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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 3690-3: 1990 Bitumens for building and civil engineering Part 3: Specification for mixtures of bitumen with pitch, tar and Trinidad lake asphalt UDC 665.637.8:665.775.4:620.113:006.3/.8 BS 3690-3:1990 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Road Eng
2、ineering Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Board of BSI and comes into effect on 28 February 1990 BSI 04-1999 First published September 1983 Second edition February 1990 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference RDB/26 Dr
3、aft for comment 89/10200 DC ISBN 0 580 18038 7 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Road Engineering Standards Policy Committee (RDB/-) to Technical Committee RDB/26, upon which the following bodies were represented: Associati
4、on of British Roofing Felt Manufacturers Bitumen Roof Coatings Manufacturers Association British Aggregate Construction Materials Industries British Tar Industry Association County Surveyors Society Department of the Environment Property Services Agency Department of Transport Department of Transpor
5、t (Transport and Road Research Laboratory) Flat Roofing Contractors Advisory Board Institute of Asphalt Technology Institute of Petroleum Institution of Civil Engineers Institution of Highways and Transportation Mastic Asphalt Council and Employers Federation Refined Bitumen Association Ltd. Road Em
6、ulsion Association Ltd. Road Surface Dressing Association Society of Chemical Industry Amendments issued since publication Amd. No.Date of issueComments BS 3690-3:1990 BSI 04-1999i Contents Page Committees responsibleInside front cover Forewordii 1Scope1 2Definitions1 3Classification1 4Pitch-bitumen
7、 mixtures1 5Tar-bitumen mixtures1 6Lake asphalt-bitumen mixtures2 7Sampling2 Appendix A Handling and packaging4 Appendix B Sampling and testing4 Appendix C Method for the determination of the softening point of pitch (ring and ball method)4 Figure 1 Apparatus for ring and ball test7 Table 1 Properti
8、es of pitch-bitumen mixtures2 Table 2 Properties of tar-bitumen mixtures for surface dressing2 Table 3 Properties of tar-bitumen mixtures for coated macadam2 Table 4 Properties of refined lake asphalt3 Table 5 Properties of lake asphalt-bitumen mixtures3 Table 6 Viscosity limits4 Table 7 STPTC therm
9、ometer specifications6 Publications referred toInside back cover BS 3690-3:1990 ii BSI 04-1999 Foreword This Part of this British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Road Engineering Standards Policy Committee. It is a partial revision of BS 3690-3:1983 which is now withdrawn. All
10、types of bitumen for building and civil engineering are covered in BS 3690 as follows. BS 3690, Bitumens for building and civil engineering. Part 1: Specification for bitumens for roads and other paved areas; Part 2: Specification for bitumens for industrial purposes; Part 3: Specification for mixtu
11、res of bitumen with pitch, tar and Trinidad lake asphalt. Part 3 is based on normal practice in the UK and relates only to the climate, conditions and application techniques encountered here. It specifies the properties known to be important and the relevant test methods. Many combinations of bitume
12、n with tar, pitch or refined lake asphalt are possible but the coverage of this standard has been limited to the more commonly available mixtures that are used as binders for roadways and footways. A limited number of lake asphalt-bitumen mixtures are described. This type of mixture is used in build
13、ing mastics and the range specified in this standard will be extended if experience shows this is desirable. A system of grades and nomenclature has been adopted based on the mid-point of the permissible penetration or viscosity range as appropriate. It is considered that this makes specifying and o
14、rdering easier. This edition introduces technical changes to bring the standard up-to-date but it does not reflect a full review of the standard, which will be undertaken in due course. The main changes from the previous edition are clarification of the title to exclude polymer blends which will be
15、covered separately and the updating of definitions and test method references. It is not the function of this standard to specify which of the bitumen mixtures should be used for individual applications. Appropriate British Standards are BS 594, BS 1446, BS 1447 and BS 4987. Other useful publication
16、s are: Road Note 39 Recommendations for road surface dressing (Transport and Road Research Laboratory, Department of the Environment and Department of Transport); Specification for Highway works (Department of Transport). This Part of this British Standard requires the use of substances and procedur
17、es that may be injurious to health if adequate precautions are not taken. It refers only to technical suitability and does not absolve the user from legal obligations relating to health and safety at any stage. Acknowledgement is made to the Standardization of Tar Products Test Committee (STPTC) for
18、 permission to use STPTC PT3-79 which appears in Appendix C. It is intended to produce a Part 4 to BS 3690 which will be a specification for modified bitumens including their testing. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standard
19、s are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. In particular, attention is drawn to the Health and Safety at work, etc. Act 1974. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front co
20、ver, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 8, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. BS 3690-3:1990 BSI 04-19991 1 Scope This Part of this stand
21、ard specifies classification, composition and properties of pitch-bitumen mixtures, tar-bitumen mixtures and lake asphalt-bitumen mixtures that are suitable for use in road and industrial applications in the UK. Each mixture is classified into a number of grades for each of which the appropriate des
22、ignation and properties are specified. Advice on handling and packaging, and on sampling and testing is given in Appendix A and Appendix B. NOTEThe titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 2 Definitions For the purposes of this Part of this standar
23、d, the following definitions apply. 2.1 bitumen a viscous liquid, or a solid, consisting essentially of hydrocarbons and their derivatives, which is soluble in trichloroethylene and is substantially non-volatile and softens gradually when heated. It is black or brown in colour and possesses waterpro
24、ofing and adhesive properties. It is obtained by refinery processes from petroleum, and is also found as a natural deposit or as a component of naturally occurring asphalt, in which it is associated with mineral matter 2.2 pitch the black or dark brown solid or semi-solid residue remaining after the
25、 partial evaporation or fractional distillation of crude tars produced wholly or substantially as a by-product in the carbonization of coal at temperatures exceeding 600 C (see also 2.3) 2.3 refined tar road tar as defined in BS 76 2.4 pitch-bitumen mixture a binder consisting of a homogeneous mixtu
26、re containing specified proportions by mass of penetration grade bitumen and pitch 2.5 tar-bitumen mixture a binder consisting of a homogeneous mixture containing specified proportions by mass of penetration grade bitumen and refined tar 2.6 refined lake asphalt a naturally occurring mixture of bitu
27、men and finely divided mineral matter which is found in well-defined surface deposits and from which unwanted components such as water and vegetable matter have been removed 2.7 lake asphalt-bitumen mixture a homogeneous mixture of refined Trinidad lake asphalt and bitumen, with or without the addit
28、ion of flux oil, used in the manufacture of asphalts and other coated materials 3 Classification The mixtures specified in this Part of this standard shall be designated by numbers representing the mid-point of the penetration or viscosity range as appropriate. Pitch-bitumen mixtures, penetration gr
29、ade tar-bitumen mixtures and lake asphalt-bitumen mixtures shall have the suffix “pen” whereas lower viscosity tar-bitumen mixtures shall have the suffix “secs”. 4 Pitch-bitumen mixtures Pitch-bitumen mixtures shall be homogeneous mixtures containing 20 % to 25 % by mass of pitch with the remainder
30、being penetration grade bitumen complying with BS 3690-1. The bitumen shall have a penetration value not greater than 150, and the softening point of the pitch when determined in accordance with Appendix C shall be between 55 C and 80 C. The mixtures shall comply with the requirements given for the
31、appropriate grade in Table 1 when tested by the methods shown in that table. 5 Tar-bitumen mixtures 5.1 Tar-bitumen mixtures for surface dressing 5.1.1 Composition. Tar-bitumen mixtures for surface dressing shall be homogeneous mixtures containing 30 % to 55 % by mass of refined tar, with the remain
32、der being penetration grade bitumen complying with BS 3690-1. The refined tar component of the mixtures shall contain not less than 25 % by mass of pitch with a softening point of 80 C when determined in accordance with Appendix C, or a correspondingly greater amount of pitch with a softening point
33、below 80 C or lesser amounts of pitch with a softening point above 80 C. The mixtures shall comply with the requirements given for the appropriate grade in Table 2 when tested by the methods shown in that table. BS 3690-3:1990 2 BSI 04-1999 5.1.2 Storage stability. The mixtures shall transform compl
34、etely, without stirring, into a mobile, uniform liquid with no separation of solid matter when heated to a temperature of 140 C. After cooling, the mixtures shall have a uniform appearance and no visible layer of oil shall form on the surface after it has remained without agitation for 24 h at 15 C
35、to 20 C in a sealed container. 5.2 Tar-bitumen mixtures for coated macadam. Tar-bitumen mixtures for coated macadam shall be homogeneous mixtures containing 10 o 3 % by mass of refined tar, with the remainder being penetration grade bitumen complying with BS 3690-1. The mixtures shall comply with th
36、e requirements given for the appropriate grade in Table 3 when tested by the methods shown in that table. 6 Lake asphalt-bitumen mixtures Lake asphalt-bitumen mixtures shall be homogeneous mixtures containing approximately equal proportions by mass of refined lake asphalt complying with the requirem
37、ents given in Table 4 and penetration grade bitumen complying with BS 3690-1. The mixtures shall comply with the requirements given for the appropriate grade in Table 5 when tested by the methods shown in that table. 7 Sampling Samples shall be taken in accordance with Appendix B. Table 1 Properties
38、 of pitch-bitumen mixtures Table 2 Properties of tar-bitumen mixtures for surface dressing Table 3 Properties of tar-bitumen mixtures for coated macadam PropertyTest methodIdentical withGrade 50 pen70 pen Penetration at 25 CBS 2000-49ASTM D5 IP 49 50 o 1070 o 10 Softening Point C(min.) (max.) BS 200
39、0-58IP 5847 58 44 54 Loss on heating for 5 h at 163 CBS 2000-45IP 45 a) Loss by mass % b) Drop in penetration % (max.) (max.) 1.0 30 1.0 30 Solubility in trichloroethylene % by mass(min.) BS 2000-47IP 4795.096.0 Stability index(max.)BS 598-31.21.2 PropertyTest methodTechnically identical with Grade
40、100 secs200 secs Viscosity (STVa) at 40 C 10 mm cupBS 76STPTC RT2-79100 o 20200 o 40 Segas test evtb increase CBS 76STPTC RT10-7910 to 206 to 16 Storage stabilitySee 5.1.2See 5.1.2See 5.1.2 a Standard tar viscometer. The determination of viscosity shall be carried out in accordance with B.1 a) of BS
41、 76:1974. b Equiviscous temperature. PropertyTest methodIdentical withGrade 100 pen200 pen Penetration at 25 CBS 2000-49ASTM D5 IP 49 100 o 20200 o 30 Softening point C(min.) (max.) BS 2000-58IP 5841 51 33 42 BS 3690-3:1990 BSI 04-19993 Table 4 Properties of refined lake asphalt Table 5 Properties o
42、f lake asphalt-bitumen mixturesa PropertyTest methodIdentical withRequirements Penetration at 25 CBS 2000-49ASTM D5 IP 49 2 o 2 Softening point C(min.) (max.) BS 2000-58IP 5893 99 Loss on heating for 5 h at 163 C % by mass (max.)BS 2000-45IP 452.0 Solubility in trichloroethylene % by mass (min.) (ma
43、x.) BS 2000-47IP 4752 55 Ash content % by mass (min.) (max.) BS 2000-223IP 22335 39 Density at 25 C g/mL (min.) (max.) BS 4699ISO 38381.39 1.44 PropertyTest methodIdentical with Grade 35 pen50 pen70 pen Penetration at 25 CBS 2000-49ASTM D5 IP 49 35 o 750 o 1070 o 10 Softening point C(min.) (max.) BS
44、 2000-58IP 5852 64 47 58 44 54 Loss on heating for 5 h at 163 C a) Loss by mass % b) Drop in penetration % (max.) (max.) BS 2000-45 IP 45 0.5 20 0.5 20 0.5 20 Solubility in trichloroethylene % by mass(min.) (max.) BS 2000-47 IP 47 75 79 75 79 75 79 Ash content % by mass(min.) (max.) BS 2000-223 IP 2
45、2316 19 16 19 16 19 a All the above properties apply to the mixture of refined lake asphalt (bitumen and mineral matter) and penetration grade bitumen. BS 3690-3:1990 4 BSI 04-1999 Appendix A Handling and packaging Pitch-bitumen and tar-bitumen mixtures are normally supplied hot in bulk either by ro
46、ad tanker or rail car. Lake asphalt is normally supplied in drums. Suppliers recommendations should be sought with regard to appropriate handling procedures. Reference should also be made to the latest versions of “Standard methods for testing tar and its products”1), and the “Institute of Petroleum
47、 Model code of Safe Practice, Part 11, Bitumen Safety Code”2). Both of these publications include specific information on safe handling procedures for the mixtures. Excessive or prolonged heating of bitumen mixtures, particularly of tar-bitumen mixtures for surface dressing, can lead to loss of vola
48、tile components and consequent non-compliance with the specification. Appendix B Sampling and testing B.1 Sampling locations B.1.1 General. If it is desired to sample for the purpose of establishing compliance with this standard, samples of the bitumen mixtures should be taken as follows. B.1.2 Pitc
49、h-bitumen and tar-bitumen mixtures. Samples should be taken from whichever of the following locations is appropriate: a) from the tanker or rail car in the case of bulk delivery by road or rail, immediately before discharge; b) from the storage tank (or the feed pipe to the mixer) of a manufacturer of asphalts, macadams or other coated materials, immediately before mixing; c) from the tank or the spray-bar of a binder distributor used for surface dressing, immediately before spraying. The procedures involved in handling t