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1、Unit 4,He said I was hard-working.,Section A,直接引语与间接引语 引述某人的话一般采用两种形式：一种是直接引语（direct speech), 即原封不动地引用原话，把原话放在引号内；一种是间接引语（indirect speech)，即用自己的话加以转述，被转述的内容不放在引号内。,Lets Learn!,I am smart.,he was smart.,He said,I can fly.,it could fly.,It said,“I am playing football.”,He said,he was playing football.
2、,He said,the earth moves around the sun.,The earth moves around the sun.,“I finished my homework.”,He said,he had finished his homework.,I will go shopping tomorrow.,she would go shopping the next day.,She said,whether/if we like singing.,“Do you like singing?”,He asked,间接引用别人的话时在人称、时态、指示代词等要做相应变化。,
3、Attention,直接引语间接引语：人称变化,直接引语中的第一人称，一般转换为第三人称。 He said, “I am very sorry.” He said that he was very sorry. 直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对转述人说的，转换为第一人称。 “You should be more careful next time,” my father told me. My father told me that I should be more careful the next time.,直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对第三人称说的，转换成第三人称。如： She
4、 said to her son, “Ill check your homework tonight.” She said to her son that she would check his homework that night. 人称的转换包括人称代词、物主代词和名词性物主代词等，如： He asked me, “Will you go to the station with me?” He asked me whether I would go to the station with him.,人称的变化要符合逻辑！,（1） 一般现在时变为一般过去时 （2） 现在进行时变为过去进行时
5、 （3） 一般将来时变为过去将来时 （4） 现在完成时变为过去完成时 （5） 一般过去时变为过去完成时 （6） 过去完成时不变，仍为过去完成时,直接引语间接引语：时态的变化,时态不变化： 直接引语是客观真理 “The moon moves around the earth”, the teacher told me. The teacher told me the moon moves around the earth. 直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变 Jack said, “John, where were you going when I met you in the street?” J
6、ack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street.,直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。 Xiao Wang said, “I was born on April 2l, 1980.” Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980. 直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。 He said, “I get up at six every morning.” He said he gets up at
7、 six every morning.,如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式(例：ought to， had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时 (例：could, should, would, might) ，时态不再变。 Peter said, “You had better come have today.” Peter said I had better go there that day.,直接引语间接引语：句式变化,直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。 She said, “Our bus will arrive in five m
8、inutes.” She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.,直接引语如果是反意疑问句、选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句. He said, “Can you swim, John?” He asked John if he could swim. “You have finished the homework, havent you?” my mother asked. My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework. “Do
9、 you go to school by bus or by bike?” He asked me. He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.,直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。 She asked me, “When do they have their dinner?” She asked me when they had their dinner.,直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为“tell (ask, order, beg等) sb. (not) to
10、do sth.”句型。如： “Dont make any noise,” she said to the children. She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. “Bring me a cup of tea, please,” said she. She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.,直接引语如果是以Lets开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动句词(或从句) ” 。 He said, “Lets go to the film.” He suggested
11、going to the film. He suggested that they should go to see the film.,直接引语间接引语：时间变化,now 现在 then 那时 today 今天 that day 那天 this week (month, etc.) that week (month, etc.) 本星期（月等） 那个星期（月等） Yesterday 昨天 the day before 前一天 the day before 前一天 two days before 前两天,last week (year, etc.) the day before the day
12、 before 上星期（去年） 前一周（年等） three days (a year, et.) ago three days (a year etc.) before 三天（一年等）以前 前三天（一年等） tomorrow 明天 the next (following) day 次日 the day after tomorrow two days later (in two days time) 后天 过两天 next week (yea, etc.) the next (following) week (year, etc.) 下星期（明年等） 下一周（第二年等）,直接引语间接引语：时间变
13、化,直接引语,间接引语,指示代词,this 这,that 那,these 这些,those 那些,地点状语,here 这里,there 那里,动词,come 来,go 去,Its your turn now!,1. “I never eat meat,” he said. He said that _ never _ meat. 2. “Ive found my wallet,” he said to me. He _ me that he _ _ _ wallet. 3. “I took it home with me,” she said. She said that _ _ _ it h
14、ome with her.,he,ate,told,had,found,his,she,had,taken,4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.” The teacher said that the sun _ in the east and _ down in the west. 5. “I met her yesterday,” he said to me. He _ me that he _ met her the day _. 6. “You must come here b
15、efore five,” he said. He said that I _ to go _ before five.,rises,goes,told,had,before,had,there,7. “I bought the house 10 years ago,” he said. He said that he _ bought the house 10 years _. 8. “Did you see her last week?” he said. He _ _ I had seen her the week _. 9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim
16、.” He _ Jim that he _ sit there,had,before,asked,whether/if,before,told,could,10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?” He asked her mother _ _ _ found it. 11. “Where have you been these days?” he asked. He asked me _ _ _been _ days. 12. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked. He asked _ _ knew where she _.,how,she,had,where,I,had,those,if/whether,I,lived,