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1、4100 N. FAIRFAX DR., SUITE 200 ARLINGTON, VIRGINIA 22203 2003 STANDARD for PERFORMANCE RATING OF WATER - CHILLING PACKAGES USING THE VAPOR COMPRESSION CYCLE Standard 550/590 Price $10.00 (M) $20.00 (NM) ?Copyright 2003, by Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute Printed in U.S.A. Registered Uni
2、ted States Patent and Trademark Office IMPORTANT SAFETY DISCLAIMER ARI does not set safety standards and does not certify or guarantee the safety of any products, components or systems designed, tested, rated, installed or operated in accordance with this standard/guideline. It is strongly recommend
3、ed that products be designed, constructed, assembled, installed and operated in accordance with nationally recognized safety standards and code requirements appropriate for products covered by this standard/guideline. ARI uses its best efforts to develop standards/guidelines employing state-of-the-a
4、rt and accepted industry practices. ARI does not certify or guarantee that any tests conducted under itsstandards/guidelines will be non-hazardous or free from risk. ARI CERTIFICATION PROGRAM PROVISIONS Scope of the Certification Program 60 Hz Power Included in Certification Program Water-CooledAir-
5、Cooled All compressor types All compressor types Rated up to 2000 tons 7034 kW at ARI Standard Rating Conditions Rated up to 200 tons 703 kW at ARI Standard Rating Conditions Hermetic test requirements; rating requirements; minimum data requirements for Published Ratings; marking and nameplate data;
6、 and conformance conditions. 1.1.1Intent. This standard is intended for the guidance of the industry, including manufacturers, engineers, installers, contractors and users. 1.1.2Review and Amendment. This standard is subject to review and amendment as technology advances. Section 2. Scope 2.1Scope.
7、This standard applies to factory-made vapor compression refrigeration Water-Chilling Packages including one or more hermetic or open drive compressors. These Water-Chilling Packages include: ?Water-Cooled, Air-Cooled, or Evaporatively- Cooled Condensers, ?Air-Cooled or Water-Cooled Heat Reclaim Cond
8、ensers, ?Packages supplied without a Condenser. Section 3. Definitions All terms in this document follow the standard industry definitions in the current edition of ASHRAE Terminology of Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration unless otherwise defined in this section. 3.1Bubble Poin
9、t. Refrigerant liquid saturation temperature at a specified pressure. 3.2Compressor Saturated Discharge Temperature. For single component and azeotrope refrigerants, it is the saturated temperature corresponding to the refrigerant pressure at the compressor discharge. For zeotropic refrigerants, it
10、is the arithmetic average of the Dew Point and Bubble Point temperatures corresponding to refrigerant pressure at the compressor discharge. It is usually taken at or immediately downstream of the compressor discharge service valve (in either case on the downstream side of the valve seat), where disc
11、harge valves are used. 3.3Condenser. A refrigeration system component which condenses refrigerant vapor. Desuperheating and sub- cooling of the refrigerant may occur as well. 3.3.1 Air-Cooled Condenser. A component which condenses refrigerant vapor by rejecting heat to air mechanically circulated ov
12、er its heat transfer surface causing a rise in the air temperature. 3.3.2Air-Cooled Heat Reclaim Condenser. A component which condenses refrigerant vapor in the process of rejecting the heat of condensation to air causing a rise in the air temperature. This Condenser may be a separate Condenser the
13、same as or a portion of the Air-Cooled Condenser. 3.3.3Evaporatively-Cooled Condenser. A component which condenses refrigerant vapor by rejecting heat to a water and air mixture mechanically circulated over its heat transfer surface, causing evaporation of the water and an increase in the enthalpy o
14、f the air. 3.3.4Water-Cooled Condenser. A component which utilizes refrigerant-to-water heat transfer means, causing the refrigerant to condense and the water to be heated. 3.3.5Water-Cooled Heat Reclaim Condenser. A component which utilizes refrigerant-to-water heat transfer means, causing the refr
15、igerant to condense and the water to be heated. This Condenser may be a separate condenser, the same as, or a portion of the Water-Cooled Condenser. 3.4Dew Point. Refrigerant vapor saturation temperature at a specified pressure. 3.5Energy Efficiency. 3.5.1Coefficient of Performance (COP). A ratio of
16、 the cooling capacity in watts W to the Total Power Input, in watts W at any given set of Rating Conditions, expressed in watts/watt W/W. 3.5.2Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER). A ratio of the cooling capacity in Btu/h W to the Total Power Input in watts W at any given set of Rating Conditions, expresse
17、d in Btu/(W?h). ARI STANDARD 550/590-2003 2 3.5.3Heat Reclaim Coefficient of Performance (COPHR). A ratio of the Net Heat Reclaim Capacity (Btu/h) to the Total Power Input to the unit, W converted to Btu/h 3.5.4Power Input per Capacity. A ratio of the Total Power Input to the unit, in kW to the Net
18、Refrigerating Capacity at any given set of Rating Conditions, expressed in kW/ton kW/kW. 3.6Fouling Factor. The thermal resistance due to fouling accumulated on the heat transfer surface. 3.6.1Fouling Factor Allowance. Provision for anticipated fouling during use specified in h?ft2?F/Btu m2?C/W. 3.7
19、Net Heat Reclaim Capacity. A quantity defined as the mass flow rate of the condenser water multiplied by the difference in enthalpy of water entering and leaving the heat reclaim Condenser, Btu/h kW. 3.8Net Refrigeration Capacity. A quantity defined as the mass flow rate of the evaporator water mult
20、iplied by the difference in enthalpy of water entering and leaving the evaporator, Btu/h or tons kW. 3.9Part-Load Value (PLV). A single number figure of merit expressing part-load efficiency for equipment on the basis of weighted operation at various partial load capacities for the equipment. 3.9.1I
21、ntegrated Part-Load Value (IPLV). A single number part-load efficiency figure of merit calculated per the method described in this standard at Standard Rating Conditions. 3.9.2Non-Standard Part-Load Value (NPLV). A single number part-load efficiency figure of merit calculated per the method describe
22、d in this standard referenced to conditions other than IPLV conditions. (For units that are not designed to operate at Standard Rating Conditions.) 3.10Published Ratings. A statement of the assigned values of those performance characteristics, under stated Rating Conditions, by which a unit may be c
23、hosen to fit its application. These values apply to all units of like nominal size and type (identification) produced by the same manufacturer. The term Published Rating includes the rating of all performance characteristics shown on the unit or published in specifications, advertising or other lite
24、rature controlled by the manufacturer, at stated Rating Conditions. 3.10.1Application Rating. A rating based on tests performed at application Rating Conditions (other than Standard Rating Conditions). 3.10.2Standard Rating. A rating based on tests performed at Standard Rating Conditions. 3.11Rating
25、 Conditions. Any set of operating conditions under which a single level of performance results and which causes only that level of performance to occur. 3.1.1Standard Rating Conditions. Rating Conditions used as the basis of comparison for performance characteristics. 3.12“Shall“ or “Should“. “Shall
26、“ or “should“ shall be interpreted as follows: 3.12.1Shall. Where “shall“ or “shall not“ is used for a provision specified, that provision is mandatory if compliance with the standard is claimed. 3.12.2Should,“Should“ is used to indicate provisions which are not mandatory but which are desirable as
27、good practice. 3.13Total Power Input. Power input of all components of the unit. 3.14Water-Chilling Package. A factory-made and prefabricated assembly (not necessarily shipped as one package) of one or more compressors, Condensers and evaporators, with interconnections and accessories, designed for
28、the purpose of cooling water. It is a machine specifically designed to make use of a vapor compression refrigeration cycle to remove heat from water and reject the heat to a cooling medium, usually air or water. The refrigerant Condenser may or may not be an integral part of the package. 3.14.1Heat
29、Reclaim Water-Chilling Package. A factory-made package, designed for the purpose of chilling water and containing a Condenser for reclaiming heat. Where such equipment is provided in more than one assembly, the separate assemblies are to be designed to be used together, and the requirements of ratin
30、g outlined in this standard are based upon the use of matched assemblies. It is a package specifically designed to make use of the refrigerant cycle to remove heat from the refrigerant and to reject the heat to another fluid (air or water) for heating use. Any excess heat may be rejected to another
31、medium, usually air or water. Section 4. Test Requirements 4.1Test Requirements. Ratings shall be established at the Rating Conditions specified in Section 5. Ratings shall be verified by tests conducted in accordance with the test method and procedures described in Appendix C. ARI STANDARD 550/590-
32、2003 3 Section 5. Rating Requirements 5.1Standard Ratings. Standard Ratings for all Water- Chilling Packages shall be established at the Standard Rating Conditions specified in 5.2. 5.2 Standard Rating Conditions. Water-Chilling Packages shall be rated at conditions specified in Table 1. Heat Reclai
33、m Water-Chilling Packages shall be rated at conditions specified in Table 2 and properly identified as the Heat Reclaim Standard Rating. Standard Ratings shall include a water-side Fouling Factor Allowance of 0.00025 h?ft2?F/Btu 0.000044 m2?C/W for the Condenser and 0.0001 h?ft2?F/Btu 0.000018m2?C/W
34、 for the evaporator. 5.3Application Rating Conditions. Application Ratings should include the following range of Rating Conditions or be within the operating limits of the equipment: All Condenser Types: Leaving chilled water temperature 40.0 to 48.0F 4.4 to 8.9C in increments of 2F or less 1C or le
35、ss. Water-Cooled Condensers: Entering condenser water temperature 65.0 to 105.0F 18.3 to 40.6C in increments of 5F or less 3?C or less. Air-Cooled Condensers: Entering Condenser air dry-bulb temperature 55.0 to 125.0?F 12.8 to 51.7?C dry-bulb in increments of 10?F or less 6?C or less. Evaporatively-
36、Cooled Condensers: Entering Condenser air wet-bulb temperature 50.0 to 80.0?F 10.0 to 26.7?C wet-bulb in increments of 2.5?F or less 1.4?C or less. 5.4Part-Load Rating. Water-Chilling Packages which are capable of capacity reduction shall be rated at 100% and at each step of capacity reduction provi
37、ded by the refrigeration system(s) as published by the manufacturer. Part-load ratings points shall be presented in one or more of the following three ways: a.IPLV- Based on the conditions defined in Table 3. b.NPLV-Based on the conditions defined in Table 3. c.Separate Part-Load Data Point(s) Suita
38、ble for Calculating IPLV or NPLV. In addition, other part-load points may also be presented. 5.4.1Determination of Part- Load Performance. For Water-Chilling Packages covered by this standard, the IPLV or NPLV shall be calculated as follows: a. Determine the part-load energy efficiency at 100%, 75%,
39、 50%, and 25% load points at the conditions specified in Table 3. b. Use the following equation to calculate the IPLV or NPLV. 0.12D+0.45C+0.42B+0.01A= or IPLV NPLV 1a For COP and EER: where: A = COP or EER at 100% B = COP or EER at 75% C = COP or EER at 50% D = COP or EER at 25% For kW/ton: D 0.12
40、+ C 0.45 + B 0.42 + A 0.01 1 = IPLV NPLV or 1b where: A = kW/Ton at 100% B = kW/Ton at 75% C = kW/Ton at 50% D = kW/Ton at 25% 5.4.1.1 For a derivation of equations 1a and 1b, and an example of an IPLV or NPLV calculation, see Appendix D. The weighting factors have been based on the weighted average
41、 of the most common building types and operations using average weather in 29 U.S. cities, with and without airside economizers. ARI STANDARD 550/590-2003 4 Air-Cooled 0.0 h ft2 F/Btu 0.0 m2 C/W 95.0 F 35.0 C 44.0 F 6.7 C 2.4 gpm/ton 0.043 L/s per kW 0.0001 h ft2 F/Btu 0.000018 m2 C/W 125.0 F 51.7 C
42、 105.0 F 40.6 C 29.92 in Hg 101.3 kPa Evaporatively-Cooled 0.0 ft2 F/Btu 0.0 m2 C/W 75.0 F 23.9 C 44.0 F 6.7 C 2.4 gpm/ton 0.043 L/s per kW 0.0001 h ft2 F/Btu 0.000018 m2 C/W 105.0 F 40.6 C 98.0 F 36.7 C 29.92 in Hg 101.3 kPa Water-Cooled 85.0 F 29.4 C 3.0 gpm/ton 0.054 L/s per kW 0.00025 h ft2 F/Bt
43、u 0.000044 m2 C/ W 44.0 F 6.7 C 2.4 gpm/ton 0.043 L/s per kW 0.0001 h ft2 F/Btu 0.000018 m2 C/W 105.0 F 40.6 C 98.0 F 36.7 C 29.92 in Hg 101.3 kPa Table 1. Standard Rating Conditions Condenser Water Entering Flow Rate Condenser Fouling Factor Allowance Water-Side Air-Side Entering Air Dry-Bulb Wet-B
44、ulb Evaporator Water Leaving Flow Rate Evaporator Fouling Factor Allowance Water-Side Without Condenser Saturated Discharge Liquid Refrigerant Barometric Pressure ARI STANDARD 550/590-2003 5 Air-Cooled Flow rate same as in standard cooling ratings 40.0 F 4.4 C 44.0 F 6.7C 0.0 h ft2 F/Btu 70.0 F 21.1
45、C 95.0 F 35.0 C 29.92 in Hg 101.3 kPa Evaporatively-Cooled Flow rate same as in standard cooling ratings 38.0 F 3.3 C 44.0 F 6.7C 0.0 h ft2 F/Btu 29.92 in Hg 101.3 kPa Water-Cooled 75.0 F 23.9 C Flow rate same as in standard cooling ratings 44.0 F 6.7C 0.00025 h ft2 F/Btu 105.0 F 40.6 C or or 95.0 F
46、 35.0 C 120.0 F 48.9 C or or 105.0 F 40.6 C 29.92 in Hg 101.3 kPa Table 2. Heat Reclaim Standard Rating Conditions Temperature Condenser Water Entering Flow Rate Entering Air Dry-Bulb Wet-Bulb Evaporator Water Leaving Field Fouling Allowance Heat Reclaim Condenser Entering Leaving Barometric Pressur
47、e ARI STANDARD 550/590-2003 6 Table 3. Part-Load Conditions for Rating IPLV NPLV Evaporator (All Types) 100% load LWT 0% load LWT Flow Rate (gpm) F.F.A. 244.0 F 44.0 F 32.4 gpm/ton 0.0001 h ft2 F/Btu 6.7 C 6.7 C 0.043 L/s per kW 0.000018 m2 C/ W 2Selected LWT Same as 100% load 3Selected gpm/ton As S
48、pecified 2Selected LWT Same as 100% load 3L/s per kW As Specified 1Water-Cooled Condenser 100% load EWT 75% load EWT 50% load EWT 25% load EWT 0% load EWT Flow rate (gpm) L/s F.F.A. 285.0F 75.0 F 65.0 F 65.0 F 65.0 F 33.0 gpm/ton 0.00025 h ft2 F/Btu 29.4 C 23.9 C 18.3 C 18.3 C 18.3 C 0.054 L/s per kW 0.000044 m2 C/ W 2Selected EWT 4 4 4 65.0 F 3Selected gpm/ton As Specified 2Selected EWT 4 4 4 18.3 C 3L/s per kW As Specified 1Air-Cooled Condenser (Use Figur