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1、大学英语四六级讲座,我看四六级,状况,题型不熟悉 技巧没掌握 练习不标准 复习没定性,我看四六级写作,评分原则,先归档，再定分；一档次，差几分 2分，条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。 5分，基本切题，思想表达不清楚，连贯性差，有较多严重的语言错误。 8分，基本切题，有些地方思想表达不够清楚，文字勉强连贯，语言错误相当多，其中有一些严重的错误。 11分，切题，思想表达清楚，文字连贯，但又少量语言错误。 14，切题，思想表达清楚， 文字通顺， 连贯性较好，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。,字数不足应酌情扣分,漂漂亮亮 像模像样 马马虎虎 稀里糊涂 一塌糊涂,
2、内容,结构,语言,内容扣题 不要在构思上妄图出奇制胜 结构完整 先写主题句，在写分论点，最后再写总结句。 语言卓越 大量背诵优秀文章进行借鉴和模仿来提高语言水平。,I think。 I also think I also also think. Do you think so?,TCL,I assert/ argue/ assume/ grasp/ hold/ consider/ believe/insist/ ponder/ deem/ reckon/ suppose/ maintain/ In my eyes/ To my point/ As for me From my point of
3、 view, from my part, I hold the view that I am of the opinion that I cling to the idea that As far as I am concerned, ,11年四六级作文题,Nothing Succeeds Without Strong Will The Way to Success,Success is very important. On achieving Success We cannot travel every path. Success must be won along one line. 人不
4、可能经历每一条道路，必须选择一条道路走下去并最终获得成功。,If we do not work with out might, others will; and they will outstrip us in the race, and pluck the prize from our grasp. 如果我们不能全力以赴，别人就会赶超我们，并且从我们手中夺去胜利的果实。,四六级作文考题特点,写作主要是要求学生在30分钟之内写出一篇短文，四级不少于120字，六级不少于150字，出题形式一般为给出题目、要求看图作文、根据所给文章（英语或汉语）写成摘要或大意、或给出关键词或提纲要求写出短文等等。,
5、出题范围,读书学习类 校园生活类 社会热点类 日常生活类,写作高分要素,一、结构清晰 连贯性，内容的详略安排 二、句式多变 长短结合，主被动结合，倒装句，强调句，比较句式等 三、要有亮点 设计一个让评卷老师眼前一亮的亮点，使用地道的词句，语用恰当的修辞，格言，开头结尾突破常规等。,Do “Lucky Numbers” Really Bring Good Luck？,Some people say that some numbers will bring them good luck. Take “8” for example. The Chinese pronunciation of the
6、number “8” has almost the same sound as that of the Chinese character “发”, which means making a fortune. Therefore, many people spare no money to get their telephone number or car number to include this number “8”. They believe without any doubt that the number will bring them good luck.,However, I
7、dont believe that numbers have any connection with good luck. As to me, suck kind of idea is only a superstitious belief. How can you ever have any good luck simply because of some lucky numbers, even if you dont work hard, and dont have good opportunities? Perhaps it holds true for some cases, but
8、often it does not.,Our fortune is in our own hands. Everyone can have good fortune only if he tries his best. Lets always remember “opportunities are only for the prepared mind” and “No pains, no gains.”,写作策略,首段的写作策略 正文的写作策略 结尾的写作策略,首段的写作策略,故事法 谚语法 提问法 引用法 对立法,故事法,Last evening, i went to visit one o
9、f my friends and was a little surprised to find his ten-year-old daughter having an early dinner alone. Why didnt she have supper with her family? she is going to have class in the evening school,“ explained her father. The case is not rare. My friends daughter is just one of thousands of school chi
10、ldren around the city who are learning foreign languages in evening schools.,谚语法,As the saying goes， “ Haste makes waste.“ We are now living in an age of rapid pace and high efficiency. Everyone wants to get the quickest result within the shortest time. But if too much emphasis is laid upon speed, p
11、eople will ignore the quality of what they are doing and thsu yield unsatisfying results.,提问法,How do we think of the heavy burden a student has to carry from kidergarten through graduate school? How do we measure success in education? How does education affect not only labor skills but the quality l
12、ife? In seeking answers to such questions, there is much room-indeed neccessity-for consideration and robust debate.,引用法,Education is not complete with graduation. Such is the opinion of Mortimer. J. Alder, a great philosoper. Now more and more people share his opinion. No college or university can
13、educate its students by the time they graduate; and no one should be content to simply end his education with high school or college education. Education is a lifetime study.,对立法,When asked what kind of career they will pursue upon graduation， most of the college students say that they would choose
14、a job which will bring them a lot of money and a comfortable life. Working in a big bank or company is what they desire. But I think quite differently. I would prefer a career which will help realize my potential.,正文写作策略,主题句和扩展句 段落 列举法（listing） 举例法（example） 叙述法（narration） 对比、比较（contrast & comparison
15、） 分类（classification） 因果（cause & effect）,主题句通常放在段落开头。,April is the month that I like best. It is the month that stirs the sense. THe weather in April is neither too hot nor too cold. The trees are green again and there are flowers everywhere. The buds of March are in full blossom now and their fragra
16、nce fills the air. THe birds are back from the South and sing happily all day. Everyone feels a sense of renewal. People can take offf their heavy coats and put on their light jackets. Children, who have been kept indoors all winter, are playing outdoors now. is it any woder that April is my favorit
17、e month?,扩展句用来支持或说明主题。确立主题后，用说明、描写、论证和阐述支持主导思想。,Thomas Jefferson was a man of many talents. He practices crop rotation and soil conservation a century before these became standard practice, and he invented a plow superior to any other in existence. He influenced architecture throughout America with
18、his self-designed house. And above all he was the author of the Declaration of Independence.,列举法,常用于列举法的过渡连接词有： for one thing, for another, finally, besides, moreover, one another, still another, first, second, also, whats more, in addition, besides, plus等。,举例法,For example (instance), one example is
19、, a thing in point is ,叙述法,按照事物发生的时间和空间的排列顺序，通过对一些有特有过渡连接词的使用，有层次的表达主题句。 First，at the beginning, to start with, after that, later, then, afterwards, in the end, finally 等。,对比、比较,Asas, compared with, than,分类,Divide into, group into, classify into, categorize, sort, fall into, consist of, be composed
20、of, comprise, include, be of types/kinds. Class, kind, type, part, sort, category, group ，division，aspect，respect，species，variety，family,因果,原因：because，since，as，for，because of，in that，in view of， on account of，due to，owing to，thanks to，result from， seeing that，now that 结果： as a result，result in， the
21、result is，it follows that， so。that。，in consequence of， therefore， lead to,结尾段写作策略,重述或总结主题 得出结论 引用名人名言 使用反问句 提出展望或期望,重述或总结主题,Influence on Youth Adult The process of growing up is very complex for every person. Among countless factors which influence a persons growth, there are two conspicuous aspects
22、: the family and the friends. Families offer us warmth and care. Friends give us strength and horizon. They help us understand the world as it is. Both of them are the dearest parts in our life.,得出结论,In conclusion， a good teacher-student relationship can be mutual beneficial. The students gain knowl
23、edge eagerly and enjoyably, and the teacher gains satisfaction from his job.,引用名人名言,If you have anything to do, try to do it yourself, for that is the safest way to achieve permanent success. Remember the famous saying: “God helps those who help themselves.”,使用反问句,Therefore, listening skills must be
24、 consciously improved. Since it is such an important means of learning and communication, why shouldnt we develop this ability as far as possible?,提出展望或期望,I am sure that Chinese will become one of the most important languages in the world in the next century. As China will open further to the outsid
25、e world, the language is sure to be spread world widely.,写作原则,长短句原则 一二三原则 短语优先原则 多实少虚原则 句式多变原则 主题句原则 挑战极限原则,大学四六级写作最经典的替换词,individuals, characters, folks替换(people ,persons) Eg. a strange-looking individual in a green jacket,positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising(有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excel
26、lent, outstanding, superior替换good,dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替换bad；如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换 eg.An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation ,as
27、a result, they find their academic records are less impressive.,(an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most)替换many. 注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。 Eg. Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that. 同理 用most, if not all ,替换most.,a slice of, quiet a f
28、ew , several替换some Everyone wanted a slice of the profits.,harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that)替think(因为是书面语，所以要加that),affair ,business ,matter 替换thing He handles the mail and all that business.,reap huge fru
29、its 替换 get (reap) many benefits We can reap huge fruits through learning a foreign language not simply becausebut because,for my part , from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion,increasing(ly), growing 替换more and more ( 注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing.修饰形容词，副词用increasingly. Eg. sth has
30、gained growing popularity. Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth.,beneficial, rewarding 替换helpful English learning is difficult yet rewarding.,exceedingly, extremely, intensely (immensely, tremendously, horribly) 替换very Id like to say than you. Youve been exceedingly kind.,sth appe
31、als to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in The magazine is intended to appeal to working women in their 20s. Does the idea of working abroad exert a tremendous fascination on you?,give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换cause The song trigge
32、red many happy memories.,There are several reasons behind sth 替换reasons for sth,Desire Id like to do 替换want. Anna has a great desire to travel around the world with her family. They did not show the slightest desire to accompany us.,pour (no, little, much, undivided, all the, special, full) attentio
33、n into 替换pay attention to,bear in mind that 替换remember,enjoy, possess 替换have(注意process是过程的意思) These workers enjoy a high level of job security.,frown on sth be against , disapprove of 替换 disagree with sth Even though divorce is legal it is still frowned upon.,to name only a few, as an example 替换 for
34、 example, for instance Gina, David, and Benny, to name but a few, became famous when the princess wore their deigns.,next to / virtually impossible, 替换nearly / almost impossible,大学英语四六级考试写作多种表达方法,运用同义词语。 如：“他上星期生病了”可译为：,He got ill last week. He was ill last week. He fell ill last week. He became ill
35、 last week. He was in bad health last week.,运用同一词语的不同句式结构.,如：“他写那篇文章花了三个星期”可译为：,(1) It took him three weeks to write the article. (2) He took three weeks to write the article. (3) The article took him three weeks. (4) To write the article took him three weeks. (5) It took three weeks for him to writ
36、e the article. (6) Writing the article took him three weeks.,运用简单句与复合句的相互转换理论。,如： The man standing there is a policeman. The man who is standing there is a policeman. What we should do next is unknown. What to do next is unknown. We are thinking of how we can finish the work in time. We are thinking
37、 of how to finish the work in time.,综合运用同义词语与不同句式。,如：“他做完练习后，便出去了”可译为：,(1) After he had finished the exercises, he went out. (2) After he finished the exercises, he went out. (3) Having finished the exercises, he went out. (4) Finishing the exercises, he went out. (5) After finishing the exercises,
38、he went out. (6) The exercises being finished, he went out. (7) The exercises finished, he went out. (8) The exercises having been done, he went out.,四六级作文高分句型,1.由while引导的状语从句。 Different people have different views on opportunity. Some people think that there are few opportunities in the world, whil
39、e others argue that everybody will have some kind of opportunity along his life route. When it comes to traveling, some of people will choose to go on a self-tour while others want to go on a package tour.,2.Those who(those with)句型,Those who are in favor of the Internet claim that it has a lot of ad
40、vantages. Those who are opposed to the Internet hold that disadvantages are many. Those with confidence and courage are easily achieve success.,3. 倒装句,Only when all of us join in the efforts of eliminating cheating at all levels can we expect to have a cleaner society and a more beautiful future. On
41、ly if we get prepared can we seize the opportunities instead of letting them slip by, just as the saying goes, “Opportunities are only for the prepared minds”. Only by planning his time carefully can he improve efficiency and make achievements. Only in this way can we master the writing skills step
42、by step.,4.条件状语从句,He will make the right choice if he knows his goal in life and how to make decisions according to the goal. so long as we can make use of it properly, it can be most rewarding/beneficial for us in many aspects.,5.强调句,First of all, the main financial support comes from parents and o
43、ther family members. For all the years it is they who give the student courage and determination to hold on and excel. It is not the years in your life, but the life in your years that counts.,6.反问句,Now that we can draw the conclusion that daydreaming is most beneficial, why not make good use of it
44、to make life rich and rewarding?,7.结果状语从句,First and foremost, the overall planners have to come up with an overall development scheme so that all the later projects can be fitted into it under coherent consideration. Just think of Deng Xiaoping, who had three rises and three falls in life which fort
45、une teller is so magical that he can tell such complicated life experiences? Failure is such a common matter that every one of us may meet it from time to time.,8.让步状语从句,Although we cannot say that it brings no unfavorable consequences, we can be sure to conclude that this practice is favorable on t
46、he whole. To begin with, although you may feel anxious to finish the work when the deadline is drawing near, it doesnt mean you can finish your job with high quality. Whats more, many students lack self-control to such an extent that they chat for long hours even if they know it is harmful to both t
47、heir mental and physical health.,No matter how responsible the teachers are and how friendly the classmates are, you can only depend on yourself once you step into the examination room. For another, if a person is diligent and perseverant, he will realize his dream no matter how poor, humble or unlu
48、cky he may be.,9.Not(never)until,For one thing, we can never wish people to be good to us until we become thoughtful and considerate. We can never wish to realize our dream of a cleaner and more beautiful environment until all of us take actions to build, protect and take care of it. Other people vi
49、ew repeated failures as most natural on the way towards achievement they will keep on trying until they succeed in the end. Until quite recently most people hold a hostile attitude towards taking a rest at noon.,10.Although (it is true) that, it doesnt mean (follow) that,To begin with, although you may feel anxious to finish the work when the deadline is drawing near, it doesnt mean you can finish your job with high quality.,双重否定,You can never be too good to your mother. Last but by no mea