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1、Teaching Speaking,口语教学,Objective of the lesson:,1.Features for successful speaking tasks 2. Principles for teaching speaking 3. Types of speaking tasks 4. Speaking activities,I. Features for successful speaking tasks,2) Maximum foreign talk,3) Even participation,4) High motivation (Engagement),1) Ri
2、ght language level,II. Principles for teaching speaking,a) Balancing accuracy-based with fluency -based practices,How ts should allocate the time on both practices may well depend on your own context, your students level of proficiency and resources available.,b) Contextualizing practice,II. Princip
3、les for teaching speaking,Teachers need to identify a situation in which a target structure is commonly used.( Meaningful simulated tasks are needed ),c) Personalizing practice,II. Principles for teaching speaking,Sts learn better by talk or write about their own life experiences and their personal
4、opinions.,d) Creating favorable classroom environment,II. Principles for teaching speaking,Supportive environment can help sts build up their confidence and develop their communicative ability.,Pre- communicative tasks Communicative tasks,III. Types of speaking tasks,Structural activities e.g. focus
5、ed structural dialogues, controlled role play,Social interaction activities e.g. problem-solving, discussions, debates , interviews,IV. Speaking activities,4.1 Information-gap activities,One exercise way to make speaking tasks communicative is to use information-gap activities, in which the students
6、 have different info and they need to obtain information from each other in order to finish a task. E.g.,Classroom activity,Perform a dialogue with a partner based on cue cards,Card A You are talking to a new classmate. Begin the conversation with a greeting. Greet your partner Ask your partner whic
7、h school he/ she went to before Ask your partner if he/she lives nearby the school Suggest you go shopping together after school,Card B You are a new student at this school. One of your classmates greets you. Greet your partner back. Answer the question Answer the question Respond to the offer,Class
8、room activity,4.2 Role plays,The level of control for role-play is much less and thus gives students more practice of thinking and talking in real-time, e.g.,Card A You and your friend are going out to eat lunch. You need to decide where to go. You would like to try something different because youre
9、 tired of the same food. You make a suggestion.,Card B You and your friend are going out to eat lunch. You need to decide where to go. You would like to go to the place where you always go, because you like the food. You dont agree with your friends suggestion.,4.3 Problem-solving activities,This ty
10、pe of speaking activity tends to be productive because there is a clear objective to be reached or problem to be solved. For example:,conducting a survey, discuss and debate about some topics relevant to the students lives,Classroom activity,Directions: The topic is sleep. (Sts have learned present
11、perfect tense ) First the teacher talks about sleep and gets sts to give him as much “sleep” vocabulary as they can. (e.g. _ _ _) Then sts work in pairs to plan questions for their sleep questionnaire and the teacher goes round helping where necessary.,dream, nightmare, walk in your sleep,heavy slee
12、per, light sleeper,A sample students questionnaire may end up like this:,Conclusion,The trick in teaching speaking is to provide a chance for sts to speak and make them speak. Although the teachers talk can be good models and useful input, it is best to keep the teachers talk at a minimum level.,Be as creative as you can!,