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1、 - 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, Florida 33126 - - - Supersedes ANSI Z49.1:1999 Prepared by Accredited Standards Committee Z49, Safety in Welding and Cutting Secretariat American Welding Society - This standard covers all aspects of safety and health in the welding environment, emphasizing oxygen ga
2、s and arc welding processes with some coverage given to resistance welding. It contains information on protection of personnel and the general area, ventilation, fire prevention and protection, and confined spaces. A significant section is devoted to precautionary information, showing examples, and
3、an extensive bibliography is included. -Welding safety and health, cutting, welding fumes, hazard communication, fire prevention, respirators, electric shock, eye protection, noise Approval of an American National Standard requires review by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus, and
4、 other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple major
5、ity, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has app
6、roved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstances give an interpreta- tion of any American National Stan
7、dard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title page of thi
8、s standard. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards may rec
9、eive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. International Standard Book Number: 0-87171-023-4 American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126 2005 by American Welding Society. All rights reserved Printed in the United St
10、ates of America Photocopy Rights Authorization to photocopy items for internal, personal, or educational classroom use only, or the internal, personal, or educational classroom use only of specific clients, is granted by the American Welding Society (AWS) provided that the appropriate fee is paid to
11、 the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: 978-750- 8400; online: http:/ iii - (The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of final committee action on the document.) American National Standard Committee Z49 A. F. Manz, Chair S. P. Hedrick, Secretary A
12、LLIANCE OF AMERICAN INSURERS M. D. Ramsey AMERICAN FOUNDRY SOCIETY F. H. Kohloff G. E. Mosher (Alternate) AMERICAN OCCUPATIONAL MEDICAL ASSOCIATION R. Blanchar, MD AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION E. Landau AMERICAN SOCIETY OF SAFETY ENGINEERS E. R. Ziegler T. J. Martin (Alternate) AMERICAN WELDIN
13、G SOCIETY S. R. Fiore S. P. Hedrick (Alternate) CANADIAN STANDARDS ASSOCIATION J. J. Palach CANADIAN WELDING BUREAU J. MacRae COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION A. F. Manz R. A. Smith (Alternate) INTERNATIONAL SAFETY EQUIPMENT ASSOCIATION, INCORPORATED J. C. Bradley MECHANICAL CONTRACTORS ASSOCIATION OF AME
14、RICA, INCORPORATED P. Chaney W. Sperko NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION, INCORPORATED F. Stupczy G. Winchester (Alternate) NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION A. B. Spencer T. C. Lemoff (Alternate) iv iv SHEET METAL WORKERS INTERNATIONAL G. Batykefer U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE T.
15、 Pazell R. G. Cox (Alternate) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY S. C. Graham U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR R. B. Bell (Nonvoting) T. P. Smith (Nonvoting) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY J. E. Hernandez J. Bishop (Alternate) U.S. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE (NIOSH) A. Zimmer v v (This Foreword is not a part of ANSI Z49.1
16、:2005, Safety in Welding, Cutting, and Allied Processes, but is included for informational purposes only.) The huge demands for production placed on the United States by World War II brought a tremendous expansion to the use of welding. In mid 1943, it was recognized that some type of code or standa
17、rd was needed relating to safe practices for performing welding. Under the auspices of the American Standards Association, the standard was drafted and published in 1944. It was entitled American War Standard Z49.1, Safety in Electric and Gas Welding, and Cutting Operations. Following the war, the s
18、tandard was first revised in 1950. Subsequent revisions occurred in 1958, 1967, 1973, and 1983. Each updated the standard in accordance with changing technology and welding practices. The revisions up to and including 1973 were largely evolutionary and closely preserved the format of the original wa
19、r standard. In 1983, a major rewrite was undertaken to take proper account of the vast changes in welding which had occurred in the 40 years of the standards existence and to clarify the somewhat patchwork presentation that had built up during the evolutionary revisions. The scope was redefined to a
20、ddress in greater detail the safety rules to be practiced by the welder and enforced by welding supervision and management. Provisions which had appeared in earlier editions, but which dealt more with building construction and piping installation over which the welder had little control, were delete
21、d. The 1988, 1994, 1999, and 2005 revisions follow this same philosophy. During the period of its publication, the American Standards Association has become the American National Stan- dards Institute and War Standard ASA Z49.1-1944 has now become ANSI Z49.1:2005. SUGGESTIONS Comments and suggestion
22、s for the improvement of this standard are welcome. They should be sent to the Secretary, Z49 Committee, American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126. REQUESTS FOR STANDARD INTERPRETATION Official interpretations of any of the technical requirements of this standard may be obtain
23、ed by sending a request, in writing, to: Managing Director, Technical Services American Welding Society 550 N.W. LeJeune Road Miami, FL 33126 Requests not in writing cannot be considered for an official interpretation (see Annex E). This page is intentionally blank. vi vii - Personnel iii Foreword .
24、 v List of Tables .x List of Figures x Part IGeneral Aspects.1 1. Purpose and Scope 1 1.1Purpose 1 1.2Scope and Applicability.1 1.3Exclusions2 2. Definitions.2 2.1Approved.2 2.2Confined Space2 2.3Cylinder Storage2 2.4Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH)3 2.5Other Definitions.3 2.6Qualified
25、 Person3 2.7Shall.3 2.8Should3 2.9Unit3 2.10 Welder3 3. General Provisions, Management, and Supervision3 3.1Setup and Installation 3 3.2Responsibilities3 4. Protection of Personnel and the General Area5 4.1Protection of the General Area5 4.2Eye and Face Protection6 4.3Protective Clothing9 4.4Noise C
26、ontrol.10 4.5Respiratory Protective Equipment.10 4.6Training10 5. Ventilation.10 5.1General.10 5.2Breathing Zone Sampling11 5.3Avoid the Fume.11 5.4Types of Ventilation12 5.5Special Ventilation Concerns 12 6. Fire Prevention and Protection14 6.1Areas Containing Combustibles14 6.2Fire Protection .15
27、6.3Hot-Work Authorization16 6.4Welding or Cutting Containers16 viii 7. Confined Spaces16 7.1Ventilation in Confined Spaces.16 7.2Location of Service Equipment.17 7.3Adjacent Areas.18 7.4Emergency Signal18 7.5Attendants in Areas Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH).18 7.6Brazing Furnaces.18
28、 8. Public Exhibitions and Demonstrations19 8.1Application 19 8.2Supervision19 8.3Site.19 8.4Fire Protection .19 8.5Protection of the Public .19 8.6Cylinders20 8.7Process Hoses, Cables, and Conduits20 9. Precautionary Information.20 9.1General.20 9.2Precautionary Information for Arc Welding and Rela
29、ted Processes and Equipment21 9.3Precautionary Information for Oxyfuel Gas Processes and Equipment21 9.4Hazardous Materials Information22 9.5Brazing Filler Metals Containing Cadmium .22 9.6Brazing and Gas Welding Fluxes Containing Fluorides .22 9.7Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) 22 9.8Graphic Sy
30、mbols .22 9.9Hazard Communications .22 Part IISpecific Processes23 10. Oxyfuel Gas Welding and Cutting Safety.23 10.1 Scope24 10.2 Terminology 24 10.3 Oxygen and Combustibles.24 10.4 Attachments for Gas Mixing .24 10.5 Torches 24 10.6 Hose and Hose Connections25 10.7 Pressure-Reducing Regulators.26
31、10.8 Compressed and Oxyfuel Gas Cylinders (Containers)26 10.9 Cylinder Manifolding31 11. Arc Welding and Cutting Equipment Safety.32 11.1 General.32 11.2 Safety Aspects in Selection of Arc Welding Equipment.32 11.3 Installation of Arc Welding Equipment.33 11.4 Operation.36 11.5 Maintenance.38 12. Re
32、sistance Welding Safety39 12.1 General.39 12.2 Installation.40 12.3 Guarding40 12.4 Electrical41 12.5 Static Safety Devices.42 12.6 Ventilation.42 12.7 Maintenance.42 ix 13. Electron Beam Welding and Cutting Processes (EBW and EBC)43 13.1 General.43 13.2 Potential Hazards.43 14. Laser Beam Cutting a
33、nd Welding.44 14.1 General.44 15. Brazing and Soldering Safety44 15.1 General.44 15.2 Potential Hazards.44 Nonmandatory Annexes47 Annex AAmerican Welding Society Safety and Health Standards List.47 Annex BList of Other Sources.49 Annex CList of Publishers.51 Annex DMaster Chart of Welding and Joinin
34、g Processes and Master Chart of Allied Processes53 Annex EGuidelines for Preparation of Technical Inquiries for the Z49 Committee55 x - - 1Guide for Shade Numbers7 - - 1Precautionary Information for Arc Welding Processes and Equipment21 2Precautionary Information for Oxyfuel Gas Processes and Equipm
35、ent 21 3Precautionary Information for Brazing Filler Metals Containing Cadmium.23 4Precautionary Information for Brazing and Gas Welding Fluxes Containing Fluorides.23 1 Standard Requirements - (American National Standard Z49.1:2005 uses a two-column format to provide both specific requirements and
36、supporting information. The left column is designated as “Standard Requirements” and the right column is designated as “Explana- tory Information.” The paragraph number of the Explanatory Information is preceded by the letter “E.”) Explanatory Information Part I General Aspects 1. Purpose and Scope
37、1.1 Purpose. This standard is for the protection of per- sons from injury and illness and the protection of property (including equipment) from damage by fire and explosions arising from welding, cutting, and allied processes. E1.1 Beginning with the revision of 1983, the scope of ANSI Standard Z49.
38、1 has been refocused towards those safe practices for performing welding, cutting, and allied processes, which are generally within the implementation control of the welder or the weld shop management. It is written in a manner suitable for issuance to the welder and shop management to give practica
39、l information to help them perform these functions safely. It also contains in- formation useful to educators, industrial hygienists, engi- neers, and similar parties also responsible for safety and health in welding. With this refocused scope, some provi- sions which appeared in prior editions have
40、 been deleted. Those were provisions which dealt more in matter of build- ing design and construction, facility pipelines, and electri- cal installations. Those provisions, of course, are still important and necessary and must be followed. They are not provisions usually under the immediate control
41、of welding and cutting operations. 1.2 Scope and Applicability. This standard shall be for the guidance of educators, operators, managers, and super- visors in the safe setup and use of welding and cutting equipment, and the safe performance of welding and cut- ting operations. E1.2 Specific provisi
42、ons are included for oxyfuel gas and arc welding and cutting, resistance welding, electron beam welding, laser beam cutting and welding, and brazing and soldering. However, the requirements of this standard are gener- ally applicable to the other welding processes such as submerged arc welding and a
43、llied processes shown in the American Welding Society Master Chart of Welding and Allied Processes, included in Annex D. 2 1.3 Exclusions. This standard shall not pertain to the following: (1) Guidelines for the design or manufacture of equipment (2) Building piping systems (3) Pipeline protection s
44、ystems and station outlet equipment (4) Bulk gas supply systems (5) Building electrical installations. E1.3 Some of these were included in former issues of the standard. These items were eliminated from ANSI Z49.1 to avoid their being included in two separate standards under separate auspices which
45、can lead to conflict or confusion between standards. These are contained in standards and codes of the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) as follows: (1) Oxyfuel gas piping systems, pipeline protective devices, and station outlet equipmentANSI/NFPA 51, Standard for the Design and Installati
46、on of Oxygen-Fuel Gas Systems for Welding, Cutting, and Allied Processes (2) Storage and manifolding of multiple gas cylin- dersANSI/NFPA 51 (3) Acetylene generators and calcium carbide storage ANSI/NFPA 51 (4) Bulk oxygen systemsANSI/NFPA 50, Standard for Bulk Oxygen Systems at Consumer Sites (5) B
47、ulk LP-Gas and MPS systemsANSI/NFPA 58, Storage and Handling of Liquefied Petroleum Gases (6) Building electrical installationsANSI/NFPA 70, National Electrical Code (7) Industrial machineryANSI/NFPA 79, Electrical Standard for Industrial Machinery. 2. Definitions The following definitions shall apply to this standard. 2.1 Approved. Approved and approval as used in this standard mean acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction. 2.1.1 Authority Having Jurisdiction. This term refers to the organization, office, or individual responsible for “approvi