，愿它永远飘扬 在这自由国家，勇士的家乡。,Brief Introduction US National Anthem,The Star Spangled Banner (3) And where is that band who so vauntingly swore That the havoc of war and t
17、he battles confusion, A home and a country should leave us no more! Their blood has washed out their foul footsteps pollution. No refuge could save the hireling and slave From the terror of flight, or the gloom of the grave: And the star-spangled banner in triumph doth wave Oer the land of the free
18、and the home of the brave!,都到哪里去了，信誓旦旦的人们？ 他们向往的是能在战争中幸存， 家乡和祖国，不要抛弃我们。 他们自己用血，洗清肮脏的脚印。 那些奴才、佣兵，没有地方藏身， 逃脱不了失败和死亡的命运。 但是星条旗却将要永远飘扬 在这自由国家，勇士的家乡。,Geography,Rivers and Lakes,Mountains and Hills,Location and Area,The United States is situated in the central part of North America. It is bounded by Canad
19、a on the north and by Mexico and the Gulf of Mexico on the south with the Atlantic Ocean on the east and Pacific Ocean on the west.,Climate,1) The main feature: varied temperate zone & mild subtropical zone 2) From East to West: A. Northeast coast & the Great Lakes areas: temperate B. Southeast & th
20、e Gulf plain: subtropic C. The Central plain:continental climate 3) Disastrous weather Hurricane， tornado，snowstorm,Topograghy,(1) The eastern part is made of the highlands formed by the Appalachian Range. (2) The western part consists of high plateaus and mountains formed by the Great Cordillera Ra
21、nge. (3) Between the Rocky Mountains and the Appalachians lies the central plain which occupies one second of Americas landmass on the continent.,Topograghy,Topograghy,Rivers and Lakes,The Mississippi River is the largest river in America, over 6000 kilometers. The Mississippi has been called “fathe
22、r of waters“ or “old man river“.,Rivers and Lakes,The Three Major River systems (1) The Mississippi River is the longest and the most important river in the system of the Gulf. (2) There are no long river in the system of the Atlantic. (3) In the system of the Pacific, there are two major rivers: th
23、e Columbia River and the Colorado River. (4) The five Great Lakes,Rivers and Lakes,The total area of five lakes: 245660 sqkm Name Area (sqkm) most dept（m） Superior （苏必利尔湖） 82103 405 Huron（休伦湖） 59570 229 Michigan（密歇根湖） 57757 281 Erie（伊利湖） 25667 64 Ontario（安大略湖） 19554 244,Mountains and Hills,The Rocky
24、 Mountains The Appalachian Mountains,Mountains and Hills,The Rocky Mountains： They are located in western North America. They are know for their beautiful scenery with mountains, trees and big game. People visit the Rockies for many recreational activities like hiking, hunting, camping, skiing and l
25、ots of other sports.,Mountains and Hills,The Appalachian Mountains,Population,The current U.S.A. population is over 311 million people (311,800,000 in mid-2011) so the United States has the worlds third largest population (following China and India). They are the Caucasian (8.4%), the black (13%)，th
26、e Mexican, the Arab, the Puerto Rican（波多黎各人, the Indian, the Chinese people and so on. Official language is English. The Mexican spoke Spanish, the Indian speaks the America Indian language, the various countries immigration descendant， besides the use English, still spoke the ancestor language.,Population Percentage of total USA Population,Language,Official language is English. The Mexican spoke Spanish, the Indian speaks the America Indian language, the various countries immigration descendant， besides the use English, still spoke the ancestor language.,