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1、赵 兴 中 Email： Tel: 87642784,第三代太阳能电池,一，为什么要研究太阳能电池 二，太阳能电池发展概述 三， 第三代太阳能电池研究,提纲,为什么要研究太阳能电池？ 太阳能是地球上大多数能源的终极来源 化石燃料终将枯竭，环境污染日益严重,Energy-crisis is coming Green-house effect is deteriorating Renewable, cheaper, environment friendly energy is in highly Demanding !,为什么要研究太阳能电池？,PV: A Thriving Global Indu
2、stry and Markets,太阳能电池是微电子科学和技术研究中永远的朝阳方向 太阳能电池研究是基础科学与工程技术研究的主要会聚中心 太阳能电池研究在可持续发展的社会中具有重要的市场和应用前景,二，太阳能电池发展概述,1876 Photovoltage Observed in Solid (Se) 1954 First Practical Solar Cell (c-Si; eff = 6%) 1960s Used for space applications to power satellites 1970s Started to be used for terrestrial appl
3、ications,A: 玻璃盖板 B: 抗反射涂层 C: 接触网 D：N型硅 E：P型硅 F: 背部接触面,第一代、第二代太阳能电池,Performance of photovoltaic & photoelectrochemical solar cells,Nautre 414, 338, 2001,太阳能电池发展瓶颈 The bottle neck for using solar cell,Three factors influence the application of Solar Cell: (1) 效率, (2) 稳定性, (3) 成本,染料敏化纳米晶太阳能电池 成本仅为常规电池的
4、1/8 至 1/10！,三， 第三代太阳能电池染料敏化纳米晶 太阳能电池研究,国家基金委杰出青年基金，国家科技部纳米研究重大专项和863项目支持 Co-worker: Dr. HAN, Hongwei; Dr. WU Shujuan Dr. ZHANG, Jin; Dr. Yang Ying; Dr. Zou Conghua,1, Background 2, (PEO/PVDF)/TiO2 electrolyte DSSC 3, PEO/P(VDF-HFP)/ Nanoparticle electrolyte DSSC 4, TiO2 modification by magnetron spu
5、ttering 5, Summary,三， 第三代太阳能电池研究,Schematic of DSSC,Comparing with sol-gel, TiO2 film by reactive DC magnetron sputtering shows better durability, high photocatalytic activity, and favorable homogeneity. Ref: Surface and Coatings Technology 151, 51, 2002,Structure,Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs),L
6、iquid-State Solid-State,Key issue of DSSCs is The Stability of Electrolyte,Basic problems needed to overcome: High recombination rate at the TiO2 / HC interface Low conductivity of the solid state electrolytes Ref: J. Phys. Chem, B. 2003,Introducing nanoparticle to PEO for Li+ batteries Ref: Nature,
7、 Vol. 394, 1998 2. Applied in DSSC with PEO/nano-TiO2 Ref: Nano Letters, Vol. 2, 2002 3. Filled with fumed silica nanoparticles in PEO Ref: Chem. Commun., Vol. 14, 2004,Possible avenue： Improve the PEO/nanoparticle system to further increase ionic conductivity and reduce recombination rate,DSC With
8、PVDF,2.1, (PEO/PVDF)/TiO2 electrolyte for DSSC,Ionic conductivity of polymer redox electrolyte hybrid with TiO2 nanoparticles as a function of PEO/PVDF ratio at RT,Photocurrent density-voltage characteristics of solar cell using BP-0:10, BP-4:6 and BP-10:0 blend polymer redox electrolyte. Insert Fig
9、ure, Photocurrent action spectrum of solar cell using BP-4:6 blend polymer redox electrolyte. HW Han et al., Adv. Funct. Mater., 2005, 15, 1940-1944,Water and ethanol modified (PEO/PVDF)/TiO2 electrolyte, highest energy conversion efficiency is 5.8%,2.2, Stability of (PEO/PVDF)/TiO2 electrolyte,Wate
10、r and ethanol addition enhanced stability of DSSC! Y. Yang et al. / J. Power Sources 185 (2008) 14921498; Nanotech. 20 (2009) 105204,2, Stability of (PEO/PVDF)/TiO2 electrolyte DSSC,3, PEO/P(VDF-HFP)/Nanoparticle electrolyte DSSC,Conductive carbon nanoparticles hybrid PEO/P(VDF-HFP)/SiO2 NP J. Zhang
11、 et al. / Solid State Ionics 178 (2007) 15951601,Efficiency 4.27% at 5% carbon NP,End-functional silicone coupling agent modified PEO/P(VDF-HFP)/SiO2 NP J Zhang et al, Nanotechnology 18 (2007) 295606, 19 (2008) 245202,3, PEO/P(VDF-HFP)/Nanoparticle electrolyte DSSC,4, TiO2 modification by magnetron
12、sputtering,Al2O3 coated TiO2 electrodes enhance DSSC S. Wu et al. / Journal of Power Sources 182 (2008) 119123,4, TiO2 modification by magnetron sputtering,MgO-coated TiO2 electrodes SJ Wu et al., Nanotechnology 19 (2008) 215704,ZnO-coated TiO2 electrode SJ Wu et al, Appl. Phys. Lett., 92, 122106 20
13、08,4, TiO2 modification by magnetron sputtering,Summary,1, Adding PVDF into PEO/nanoparticles electrolyte increased the ionic conductivity and efficiency of DSSC 2, Water and ethanol addition enhanced ionic conductivity, efficiency and stability of (PEO/PVDF)/TiO2 NP electrolyte 3, End-functional silicone coupling agent enhanced PEO/ P(VDF-HFP)/SiO2 NP electrolyte 4, Magnetron sputtering oxides could depress the recombination rate at TiO2/Dye(elctrolytes) interfaces,Thank You!,