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1、新思维综合英语(3) 课程辅导unit 1（15）,巴州电大 冯晓梅 2011年,新思维综合英语第三册的设计特点和教学理念,1在注重听说技能训练的同时，加强读写技能的训练。 2全书共12个学习单元，2个复习单元。每个学习单元包括5课学习内容：三个语言输入（理解性）训练课，即阅读课、对话课、语言功能和语法结构分项训练课；两个语言输出（产出或运用性）训练课，即Your Turn 和 On Your Own，前者是口头输出即口语训练，后者是书面输出即写作训练。 3理解和运用并重。阅读训练、听力训练与口头交际和写作练习紧密结合。,Lesson 1 Arctic Adventures,课文背景、主题和结
2、构 This is a story about Susan Butcher, a very brave adventurer, and her adventures in the Arctic land with her sled dogs. Together they managed to win the Iditarod Sled Dog Race four times. And of course, they have experienced some life threatening moments.,课文着重描述了Susan Butcher和她的雪橇狗儿们在Iditarod比赛中的两
3、次历险经历。 首尾两个自然段遥相呼应，突出Susan Butcher不畏艰难困苦不屈不挠赢得四次比赛的拼搏精神 课文可分四段： 第一自然段为第一段，点出Susan Butcher 四次赢得Iditarod雪橇比赛，并多次战胜死亡的威胁。 第二八自然段为第二段，介绍了Susan 和她的雪橇狗跟一头母驼鹿拼死搏斗的危险经历。 第九十一自然段为第三段，介绍了Susan 和她的雪橇狗从刺骨的寒冰中摆脱困境获得重生的另外一次危险经历。第十二（最后一个）自然段为第四段，重申了Susan Butcher和她的雪橇狗儿们克服重重困难、摆脱生命危险赢得了四次Iditarod雪橇比赛的感人经历。,Focus Qu
4、estions 1. Why did Butcher stop her sled team in one black night during the race? 2. How long has Susan been working with her team? 3. What weapon did Susan look for first when the moose began to injure the dogs? 4. What kind of complex feeling did Susan have while she was fighting the moose? 5. How
5、 many of Susans dogs were injured altogether? 6. How many times have Susan won the Iditarod Sled Dog Race?,Language points in the text 文章第一自然段，即第一段，点出了Susan Butcher 四次赢得Iditarod雪橇比赛，并多次战胜死亡的威胁。 Not only have Susan Butcher and her sled dogs won the Iditarod Sled Dog Race on four occasions, but theyve
6、 also beaten death. 前半句是倒装语序。 Not only but also 不仅而且 On four occasions = four times, 四次。Beat, 打击，击败。beaten death = fought against and defeated death.第二自然段开始叙述Susan 和她的雪橇狗跟一头母驼鹿拼死搏斗的危险经,Susan Butcher called her sled team to a quick halt in the black of night about 150 miles out of Anchorage. Call to
7、a halt, stop. 停止，停下，(让)停下来。When they had almost reached the robbers camp, the officer called the police patrol to a halt. In the black of night = in the middle of the night.,A cow moose stood blocking the trail ahead. cow moose 即 female moose. 此处，cow 是性别标记。 类似的用法还有 bull 这个词。例如：bull moose, 雄驼鹿；bull e
8、lephant, 雄象；cow elephant, 雌象。Blocking the trail ahead, 现在分词短语，做谓语动词stand (stood) 的伴随状语。 第三自然段是Susan 的心理活动: “This has happened before,” Butcher thought, optimistically. “Well deal with it.” 表现出一股乐观应对一切的勇敢精神,第四自然段简单介绍这次 Iditarod Sled Dog Race.中，Susan 和她的狗儿们前半段的优秀成绩. Butcher had already set a new time
9、record for the first leg of the trip, and her chances of winning had never been better. 在第一段赛程上 Butcher 已经创下了一个新的时间记录，她几乎是稳操胜券了。 Set a record, 创造记录。 the first leg of the trip, 第一段路程。 Butcher would give this one all of the time she needed to move. 看来Butcher 要把赶路的时间花在对付这头驼鹿的身上了。情态动词would 在句子中表示作者的猜测推断
10、。,第五自然段描述了Susan 跟驼鹿的第一次交锋。The moose turned and charged straight into the dog team. 驼鹿转身向着狗队扑了上来。 Charge, 收费，要价；袭击，出击。攻击。When the soldiers charged, the enemy troops turned and ran. Reach for, 伸手拿、伸手够或取（某物）。 He reached out his hand for the knife, but it was too far away.,Without hesitation, she grabbe
11、d the ax, and in her words, “went after the moose.” 这句话相当于:Without stopping to think if it would be dangerous, she picked up the ax and rushed to attack the moose. 她毫不犹豫地一把抓起斧头，用她的话来说，“冲向驼鹿”。,Incredibly, she succeeded in driving the animal out of her team, but not before some of her dogs had been se
12、verely injured. 这句话相当于By the time she managed to chase the moose away from her dogs, it had seriously injured some of them. This is unbelievable. 她竟然把驼鹿从狗队里赶了出来，但是几只狗已经严重受伤.,第六自然段描述了Butcher 在和驼鹿搏斗时的复杂心情（愤怒与同情）。 Instead of leaving, however, the moose charged back into the team. 这句话相当于 The moose didnt
13、 go away, but attacked the dogs again. Instead of 不是而是On Monday morning, instead of going to work as usual, he went for a walk in the park. 周一早上，他没有去上班，而是去公园散步了。 Butcher approached the moose, swinging her ax. Butcher 再次挥舞着斧头，逼向驼鹿。Approach, 走近、靠近；逼近。,This was not simply a valuable team and her best c
14、hance of a win, these dogs were her closest friends, her best chance of a win, 她获胜的最佳希望。Win 即可以做动词也可以做名词。 In sympathy with 同情；赞同。 On that point, Im in sympathy with Mr. Johnson. Shes so skinny. She must be starving to death. 它竟然如此骨瘦如柴，一定快饿死了。 Skinny, 皮包骨的，瘦削的。 Must 在这里表示推测。例如：He must have finished h
15、is homework, otherwise he wouldnt be playing outside now. 他一定是完成家庭作业了，否则现在就不会再外面玩耍。,Very likely it was starvation that made this moose behave as she did. 相当于The moose probably did what she did because she was desperate for food. 很可能是由于饥饿，它才这么饥不择食的。 She may have perceived the dog team to be a pack of
16、 wolves. 即 She (the moose) may have thought that the dogs were a group of wolves. 它很可能把这只狗队当作一群野狼。,a pack of, 一群。英语中表示“一群”不同的动物，往往用不同的词语， 如：a flock of sheep or birds, 一群羊或鸟 a herd of cows or goats, 一群牛或山羊 a swarm of bees or wasp or flies, 一群蜜蜂、黄蜂或苍蝇。,Her instincts may have told her that she was too
17、weak to escape by running. 也许它的本能告诉它，自己太虚弱，一定无法逃脱。 情态动词may + have done sth. 表示对过去事情可能性的猜测。 Drive off, 驱赶，赶跑。It was so difficult to drive off the dog when I was at the gate. 第七和第八自然段描述了在紧要关头，参加比赛的其他队友出现了，并射杀了驼鹿。遗憾的是，Butcher的雪橇狗有两只死亡，十三只受到了伤害。,She yelled long before her fellow musher got close enough
18、to be in danger. long before,在之前很久。 它与 before long （soon, 不久，很快）是有区别的。 In danger, 处于危险境地。 My friends were round me. I was in no danger. It was too late to save Butchers team for this race. 这句话相当于The other musher came too late to save Butchers team. So there wasnt time for her team to recover and fin
19、ish the race.,第九十一自然段描述了 Butcher 在刺骨的寒冰中逃生的另一次危险经历。 Butcher risked her life when she decided to mush across 40 miles of sea ice. Risk ones life to do sth. 冒着生命危险去做某事。 Risk doing sth.冒险做某事。 Across, 横穿，穿过（指从表面上）。区别：through, 通过，穿过（指从内部）。 分句 that she had been told to avoid 做前面 the cliffs 的定语从句。 Roller-c
20、oaster, 过山车。Roller-coaster sensation, 象过山车那样的惊险刺激的感觉。,The ice billowed upward, then fell apart as it dropped back down dumping dogs, sled, and Butcher into 30 feet of water so cold it can be survived for only minutes. 意思是The ice moved upwards like a big wave, and then broke in pieces as it came down
21、 again. This threw Butcher together with her dogs and equipment into water 30 feet deep. The water was so cold that you（will）die if you stay in it for more than a very few minutes.,后半部分so cold it can be survived for only minutes相当于形容词，做30 feet of water 的后置定语。其中用了 can 而不是 could，表示作者强调说明的是这样的一个事实，重心不在
22、于这件事是否发生在过去.,Unwilling to do sth.不情愿做某事。 With ease, 轻松地，轻松自如地。Water-resistant, 防水的。 Soaked to the skin, completely wet, 湿透了。当用衣服等做句子主语时，也可以用 soaked through 或 soaking wet 等用法。 如：Her clothes were soaking wet / soaked through. Hypothermia, 体温过低。 She handled with it with her typical optimistic attitude,
23、 running behind the sled to get warm . 她用她那一贯的乐观态度泰然处之，在雪橇后面跑来跑去来取暖,最后一自然段重申了Susan Butcher和她的雪橇狗儿们克服重重困难、摆脱生命危险赢得了四次Iditarod雪橇比赛的感人经历，她是一位真正的冒险家。 Overcome, 克服，攻克。 Life-threatening situations, 威胁生命的情景。 She thoroughly enjoys winning against incredible odds. 即She really likes winning when there seems a
24、lmost no chance of winning. Odds, 可能性、命运。 例如：The odds are ten to one that her horse will win the race. 她的马获胜的可能性是十分之一。,整篇课文读起来一气呵成，扣人心弦。作者通过营造紧张的气氛把读者的兴奋点始终集中在Butcher 和她的雪橇狗儿们两次顽强拼搏的危险经历上。 而这样的紧张气氛是靠什么来营造的呢？靠作者匠心独到的谴词造句。 例如， 极具渲染气氛的词语的运用（动词、形容词、副词）： turn, charge, grab, approach, swing, billow, fall
25、apart, drop, dump; eager, best, dangerous, valuable, skinny, optimistic, typical, terrible, life-threatening; optimistically, highly, straight; incredibly, severely, oddly, suddenly, instinctively, thoroughly, etc.,在阅读欣赏这类记叙文的时候，一定要培养以下两点。一、抓住文章结构，根据结构搞清文章的主要内容；二、体会文章谴词造句的特点，通过语言特色理解文章的情感色彩。,Answers
26、 to the Focus Questions,1. Why did Butcher stop her sled team in one black night during the race? She saw a female moose standing in her way ahead. 2. How long has Susan been working with her team? Shes been working with them for seven years. 3. What kind of complex feeling did Susan have while she
27、was fighting the moose? A. desperate B. sympathetic C. angry D. friendly 4. How many of Susans dogs were injured altogether? Two dead, and thirteen injured. 5. How many times have Susan won the Iditarod Sled Dog Race? Four.,Lesson 2 You made it!,Meg Harmer decided to enter the “Run for Your Life” ma
28、rathon even though shed only been running for two weeks when she signed up. She was the last runner to finish the race and was interviewed by a TV reporter.,Focus Questions,1How long had Meg been practicing running before she signed up for the race. 2What happened to Meg when she was at about 3 mile
29、s? 3Why did Meg enter the race? How did Meg feel when she finished the race?,Language points in the dialogue,学习本课，需要注意现在完成时、一般过去时、过去完成时、过去完成进行时之间的区别。 You made it! 相当于 You finished! 或 You did it! 常常用在别人成功地完成了某事之后表示祝贺或赞赏。 To make it, 成功地完成了某事。 To make it to somewhere, 表示到达某地。 如： If you can make it to
30、Guangzhou someday, dont forget to give me a call. Its not everyone who comes in last. 比较幽默的话。相当于 Im special because no one else finished the race last. Im the only one.,You look pretty tired. Pretty, 第一册已经学习过，不是“漂亮，美丽”的意思，而是用来表示程度或数量，“很、相当、非常”。 如：Pretty soon, youll be able to speak fluent English. I
31、t was too soon to enter a race. 复习too to 由于只练习了两个星期，所以说练习的时间太短，不应该参加比赛。 You certainly showed them! 跟前文结合起来，这句话实际上相当于 You certainly showed them that they were wrong.,Drop out, 掉队，辍学，放弃。 Mary has dropped out of school for two months. That was a killer. 夸张的说法，与汉语中的“真要命”异曲同工。 I guess I should say 即 Its
32、probably appropriate for me to say 也许我该说 这样说的时候往往带有说话人的心理活动，可能将要说的话有些勉强或者起弱化作用。 Congratulations for hanging in there. 这里，hanging in there表示 Meg努力坚持到长跑比赛最后的毅力和恒心。,Answers to the Focus Questions,1. How long had Meg been practicing running before she signed up for the race? Two weeks 2. What happened t
33、o Meg when she was at about 3 miles? She got a pain in her side. 3. Why did Meg enter the race? She wanted to see if she could make it through such a race. 4. How did Meg feel when she finished the race? She was very excited that she made it.,Lesson 5 On your own,Write a story for a newspaper column
34、 called “Slice of Life”, a story about someone on the train you know well. 写作基本步骤 进行写作训练，是一个需要花费漫长的工夫认真锻炼才能完成的任务，决非一蹴而就可以妙笔生花的。在本课中，介绍一些写作基本步骤。,一、确定主题。,做事情不能没有目的，写文章不能没有主题。一篇文章作者要告诉读者什么，反映什么思想，提出什么主张，要心中有数，否则文章会杂乱无章。 例如，本课的第一个写作题目，要求 Write a story about someone you know well. 这样，你就需要抓住你要写的这个人的最重要的特点
35、，他有什么特长？有什么特别的故事？最近发生了什么事情？他的性格怎么样？是可恨、可爱、值得尊敬、应该遭受唾弃？等等。 关于这个人，你可能知道很多事情，但是在短短的作文中，自然不可能面面俱到，这样就需要首先确定你要表达的主题：介绍他勤劳勇敢、吃苦耐劳的一面，还是好逸恶劳、好吃懒做的一面？,二、选取素材。,主题确定之后，就要围绕主题选取相关的素材。材料越丰富，文章就会越生动，才会言之有物. 写文章所选的材料要有代表性，且必须具有说服力，这样读者才会信服。同时材料还应充实。 比如，本课里的第二个写作题目，要求根据图画进行写作。 这样，在读懂了图画中所给的信息后，就需要根据自己确定的主题以及图画所示，选
36、择具有充分说服力和感染力的素材，为你的主题服务。,三、制定提纲,写好提纲是一篇文章成败与否的关键。确定了文章要表达的主题并大致选择好可能要用到的素材之后，重要的任务就是制定写作提纲了. 材料如何组织，用什么方式与读者交流才能达到最佳效果，如何充分表达主题等都需要认真考虑。然后将所有这些加以条理化，作为写作时的依据和参考，这就是提纲。 写提纲要主题突出，层次清楚，这样写出的文章段落才能衔接紧凑，过渡自然，浑然一体，读者才会感到文章的美和强有力的说服力。,四、打草稿。,有了提纲，就可以着手写作了。一般讲，文章有三个基本组成部分：开头、主体和结尾。 开头一般用于向读者交代文章的中心思想和主题，即破题
37、。主体即正文，是主题的展开与深化。结尾则是对主题的概括与总结等。 五、反复修改。 一稿完后，不要忙于抄写，要多思考多修改几遍。检查时，要看看选词是否恰当，句子是否得体，也要注意是否有拼写、语法、标点等错误。好的文章都是多次修改的结果。,Wrap-up tips 主要语言功能：,How to talk about a decision 如何谈论做决定 How to tell a story or talk about a past experience 如何讲述故事或谈论过去的经历 How to emphasize sth. 如何强调某事 How to give a reaction to st
38、h 如何对某事做出反应 Learn to write some short stories 学习故事写作,短语或词组,not only, but also 不仅而且 to deal with 应付，应对；处理 to be eager to do sth 迫切希望做某事 to set a record 创记录 to succeed in doing sth 成功地做某事 instead of 代替，而不是 to be in sympathy with 同情 to perceive to be 以为是，看做 to drive off 驱赶，赶走 in danger 处于危险中,to fall apart 破碎，破裂 to be soaked to the skin 浑身湿透了 to handle with 处理，应对 too soon to do sth 做某事太仓促 to drop out 退出；辍学 to make it 到达；赶上；成功 进入http:/ 新思维综合英语3的网络课程,