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1、NAVIGATION WRITING 导航式作文法,5.23,5.51,各科均分（中国大陆A类考生）,5.53,5.80,5.39,5.47,writing,reading,speaking,listening,中国考生的雅思考试成绩,Requirements：,These are the basic requirements made by Mark.,不要翘课,关注考情,狂背单词,每天练习,雅思写作T2总论,分类精讲T2四类,T1分类精讲,T1分类精讲与总体考试预测,5,6,1,2,3,4,Marks writing plan,课程规划,Introduction,IELTS WRITING
2、,Task 2 1、275300 Ws 2、先写 3、6-8段论 4、40分钟 5、分别提升4个评分标准的得分 6、背诵个人的各专题魔版,Task 2 超7评分标准 1、TR：立场、论点、论据 2、CC：连接、句间、段间 3、LR：小词、大词、短语 4、GRA：句型、搭配、被动 （7分是对传统写作的摒弃，对评分点滴的细化，you can！）,Task 2 主流分类 argument 单一 single statement 对立 opposite statement report 问题原因与解决 PRS 问题原因与影响 PRE,真题 Successful sportsman can earn a
3、 great deal of money than people in other fields. Some people think this is fully justified while others think it is unfair. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.,写作流程,首段写作,With the growth of the economy.,可以不转述题目观点,Personally I am convinced that. （7分捷径）,First P,背景原因,题目观点,个人倾向,背景原因 （鼓励自
4、编） As a result of constant media attention, sports professionals in my country have become stars and celebrities, and those at the top are paid huge salaries. Just like movie stars, they live extravagant lifestyles with huge houses and cars.,个人倾向 （明确！鼓励背诵） Overall (Upon the whole, By and large, On t
5、he whole, As a whole, In the mass, In general), I firmly harbor the perspective that they well deserve the top salaries.(观点）In the following essay, viewpoints supporting both sides, those for and those against, are talked over respectively in order to further assert my position.,中间段写作 高分模式：连接词+分论点+论
6、证,Initially,分论点1 论证2、3句,Moreover,Ultimately,分论点2 论证2、3句,分论点3 论证2、3句,真题： In some countries young people are encouraged to work or travel for a year between finishing high school and starting university studies. Do you agree or disagree?,连接词,正统用法（可换） Initially Moreover Furthermore Besides Ultimately,十
7、大论点,文思泉涌！,中间段写作 高分模式：连接词+分论点+论证,Initially,分论点1 论证2、3句,Moreover,Ultimately,分论点2 论证2、3句,分论点3 论证2、3句,论点,教育论 文化论 环境和能源论 经济与就业论 时间与效率论 权利论 健康论 空间与安全论 心理健康论,论点套句设计,1. 。has educational/cultural/economic/moral/psychological/physical meaning (meaning 可换为 importance significance benefits),论点套句设计,2. 。is of edu
8、cational/cultural/economic/moral/psychological/physical meaning (meaning 可换为 importance significance benefits),论点套句设计,3. 。is educationally/culturally/economically/morally/psychologically/physically Beneficial. (beneficial 可换为 profitable meaningful significant necessary substantial ),论点套句设计,4. 。gives
9、 a great push/boost/momentum to efficiency (efficiency 可换为 economy 等),经济与就业,必备词汇： economic growth, employment rate E.g. “是否要戒烟” Pros: promote the economic development enhance the tax income of a country provide the opportunities of employment,时间与效率,必备词汇：time，efficiency 如“是否限制飞机飞行” Pros: 节省时间，提高效率（ti
10、me-saving, enhance the efficiency）,空间与安全,必备词汇：space，safety，security 如“是否在社区里建工厂” Cons: 占据空间，社区变得拥堵（occupy the space, overcrowded） 安全隐患（potential safety hazard）,心理与健康,必备词汇：psychology，health，pressure，stress， tension， depression，insomnia 如“是否要戒烟” Cons: 产生心理依赖（psychologically dependent on smoking） 如“旧楼是
11、否被现代化楼房代替” Cons: 居民对旧楼有感情（be attached to the historical buildings）,生理,必备词汇：physical，health 如“是否要戒烟” Cons: be detrimental to health, lead to lung cancer 如“手机的优缺点” Cons: have a potential to brain cancer,教育,必备词汇：education，edification，teaching，schooling 如“旧楼是否被现代化楼房代替” Cons: 一些旧楼是教育的绝好教材（a text book of
12、teaching）,文化,必备词汇：culture，cultural 如“全球化的优缺点” Pros: 促进文化的交流和传播（the cultural communication） Cons: 导致文化个性的消失（the extinct of cultural identity） 产生文化的矛盾和冲突（cultural conflict）,能源与环境,必备词汇：energy，fuel，environment，surroundings 如“是否限制使用汽车” Cons: 空气、噪音污染（air pollution and noise contamination） 能源危机（energy cris
13、is）,道德,必备词汇：moral，morality，humane，conscience 如“是否拿动物做实验” animal testing 或者“活体解剖 vivisection” Cons: 不人道，太残忍（inhumane, cruel）,权利,必备词汇：right，deprive sb. of sth， endow sb. with sth，enjoy 如“是否拿动物做实验” Cons: 剥夺动物生存的权利（deprive animals of right of living） “是否同意news censorship” Cons：deprive people of right to
14、 know,真题 brainstorming,35,Tourism is believed to be a good way of improving a governments tax income. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of exploring this resource.,36,Possible ideas: Pros： 经济与就业（对国家和地区政府），心理（对旅游者），生理（对旅游者），文化，教育 Cons: 空间与安全（对个人），文化，环境,十大论证,大师型格,中间段写作 高分模式：连接词+分论点+论证,Initially
15、,分论点1 论证2、3句,Moreover,Ultimately,分论点2 论证2、3句,分论点3 论证2、3句,举例 解释 因果 分类 比较对比 让步转折 机构数据 反面论证 历史人物 名人名言 (详情参见讲义）,举例： 1.I can think of no better illustration of this idea than the fact that in China. . 2.A vivid case in point is that. 3has great educational benefits, these ranging from knowledge to skill,
16、解释： 1.Watching TV has great educational benefits, (by which I mean that children could be edified when they choose the programs with quality.) 2.Watching TV has great educational benefits. To simplify/To put in another way/That is to say, children could be edified when they choose the programs with
17、quality.,历史人物 Napolon Bonaparte , Oscar Wilde, Albert Einstein, Helen Keller Confucius，Mencius 扯淡！,机构数据 Sports players top salaries will also create psychological imbalance among the general public, which is firmly testified by a survey condcuted by PKU that 62.33% of the interviewees .,反面论证 Without
18、 you, life would be nothing but void.,让步论证 Government paying the tuition fees for students in disadvantaged status may offer them much better career prospect. However it must be mentioned that due to the limited budget, only a small part of student will be granted the privilege.,因果 原因(学术词) 句子，not pa
19、rtly because.，but principally because. . 结果(因果链) Carbon dioxide from cars inevitably contributes to global warming, which will further give rise to the rise of sea level, causing the disappearance of some low-lying countries.,分论点一： （教育原则，两句论证。完美！） Initially, work or travel for a year, definitely, ha
20、s educational meaning to the young adults, not partly because this is a way for them to expand their horizon, but principally because a break in their study just takes them to the meditation of what life is. A case in point is that in China, ,分论点二： （健康原则，两句论证。完美！） Moreover, travel itself is of great
21、 physical benefit, by which I mean it is a way of fitness training, which is firmly testified by Bacon who harboured the perspective that sprots serves for wellbeing.,分论点三： （心理原则，两句论证。完美！） Ultimately, it is universally acknowledged that individuals psychological tension or pressure can safely be pun
22、ctured by even a short excursion, which is shown by survey conducted by PKU that 76.4% of the people choose to travel when they feel depressed.,总结：中间段写作 高分模式：连接词+分论点+论证,Initially,分论点1 论证2、3句,Moreover,Ultimately,分论点2 论证2、3句,分论点3 论证2、3句,末段写作,范例 In brief ( In a word, All in all, In conclusion, In short
23、, In summary, In recapitulation, To sum up, To conclude, To recapitulate, ) , without suggesting that all work or travel for a year is necessarily good， it is my perspective that we should accept it as positive and it is high time that we took proper and prompt actions to advocate it.,今日作业,给以下三句分论点各
24、两句论证： To begin with, it is manifest that doing sports is of physical benefit, . （名言，个人例子） Then, sporting serves as a way of pressue-releasing,. （原因，解释） Next, sensible excercise may well stimulate fitness industry,.（机构数据）,Task 1 评分标准 1、TA：要点描述（最）、比较/联系 2、CC：连接、句间、灵活 3、LR：大词、小词、词性替换 4、GR：间接、搭配、被动、客观 GA：找死句、双谓语、无厘头,小作文分类 1、饼状图 2、柱状图 3、表格 4、直线图、曲线图 5、地图 6、流程图 7、示意图,