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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 61310-3:2008 Safety of machinery Indication, marking and actuation Part 3: Requirements for the location and operation of actuators ICS 13.110; 29.020 BS EN 61310-3:2008 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 2
2、8 February 2009 BSI 2009 ISBN 978 0 580 54539 9 National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 61310-3:2008. It is identical to IEC 61310-3:2007. It supersedes BS EN 61310-3:1999 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee
3、GEL/44, Safety of machinery Electrotechnical aspects. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Complia
4、nce with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication DateComments W 7 7 - - $ - - - w - - - - - - - - - 77 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
5、- - - - - - - - - EN 61310-3:200 2 CONTENTS 1 Scope. 2 Normative references . 3 Terms and definitions 4 General requirements. 5 Actions and effects. 5.1 Principles . 5.2 Final effects 5.3 Actions 5.4 Correlation between actions and final effects . 5.5 Stopping. Annex A (informative) Typical examples
6、 of monofunction actuators . Bibliography Table 1 Classification of final effects. Table 2 Classification of actions. Table A.1 Examples of movement of some types of actuators Annex A (normative) - - - -. Annex (informative) - - - . Annex A (informative) - - . Annex (informative) - - 3 EN 61310-3:20
7、0 SAFETY OF MACHINERY INDICATION, MARKING AND ACTUATION Part 3: Requirements for the location and operation of actuators 1 Scope This part of IEC 61310 specifies safety-related requirements for actuators, operated by the hand or by other parts of the human body, at the human-machine interface. It gi
8、ves general requirements for the standard direction of movement for actuators; the arrangement of an actuator in relation to other actuators; the correlation between an action and its final effects. It is based on IEC 60447 but is also applicable to non-electrotechnical technologies such as mechanic
9、al and fluid-powered systems. It covers single actuators as well as groups of actuators forming part of an assembly. This standard does not specify any requirements for “touch screens“ (such information is given in IEC 60073). 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensab
10、le for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60073:2002, Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification C
11、oding principles for indicators and actuators IEC 60447:2004, Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification Actuating principles IEC 61310-1, Safety of machinery Indication, marking and actuation Part 1: Requirements for visual, acoustic and tactile signals IEC 61
12、310-2, Safety of machinery Indication, marking and actuation Part 2: Requirements for marking ISO 1503:1977, Geometrical orientation and directions of movements ISO 9355-2:1999, Ergonomic requirements for the design of displays and control actuators Part 2: Displays ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machi
13、nery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 2: Technical principles 4 EN 61310-3:200 ISO 13851:2002, Safety of machinery Two-hand control devices Functional aspects and design principles 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions, as we
14、ll as those of IEC 61310-1 and IEC 61310-2, apply. 3.1 action movement required of a part of the human body (for example, a finger, a hand, a foot) to operate an actuator 3.2 final effect intended consequence of the operators action 4 General requirements This standard shall be taken into account at
15、 an early stage of machinery design and shall be applied in an unambiguous manner throughout the machine installation. The intended application field of the machine and the constraints due to the geometrical orientation of the machine, the location, skill, posture and the viewing direction of the op
16、erator (see 4.2.2 of IEC 61310-1) shall be taken into account. See also ISO 1503. Actuators shall be unambiguously identifiable (see IEC 61310-1 and IEC 60073); appropriately marked (see IEC 61310-2); designed to ensure safe and timely operation (see IEC 60447); selected and designed in accordance w
17、ith the relevant ergonomic principles (see ISO 9355-2); designed and selected to withstand the expected environmental and intended use conditions; designed to be able to avoid wear and tear by foreseeable use. Actuators shall be so located that they are outside the hazard zones, except for those act
18、uators which, of necessity, are located within the hazard zone, such as emergency stop, teach pendant, etc. (see 4.11.8 c) of ISO 12100-2); their operation cannot cause additional risk; the operator can recognize that the final effect has been carried out (either directly or by a feedback/acknowledg
19、ement device); the movement of the actuator is consistent with its final effect in accordance with Clause 5 (for additional information see IEC 60447); mirror symmetric layouts of panels are avoided. Wherever possible, start actuators shall be so located that the operator can see the controlled elem
20、ents when actuating them (see 4.11.8 d) of ISO 12100-2). 5 EN 61310-3:200 A stop actuator shall be placed near each start actuator. Where the start/stop function is performed by means of a hold-to-run actuating device, a separate stop actuator shall be provided where a hazard may result from the hol
21、d-to-run actuating device failing to deliver a stop command when released (see 4.11.8 b) of ISO 12100-2). Actuators shall be logically grouped in accordance with their operational or functional correlation, for controlling a process, machine or equipment (see IEC 60447). Actuators shall not lead to
22、an undefined or hazardous state of equipment, or condition of process, when operated. The accidental operation of an actuator which could lead to a hazardous situation shall be avoided, as far as possible. One or more of the following constructive measures shall be used where necessary: recessing or
23、 shrouding the actuator; increasing the operating force of the actuator; use of a lock-out system; locating the actuator where it is unlikely to be accidentally knocked; using a set of actuators requiring sequential actions; using a two-hand control system (see ISO 13851); using an enabling device;
24、remote disabling of function. Where the action is initiated indirectly (for example, use of keyboards), the action to be performed shall be clearly displayed and an unambiguous confirmation (visual or audible feedback) of the actuation shall be given to the operator (see 6.3 of ISO 12100-2). Where t
25、he operators vision may be fully occupied when safety-critical functions are involved, or where the conditions of visibility are restricted, the position of an actuator shall be readily identifiable by touch. (For details of tactile signals, see IEC 61310-1.) 5 Actions and effects NOTE For additiona
26、l information, see ISO 9355-2. 5.1 Principles For a machine, the correlation between the action applied to the actuator and the final effect shall be evident to the operator. This correlation is based on the classification into two groups of both actions and final effects. Intermediate effects which
27、 lead to a final effect are not considered in this standard. NOTE As an example, for a variable speed drive, the final effect is the operating speed which results from the action, and not the output-command of a data processing unit, nor the variation of the field regulator. 5.2 Final effects Final
28、effects resulting from actions can mostly be classified into two groups of opposite effects. 6 EN 61310-3:200 For a final effect which cannot be classified as increase/decrease effects such as test, help, enabling device, the arrangement of these actuators should nevertheless conform to Clause 4. Ta
29、ble 1 (derived from Table A.2 of IEC 60447) shows how different types of effects can be classified into two groups. Table 1 Classification of final effects Resulting final effect Nature of effect Group 1 Group 2 Modification of a physical quantity (voltage, current, power, speed, frequency, tempera-
30、 ture, luminous intensity, etc.) Increase Decrease Change of condition Put into service Start Accelerate Close an electrical circuita Ignite Put out of service Stop Brake Open an electrical circuitb Extinguish Motion of the object or vehicle controlled in relation to its principal axis Upwards To th
31、e right Forward Downwards To the left Backward Motion in relation to the operator Away from the operator Towards the operator a and open the associated grounding circuit, if combined. b and close the associated grounding circuit, if combined. 5.3 Actions Actions can also be classified into two group
32、s based on either the direction of movement of an actuator, where the actuator has two operating directions. Action is then a related movement of a part of the human body; or the positioning of a given actuator within a set where the actuators have only one operating direction giving rise to only on
33、e final effect. This action is then a movement of a part of the human body towards the given actuator. The classification into Group 1 and Group 2 (see Table 2) depending on the nature of an action is based on either the direction of the action; or the point of application of the action. Table 2 (id
34、entical to Table A.1 of IEC 60447) shows how an action associated with different types and arrangements of actuators can be classified, and Annex A (identical to Annex B of IEC 60447) gives examples of monofunction actuators. 7 EN 61310-3:200 Table 2 Classification of actions Direction of action Nat
35、ure of actuator Nature of action Group 1 Group 2 Handwheel, handle, knob, etc. Rotation Clockwise Anticlockwise Vertical motion Upwards Downwards Right-left To the right To the left Grip, lever, push-pull button, etc., with essentially linear motiona Horizontal motion Forward- backwarda Away from th
36、e operator Towards the operator Point of application of action Nature of actuator set Nature of action Group 1 Group 2 One above the other Action on upper device Action on lower device Set of grips, push- buttons, rods, pull cords, etc., with opposite effects One beside the other Pressure, traction,
37、 etc. Action on right device Action on left device Nature of actuator set Nature of action Classification of action VDT with XY-VDU Controller Movement and actuation (click) Keyboard Typing of keys Sensitive area Touching Direction of action and point of application: not classifiedb a Further information is given in IEC 60447. b As far as possible, the rules of the upper part of Table 2 should be applied. 5.4 Correlation between actions and final effects A Group 1 action shall result in a Group 1 final effect. A Group 2 action shall result in a Group 2 final effect.