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1、,Unit 2 News media,Learning Aims: 1. To learn the ed form used as Attribute and Predicative,更多资源,Filling the blanks with proper words and phrases:,Which of the news media above is the most _ (最可靠)? 2. 那个人被解雇了。_ 3. The man _ _(面对困难). 4. The temperature has _ _(上升). 5. These houses (were) _ _(烧毁) by t
2、he enemy. 6. A library is _ _ (不仅仅)just a place where books are stored. 7. 作出明智的决定 _ 8. I think we may _ these two accident _ (把与联系起来) his carelessness.,reliable,The man was fired.,faces,difficulties,gone,up,burned,down,more,than,make informed decisions,relate,to,10. 转换角色 _,switch roles,就这(那)一次 _,fo
3、r once,11. They were crying _ _ (而不是) singing. 12. 阐述故事情节 _ 13. Mr. John _ _ _(颁奖) at the meeting. Mirrors _ (反射) light. 读关于 的文章, 获悉 _ Many students _ _ _ (沉溺于) computer games. 苦于,患病 _ 对 加以注意, 把注意力吸引到上来 _ 19. The problem is beyond my _(理解力). 20. 在各方面,到处 _,rather,than,develop the story,presented,the,
4、prizes,reflect,read about,are,addicted,to,suffer from,draw/ attract/ catch (ones) attention to,understanding,on all sides,REVISION,China is a developing country belonging to the Third World .,一)作定语,单个的分词作定语一般放在被修饰词的前面 -ing分词短语作定语应放在被修饰词的后面，也相当于一个定语从句。,唱歌的男孩 在酒吧里唱歌的男孩,a singing boy,a boy singing in t
5、he bar,站在门边的同志是谁？ 1.Who is the comrade standing by the door? Who is the comrade that is standing by the door ? 他们住在一所朝南的房子里 2.They lived in a house facing south They lived in a house which is facing south .,2.作定语,A,过去 分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系且过去分词表示的动作以完成。 现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生，与修饰词是主谓关系。 不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。 所以A是正确
6、的。First played in 776B.C.=which was first played in 776 B.C.,高考题,二) 作补语：,-ing分词可以在see, hear, notice, watch, feel, look at, listen to, observe, have, get, leave, keep, set, catch, find 等动词后面和一个名词或代词构成一个复合宾语， 作宾语补语。 如： I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car. 我下车的时候注意到一个男人匆匆忙忙地从
7、银行里跑出来。 Last night the shopkeeper caught a child stealing some food in the shop. 昨晚，店主在商店里抓到一个小孩在偷东西。,感官动词和使役动词,能跟现在分词作宾语补足语的常见动词 have、keep 、 leave、 make、 （四让 ） look at、see、watch、（三看） hear、listen to、（两听） find catch 、（两发现） notice 、（一注意） feel、(一感觉）,上面这类句子也可变成被动语态， 这时，-ing分词可看成是主语补语。 We were kept waiti
8、ng for quite a long time. 让我们等了好长时间。 Jily was never heard singing that song again. 人们再也没有听到吉丽唱这首歌了。,作 状 语,现在分词作状语。表时间、原因、条件、结果、伴随（方式）等。,Hearing the cry for help, he rushed out.（时间）,Being ill, he went home. （原因）,European football is played in 80 countries, making it the most popular sport in the worl
9、d. (NMET 98)（结果）,He read a magazine waiting for the bus.（伴随）,Seeing from the hill, you can get the whole town.(条件）,-ing分词同样有时态和语态的变化，通常有下表几种形式（以do为例）：,doing,being done,having done,having been done,2. -ing分词的一般式和完成式：,-ing分词的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行的动作； 完成式表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。,They talked about the life
10、of university ,sitting on the ground 。 Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 因为没有努力学习功课，他考试不及格。,同时,之前,-ing分词的否定形式是由not 加-ing分词构成。,Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait. 不知道他的地址，我只好在家里等着。,3. -ing分词的被动式：,-ing分词的被动式表示它的逻辑主语是-ing分词动作的 承受者。根
11、据-ing分词动作发生的时间， -ing分词的被动式有： 一般被动式(being done) 完成被动式(having been done)。如：,The question being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。 2Having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking. 被老师批评以后，他把烟戒了。,grammar,Learning Aims,1.Review the words appearing in this unit . 2.Learn and master the u
12、se of the Past Participle as Attribute and Predicative. 3.Do some exercises for further understanding.,The Past Participle: 过去分词,Form:,规则动词的过去分词-v-ed,不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的构成规则,Function:,1.作定语(Attribute) 2.作表语(Predicative),一般来说,过去分词含有“完成”或“被动”的双重意义.,B.被动意义 An honored guest 一位受尊敬的客人,A.完成意义 A retired teacher
13、 一位退休的教师,Meaning:,Past Participle as Attribute:,1.单个过去分词作定语, 一般放在名词的前面.,注意点: 过去分词修饰something,nothing,somebody等不定代词或指示代词those时,要放在这些词的后面.,fallen leaves a risen sun已升起的太阳 boiled water a broken glass被打破的玻璃杯,1. He is one of those invited. 2. nothing reported ( in the newspaper) interested him.,the chang
14、ing world the changed world boiling water boiled water fading flowers faded flowers a developingcountry a developed country,（正在变化的）（变化了的）,（正在沸腾的）（已经沸腾过的）,(正在凋谢的) (已经凋谢的）,(发展中的) (发达的）,in the given time with the words given a wanted person workers wanted a concerned look the people concerned,在既定的时间内,用
15、所给的单词,被通缉的人,招聘工人,关切的神情,有关人士,有些过去分词作前置定语或后置定语时意义不同.,Past Participle as Attribute:,2.如果是过去分词短语作定语,要放在名词的后面, 其功能相当于一个定语从句.,We lived in the house built by my father.,We lived in the house which was built by my father.,过去分词或过去分词短语作定语时，其功能相当于一个定语从句。,The stolen bike belongs to Jack.,The bike which had been
16、 stolen belongs to Jack.,The lecture given by Professor Zhang is about environment protection.,The lecture which was given by Professor Zhang is about the environment protection.,过去分词与现在分词的区别：,1 语态不同：现在分词表示主动，及物动词的过去分词表示被动 注：不及物动词的过去分词只有“完成”含义，而不表示被动,an inspiring speech,the inspired audience,鼓舞人心的演说
17、,受到鼓舞的观众,The falling leaves the fallen leaves,落叶（正往下落的）,落叶（已经落到地面的）,2 时间关系不同：现在分词作定语，多表示“动作正在 进行”或“与谓语同时进行”或“经常性”。 过去分词作定语，则多表示分词动作“先于位于动词表 示的动作” 或“ 没有一定的时间性”,1.Do you know the boy _(lie) under the big tree? 2.The woman _(sell) vegetables has gone. 3.The wheat is watered by water _(bring) from a pon
18、d. 4. He is a leader_ (respect) by the people.,lying,selling,brought,respected,3 及物动词的过去分词(done)与现在分词的被动式 (being done)都可以表示“被动”，但前者多表示一个 完成了的动作，而后者则表示一个正在进行的动作.,the problem discussed yesterday The problem being discussed,4. 过去分词（done）与现在分词的完成被动式 （having been done）都表示“完成”和“被动”，但前者 的时间性不变，而后者更加强调分词动作明
19、显先于 谓语动作。,1.He is a teacher _(respect) by all. 2. _(tell)to stay in Beijing, the boy decided not to returned to his village.,respected,Having been told,PRACTISING,The telegram that was sent by my sister brought the news of my dear grandmas death. 2. Lets try the bookstore that was opened last month.
20、 3. Nine out of ten women who were interviewed about the product said they liked it.,The telegram sent by my sister brought the news of my dear grandmas death.,Lets try the bookstore opened last month.,Nine out of ten women interviewed about the product said they like it.,4. The three guns, which ha
21、d been stolen from the police station, were found in the house. 5. I dont like going to supermarkets that located in the center of the town.,The three guns, stolen from the police station, were found in the house.,I dont like going to supermarkets located in the center of the town.,Past Participle a
22、s Predicative:,过去分词作表语, 无“被动”的意思,只是表示主语的状态或思想感情等,结构为:,be feel/look /seem /get/ become,+done,常见作表语的过去分词有：,amazed, disappointed, excited, interested, moved, pleased, satisfied, surprised等。,For example She looked worried. I am interested in the book. He was lost in thought. The door remained locked.,(1
23、)He looked worried after reading the letter. when we heard of it, we were deeply moved.,(2)The glass is broken. The glass is broken by Tom last night.,(表示状态),(表示动作),注: 过去分词作表语不要与被动语态混为一谈.,(1)用作表语的过去分词,主要表示一种状态, 此时相当于一个形容词.,(2)用作被动语态的过去分词,句子的主语是 动作的承受者,后常跟by短语.,有的已成为固定搭配 ： be covered with be lost in
24、thought be caught in the rain be separated from be interested in,被覆盖 陷入沉思 被雨淋 从分离 对感兴趣,区别,2)、过去分词作表语与现在分词作表语的区别； V-ing一般表主动或主语的性质和特性，“令人” 主语多为物 PP主语的感受或状态，“感到” 主语多为人 EG： How disappointed he felt at the result of the election (他感到失望） How disappointing he is.He should not have failed in such an electi
25、on (他令人失望）,interesting interested exciting excited delighting delighted disappointing disappointed encouraging encouraged pleasing pleased satisfying satisfied puzzling puzzled surprising surprised worrying worried,使人感兴趣的 感兴趣的 令人激动的 感到激动的 令人高兴的 感到高兴的 令人失望的 感到失望的 令人鼓舞的 感到鼓舞的 令人愉快的 感到愉快的 令人满意的 感到满意的 令
26、人费解的 感到费解的 令人惊异的 感到惊异的 令人担心的 感到担心的,在用分词短语作状语时, 它逻辑上的主语一般必须与句子的主语一致, 但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑上的主语, 这种结构称为:,独 立 结 构,独立结构可以表示伴随动作或情况, 表示时间、原因、条件等, 例如： He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat. (伴随情况) The shower being over, we continued to march. (时间) So many students being absent, we decided to put
27、the meeting off. (原因) Weather permitting, well have an outing tomorrow. (条件) All things considered, her paper is of greater value than yours. The job done, we went home. The composition written, he handed it to the teacher.,CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER,Prices of daily goods _ through a computer can be low
28、er than store prices . ( NMET 2002 ) A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying 2. The first text books _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century .( NMET 94) Having written B. to be written C. being written D. written,过去分词的否定形式：not done,3.思考： _ in the country, h
29、e found everything in the countryside interesting. Not bringing up Not brought up C. Being not brought up D. Having not brought up,2.作定语,例2 NMET1997第17题,The Olympic Games,_ in 776 B.C.did not include women players until 1912. A. first played B. to be first played C. first playing D. to be first play
30、ing,differences:,A reporter begins by contacting the people to be interviewed and then prepares questions. Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa. Did you see the boy being questioned by the police?,过去分词作定语表示一个完成的被动作。 现在分词被动式作定语表示一个正在进行的被动动作。 不定式的被动式作定语表示一个将来的被动动作。,Grammar,e
31、xercises in the book,P.13 Ex.1,Past Participle used as Attribute: experienced informed talented organized stolen addicted printed,Past Participle used as Predicative: needed respected tolerated,P.14 Ex. 2,informed decisions = decisions that are based on information talented journalists = journalists
32、 who are talented an organized way = a way which is organized stolen cultural relics = cultural relics that were stolen,P.14 Ex. 3,The telegram sent by my sister brought the news of my dear grandmas death. Lets try the bookstore opened last month. Nine out of ten women interviewed about the product
33、said they liked it. The three guns stolen from the police stations were found in the house. I dont like going to supermarkets located in the centre of the town.,Excises 4 on P. 14,The three injured students were sent to hospital. Some used textbooks were given to the students in the countryside. 3.
34、Tom cant go to school because of his broken leg. 4. The published novel is a best-seller. 5. The newly built research center is very beautiful.,P.91 Ex. 2,The man who is disturbing the other workers is called James Smith. - James is disturbing the others. The man who is being disturbed by the other
35、workers is called James Smith. - The others are disturbing James.,2. The teenagers who were discussing the event in the TV talk show were all school children. The teenagers were on TV. The teenagers who were being discussed on TV talk show were all school children. - People on TV are talking about t
36、he teenagers.,3. The driver who informed us of the accident quit his job a week later. The driver told us the accident. The driver who was informed of the accident quit his job a week later. - Someone told the driver about the accident.,4. I had already met the man who interviewed me before I came h
37、ere. The man is the person who asked me questions. I had already met the man who was interviewed by the boss before I came here. - The man is the person who answered the bosss questions.,5. Do you happen to know the host who is presenting the professor? The host is the person who tells people about
38、the professor. Do you happen to know the host who is being presented by the professor? - The professor tells people about the host.,P.91 Ex.3,A well armed team searched the cave for the dangerous creature. This is a well-written composition; I could hardly find any mistakes in it. He is a well-infor
39、med person; you can get almost all the latest news from him. The newly elected president is making a public speech on TV. We are using the newly revised English textbook. We find it a lot more interesting,6. Look at this badly printed book; there are so many printing mistakes in it. 7. The badly inj
40、ured guard was sent to the hospital immediately. 8. This is a recently updated source; it will give you an idea of whats going on. 9. Look ! That newly-built house is where my father works. 10. Society needs well- educated citizens, so education is very important in ones life.,Revision,Compete the s
41、entences using the right form of the given verb. I had nothing to do. I was _ (bore) and lonely. Jack looked even more _ (amaze) than he felt. The results were very _ (disappoint). I was thanked by the _ (satisfy) customer. The girl _ (dress) in red is my daughter. Last Monday our class went on an _ (organise) trip.,bored,amazed,disappointing,satisfied,dressed,organised,Thank you!,更多资源,