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1、 AS/NZS 4586:2004 (Incorporating Amendment No. 1) Australian/New Zealand Standard Slip resistance classification of new pedestrian surface materials AS/NZS 4586:2004 AS/NZS 4586:2004 This Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard was prepared by Joint Technical Committee BD-094, Slip Resistance of Floor
2、ing Surfaces. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 22 September 2004 and on behalf of the Council of Standards New Zealand on 1 October 2004. This Standard was published on 26 October 2004. The following are represented on Committee BD-094: Australian Building Codes Boa
3、rd Australian Institute for Non-Destructive Testing Australian Resilient Floorcovering Association Australian Stone and Terrazzo Association Australian Tile Council Building Service Contractors Association of Australia CSIRO Manufacturing and Infrastructure Technology Ceramic Tile Manufacturers Asso
4、ciation Clay Brick and Paver Institute Concrete Masonry Association of Australia Ergonomics Society of Australia Housing Industry Association Local Government and Shires Associations of New South Wales National Injury Prevention Advisory Council Safety Institute of Australia The Royal Australian Ins
5、titute of Architects The University of New South Wales Keeping Standards up-to-date Standards are living documents which reflect progress in science, technology and systems. To maintain their currency, all Standards are periodically reviewed, and new editions are published. Between editions, amendme
6、nts may be issued. Standards may also be withdrawn. It is important that readers assure themselves they are using a current Standard, which should include any amendments which may have been published since the Standard was purchased. Detailed information about joint Australian/New Zealand Standards
7、can be found by visiting the Standards Web Shop at .au or Standards New Zealand web site at www.standards.co.nz and looking up the relevant Standard in the on-line catalogue. Alternatively, both organizations publish an annual printed Catalogue with full details of all current Standards. For more fr
8、equent listings or notification of revisions, amendments and withdrawals, Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand offer a number of update options. For information about these services, users should contact their respective national Standards organization. We also welcome suggestions for impro
9、vement in our Standards, and especially encourage readers to notify us immediately of any apparent inaccuracies or ambiguities. Please address your comments to the Chief Executive of either Standards Australia International or Standards New Zealand at the address shown on the back cover. This Standa
10、rd was issued in draft form for comment as DR 03386. A1 The Standard is downloaded from Standard Sharing AS/NZS 4586:2004 (Incorporating Amendment No. 1) Australian/New Zealand Standard Slip resistance classification of new pedestrian surface materials Originated as part of AS/NZS 3661.1:1993. Prev
11、ious edition AS/NZS 4586:1999. Second edition 2004. Reissued incorporating Amendment No. 1 (February 2005) COPYRIGHT Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand All rights are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including ph
12、otocopying, without the written permission of the publisher. Jointly published by Standards Australia International Ltd, GPO Box 5420, Sydney, NSW 2001 and Standards New Zealand, Private Bag 2439, Wellington 6020 ISBN 0 7337 6328 6 AS/NZS 4586:2004 2 PREFACE This Standard was prepared by the Joint S
13、tandards Australia/Standards New Zealand Committee BD-094, Slip Resistance of Flooring Surfaces, to supersede AS/NZS 4586:1999. This Standard incorporates Amendment No. 1 (February 2005). The changes required by the Amendment are indicated in the text by a marginal bar and amendment number against t
14、he clause, note, table, figure or part thereof affected. The objective of this Standard is to provide users and specifiers of pedestrian surface materials (architects, engineers, ergonomists, facility managers, manufacturers and the like) with means for classifying such surfaces according to their p
15、edestrian slip resistance for use in the selection of surfaces. The slip resistance classifications have been determined for unused surfaces using specific conditions, for instance special rubbers, barefoot testing, and so on. These classifications are based on an assessment of the contribution of a
16、 pedestrian surface to the risk of slipping and they will assist in the specification of a surface material suitable for most pedestrian applications. Factors such as usage, cleaning systems, applied coatings and patterns of wear may affect the characteristics of the surface after classification. HB
17、 197, An introductory guide to the slip resistance of pedestrian surface materials, provides guidelines for the selection of slip resistant pedestrian surfaces classified in accordance with this Standard. It is recommended that this handbook be read in conjunction with this Standard. Lapping paper t
18、esting is currently the subject of ongoing research, particularly with regard to the issue of test slider preparation for the pendulum test. Standards Australia Committee BD-094 is evaluating the results of this research. The committee may find it appropriate to issue further amendments to this Stan
19、dard should improved differentiation between the slip potential of materials be identified. BS 7976-2 Pendulum tester Part 2: Method of operation provides details of the 3 m lapping paper procedure. The term normative has been used in this Standard to define the application of the appendix to which
20、it applies. A normative appendix is an integral part of a Standard. This Standard provides a means of demonstrating compliance for the acceptance and rejection of new surfaces for nominated criteria. A new floor is considered to become an existing floor once it has been installed and made available
21、for pedestrian traffic, other than movements specifically for purposes of formal testing to determine compliance with this Standard. Testing of existing floors is covered in AS/NZS 4663, Slip resistance measurement of existing pedestrian surfaces. The Standard is downloaded from Standard Sharing 3
22、AS/NZS 4586:2004 CONTENTS Page 1 SCOPE4 2 APPLICATION 4 3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS5 4 DEFINITIONS5 5 CLASSIFICATION OF SLIP RESISTANCE.6 APPENDICES A WET PENDULUM TEST METHOD9 B DRY FLOOR FRICTION TEST METHOD 20 C WET/BAREFOOT RAMP TEST METHOD. 25 D OIL-WET RAMP TEST METHOD. 28 E DISPLACEMENT VOLUME TES
23、T METHOD 33 AS/NZS 4586:2004 4 COPYRIGHT STANDARDS AUSTRALIA/STANDARDS NEW ZEALAND Australian/New Zealand Standard Slip resistance classification of new pedestrian surface materials 1 SCOPE This Standard provides means of classifying pedestrian surface materials according to their frictional charact
24、eristics when determined in accordance with the test methods set out in Appendices A, B, C and D. These test methods enable characteristics of surface materials to be determined in either wet or dry conditions. This Standard does not cover carpet. 2 APPLICATION The test methods in this Standard shal
25、l be used for the classification of pedestrian surface materials for use in either the wet or the dry condition. This Standard is also intended for evaluating surface applications and treatments including products such as sealers, polishes and etchants which may modify the surface characteristics of
26、 pedestrian surfaces. At least one of the three methods specified for the measurement of wet slip resistance (Appendices A, C or D) shall be used for all external pedestrian surfaces and those internal pedestrian surfaces that have a reasonably foreseeable risk of the presence of wet substances such
27、 as water, grease and oil. The indication of the test apparatus relates to the slip resistance potential of the surface tested in the test environment. It does not contemplate shoe sole materials, characteristics of individual gaits, or other factors that may contribute to slips. NOTES: 1 The inclin
28、ing ramp test methods (Appendices C and D) are suitable for measuring the slip resistance of gratings, heavily profiled surfaces and resilient surfaces. Appendix E contains an ancillary test method for determining the displacement volume of heavily profiled surfaces. Such surfaces are primarily inte
29、nded to provide drainage or entrapment of anticipated contaminant materials. Heavily profiled surfaces should still take into consideration any requirements contained in AS 1428 or NZS 4121, such as tripping hazards. 2 The test methods in Appendices A and B may not apply to heavily profiled surfaces
30、 where the surface has been specifically manufactured to be highly slip resistant. Some examples of highly profiled surfaces are shown in Figure 1. Such surfaces generally have a displacement volume greater than or equal to 4 cm3/dm2. 3 Appendix A, provides for either of two rubbers to be used in th
31、e wet pendulum test method. Clay and concrete pavers have traditionally been tested using TRL (formerly TRRL) rubber, whereas Four S rubber is used for other pedestrian surface materials. 4 Caution should be exercised when interpreting individual dry floor friction results, which may be unexpectedly
32、 high on some very smooth flat surfaces because, after installation, the presence of contaminants could significantly alter some results. The Standard is downloaded from Standard Sharing 5 AS/NZS 4586:2004 COPYRIGHT 3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS The following documents are referred to in this Standard: AS
33、 1428 Design for access and mobility 1683 Methods of test for elastomers 1683.15.1 Method 15.1: International rubber hardness AS 2983 Methods of test for synthetic sporting surfaces 2983.4 Method 4: Test for slip resistance 3942 Quality controlVariables chartsGuide AS/NZS 4663 Slip resistance measur
34、ement of existing pedestrian surfaces BS EN ISO 20345 Personal protective equipment. Safety footwear 7976 Pendulum testers 7976-2 Part 2: Method of operation NZS 4121 Design for access and mobility: Buildings and associated facilities Australian Road Research Board ATM No. 6 Detailed procedure for t
35、he calibration of the British portable skid resistance tester 4 DEFINITIONS For the purpose of this Standard the definitions below apply. 4.1 Coefficient of friction (COF) The ratio of the tangential force required to move a body across a horizontal surface to the vertical load imposed on the surfac
36、e by the body. 4.2 Displacement space The open cavity that is accessible below the walking surface of a floor covering. It is designed to allow sub-surface drainage and entrapment of spillages, thereby helping to retain the anti-slip properties of the walking surface. 4.3 Dynamic coefficient of fric
37、tion The force required to maintain movement at a constant speed. 4.4 Friction An intrinsic property of the two interfacing, interacting surfaces resulting from their micro- and macro-roughness, inter- and intra-molecular forces of attraction and repulsion, and their visco-elastic properties. 4.5 In
38、dustrial work area An area from which the public is generally excluded, and in which there may be an increased risk of slipping on the floors due to a high incidence of substances such as grease, oil, water, foodstuffs, food residues, dust, flour or vegetable waste. 4.6 Slip resistance Frictional fo
39、rce opposing movement of an object across a surface, usually with reference to the sole or heel of a shoe on a floor. AS/NZS 4586:2004 6 COPYRIGHT 4.7 Slip resistive A pedestrian surface is slip resistive if the available friction is sufficient to enable a person to traverse that surface without an
40、unreasonable risk of slipping. 4.8 Wet/barefoot area An area in which the floor coverings are generally wet and walked on by people in bare feet. Such areas include swimming pool surrounds and are typically found in recreational buildings used by the public, such as in communal showers, washrooms an
41、d changing rooms. Similar facilities are also in some industrial and commercial buildings. 5 CLASSIFICATION OF SLIP RESISTANCE 5.1 Slip resistance Pedestrian surfaces shall be classified using at least one of the combinations in Table 1 and shall be reported as noted. 5.2 Compliance The surface shal
42、l comply with the stated classification for the test method and test rubber nominated and declared by the manufacturer or supplier. Tables 2, 3, 4 and 5 detail the classification of new pedestrian surface materials when tested in accordance with the specified test methods. TABLE 1 TEST AND CLASSIFIC
43、ATION COMBINATIONS Test conditions Test method Classification table to be used Wet pendulum Appendix A Table 2 Wet pendulum and dry floor friction Appendices A and B Tables 2 and 3 Dry floor friction Appendix B Table 3* Wet/barefoot ramp Appendix C Table 4 Oil-wet ramp Appendix D Table 5 * Samples t
44、ested under dry conditions only are assumed to have a default wet classification of Z and shall be reported as classification ZF or ZG. TABLE 2 CLASSIFICATION OF PEDESTRIAN SURFACE MATERIALS ACCORDING TO THE WET PENDULUM TEST Pendulum* mean BPN Class Four S rubber TRL rubber V 54 44 W 4554 4044 X 35
45、44 Y 2534 Z 25 * While either of these rubbers may be used, the test report shall specify which was used. NOTE: It is expected that these surfaces will have greater slip resistance when dry. A1 The Standard is downloaded from Standard Sharing 7 AS/NZS 4586:2004 COPYRIGHT TABLE 3 CLASSIFICATION OF P
46、EDESTRIAN SURFACE MATERIALS ACCORDING TO THE DRY FLOOR FRICTION TEST Classification Floor friction tester mean value F 0.40 G 0.40 TABLE 4 CLASSIFICATION OF PEDESTRIAN SURFACE MATERIALS ACCORDING TO THE WET/ BAREFOOT RAMP TEST Classification Angle, degrees A 12 18 B 18 24 C 24 TABLE 5 CLASSIFICATION
47、 OF PEDESTRIAN SURFACE MATERIALS ACCORDING TO THE OIL-WET RAMP TEST Classification Angle (degrees) R9 6 10 R10 10 19 R11 19 27 R12 27 35 R13 35 5.3 Means of demonstrating compliance Pedestrian surfaces that are classified in accordance with Table 2 and, where appropriate, Table 3 shall meet the foll
48、owing criteria: (a) The mean test results shall be as follows: (i) For the classifications in Table 2, the mean of the test results shall be within the relevant criteria set out in the Table, and each individual result shall be equal to or above the lower limit for the classification or, if below th
49、e classification, within the mean of the result minus 20%. If either of these criteria is not met, the lot shall be considered to be of lower classification. (ii) For Classification F in Table 3, the mean of the test results shall be equal to or greater than 0.4 and each individual result shall be equal to or greater than 0.35. If either of these criteria is not met, the lot shall be considered to be Classification G. AS/NZS 4586:2004 8 COPYRIGHT (b) The classification