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1、 A Reprinted from IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS VOL. MAG-6, No. 2, June 1970 Copyright 1970 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. This publication may be reproduced, without change, in part or in its entirety, provided that notice of its copyright by the IEEE is included. I
2、EEE 272 Corrections Page 418, paragraph 3.4 uv U I dVZ d I Z d t t s z U$, and d$= should read u z u z d z d z d sz u z d z z z VIVIt 9 and 41 respectively Page 419, paragraph 4.1.6.2 (d) uV and uI should read z z V and I respectively u z u z Page 420, paragraph 4.1.6.2 (f) dVZ and d I should read d
3、 z d z z V and I respectively Page 420, paragraph 4.1.6.2 (9) d t t s z should read t Page 420, paragraph 4.1.6.2 (r) d sz uQz should read $ u z Page 420, paragraph 4.1.6.2 ( s ) d$, should read $ d z Page 420, paragraph 4.1.12 u $ should read $ u z Page 422, paragraph l(e) (1) Change “intensity“ t
4、o “strength“ Page 426, Figures 11 and 12 uA dAz d t r s z u $ and ddz should read u z d z d sz u z d z z A A t Q and $ respectively Page 426, paragraphs 13(b) (1) and (2) uA should read k z u z Page 426, paragraph 13(c) (1) and (2) dl! should read A Page 426, paraqrzph 13(c) (2) d sz Page 427, parag
5、raph 13(d) (2) u $ should read $ Page 427, paragraph 13(d) (3) d$ should read Q z d z d t r s z should read t u z z d z Page 427, paragraph 15 dV should read V z d z I E I E TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS, VOL. MAG-6, NO. 2, JUNE 1970 4 1 . 5 I No. 272 IEEE Standard for COMPUTER-TYPE (SQUARE-LOOP) PULSE
6、TRANSFORMERS FOREWORD The purpose of this Standard is to provide a common ground of iuiderstaiidirig hetwceir conipiitcr systeni engineers and pulse transformer design engineers. It pertains to conipriter-type pulse transformers. These pulse transformers are chararterized by their iihe of square-loo
7、p core material, and are often referred to as a “switching” or “square-loop” type. They arc gcner:dly used in computer system applications. Low-power (linear-type) pulse transformers will be covered in a related Standard. ACKNOWLEDGMENT The Institute wishes to acknowledge its indebtedness to those w
8、ho have so freely given of their tiinc aiid kiiowl- This Standard was prepared by the Pulse Transfornier Subcommittee of the Electronics Trali4ornicrs edge and have conducted experimental work on which marly of the IEEE publications are based. Technical Committee of the IEEE hIagnetics Group, whose
9、membership was: J. RI. Banic, Jr. E. D. Belanger J. R. Brown, Jr. I ) . E. Cavenaugh J. D. Chapman W. J. Field W. B. Fritz E. C. Geissler A. I). Hasley J. 1). Schwartz, Chairman L. W. Kirkwood C. W. Lundberg R. 0. McCary E. A. Miller P. 11. Munk J. E. Roger5 R. N. Rowe R. 11. Suelflow J. P. Whistler
10、 I). Wildfeuer NOTICE The IEEE will maintain this Standard current with the state of the technology Cornmelib on this Standard as well as suggestions for additional material that should be included are invited These should be addressed to: Secretary IEEE Standards Committee The Institute of Electric
11、al and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 345 East 47 Street New York, N. Y. 10017. Approved by the IEEE Standards Committee on September 11, 1969. Individual reprints of this Standard are available from the IEEE at $2.00 for members and $4.00 for nonmembers. 416 CONTENTS 1 . Scope . . . . . . . . . . . .
12、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1. Related Transformer Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 . Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 . Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1. Cornputer-Type Pulse Transformer Schematic . . . . . 3.2. Core Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3. Input Pulse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4. Read Response Pulse., . . . . . . .
14、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5. Transformer Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6. Source and Load Impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 . Performance Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1. Electrical Tests . . .
15、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ratio of Transformation (Turns Ratio) . . . . . 4.1.1. 4.1.1.1. Alternate Method I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.1.2. Alternate Method 11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.2. Polarity., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16、. . . . . 4.1.3. Electrical Strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.4. Electrical Strength-Induced Voltage . . . . . . . 4.1.5. Direct-Current Insulation Resistance . . . . . . . 4.1.6. Characteristic Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.6.1. Test Conditions . . .
17、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.6.2. Read Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.6.3. Special liesporises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.7. 4.1.8. 4.1.10. Short-circuit Inductance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1 .I 1. Open-circuit Inductance . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18、. . . . . 4.1.12. Saturation Inductance Direct-Current Iiesistance of Windings . . . . . . Direct Capacitance Between Windings . . . . . . 4.1.9. Open-circuit (Distributed) Capacitance . . . . . 5 . Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 . Compu
19、tations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 . Service Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS. JUNE 1970 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417 . . . . . . . . . . . . 417 . . . . . . . . . . . . 417 . . . . . . . . . . . . 417 . . . . . . . . . . . . 417 . . . . . . . . . . . . 417 . . . . . . . . . . . . 417 . . . . . . . . . . . . 418 . . . . . . . . .
24、. . 418 . . . . . . . . . . . . 418 . . . . . . . . . . . . 418 . . . . . . . . . . . . 418 . . . . . . . . . . . 418 . . . . . . . . . . . . 418 . . . . . . . . . . . . 418 . . . . . . . . . . . . 419 . . . . . . . . . . . . 419 . . . . . . . . . . . . 419 . . . . . . . . . . . 419 . . . . . . . .
25、. . . . 419 . . . . . . . . . . . . 419 . . . . . . . . . . . . 419 . . . . . . . . . . . . 420 . . . . . . . . . . . . 420 . . . . . . . . . . . 420 . . . . . . . . . . . . 420 . . . . . . . . . . . . 420 . . . . . . . . . . . 420 . . . . . . . . . . . . 420 . . . . . . . . . . . . 420 . . . . . .
26、. . . . . . 420 . . . . . . . . . . . . 420 . . . . . . . . . . 420 Appendix I Core Analysis. Equivalent Circuit. and Partial-Switching Characteristics. . . . . 421 Appendix I1 Definitions of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27、423 . . 417 IEEE STANDARD NO. 272 - IEEE Standard for COMPUTER-TYPE (SQUARE-LOOP) PULSE TRANSFORMERS 1. SCOPE This Standard pertains to computer-type pulse trans- formers. These pulse transformers are characterized by their use of a “square-loop” core material as defined below with normal operation
28、into the saturation flux density regions and with typical operation using a specifi- cally dpfinrd current input Iiulse. These transformers exploit the memory characteristic of square-loop core material that makes the output pulse depeiidcnt upon the immediate history of the core flus. This type of
29、transformer is used in shift registers, memory access snitches, memory readout circuits, transformer logic matrices, arid other storage-type devices. It is not the purpose of this Staiidard to include large-scale memories. Wherever numcrical rc- quirements are indicated, they may be considered as re
30、commended values. Appendix I contains a core analysis, transformer equivalent circuit, and definitions of as- sociated terms. Appendix I1 contains definitions per- taining mainly to characteristic testing of computer-type pulse transformers. 1.1. Related Transformer Standards 1.1.1.-Standard for Lou
31、 -Power Wide-Band Trans- formers, IEEE No. 111, August 1964. 1.1.2.-Standard for High-Poi er Wide-Band Trans- formers, IEEE No. 264, August 1968. 1.1.3.-Test Procedure for the Evnluzttion of Insulation Systems for Electronics Power Transformers, IEEE So. 266, March 1969. 1.1.4.-Proposed Standard for
32、 Letter and Graphic Sym- bols for Electronics Transformers, IEEE S o 276, ,January 1967 (published for trial use). 2. DEFINITIONS Electrical terms used in this Standard are in accordance with those given in the “American Satiorial Standard Definitions of Electrical Trrms,” ASS1 (242.63- 1957, and “A
33、merican National Standard llcthods of lleasurement of Pulse Quantities,” AKSI C11i.2S-193G. Additional terms are defined in Appendixes I and 11. A supplementary publication is “Standards on Pulses: Definitions of Terms,” IEEE No. 194 (formerly 51 IRE 20.S1 and 52 IRE 20.S1). 3. SYMBOLS Graphic symbo
34、ls are in accordance with “Graphic Symbols for Electrical ntid EltJctronics Iliagrams,” American Kational Standard 1-322, 19G7. Exccl)t where otherwise stated, the Internatiorial Systcm of Units 3.1. Computer-Type Pulse Transformer Schematic J Teiw Deiiotetl Cor? flux. Remanence flus. Saturation flu
35、x. Rcniancnce flux dcnsit Saturation flux density. Instantaneous iiidiiced vo1t:lgr Induced pulse voltage :ini)litudo. Average value of inducrd 1)ulse voltage Time. Sn-itching timv of induccd voltagr )lsca (10-10 percent E). Kumbcr of wiiiditig luriis. Current 1)ulsc aml)litutle. lIagiictomotivc.-fo
36、rcc, )ilsc :mil)Iitiid(. T hrcshold magi let o mo t ive-forw 1 i uJse n t u 1 )li tude. Effective niaffritornotiv1,-fjrcc. l)ulsc, :mpli- tude. llagnetic ficld strcxngth. Threshold nxignrtic field stiiigtJi. Aagrietic p:itli ltiigt h. Effective core rtist:iiict Switching coefficictit. Load imped:inc
37、c. 3.3. Input Pulse-Current Pulse or Source Voltage Pulse Applied Through Associated Impedance 1 1 otc Thee teirri ale dehiietl iii 4ppeiidi II 3.3.1. Input Pulse Shape Symbol Tei vi Denoted I, V, Pulse aniyilitude. Tr Risr timr (10-!)0 1)ercoiit I, or I, u t i J t s s ot herwise specif i d ) . T, Y
38、all time (30- 10 pviwtiit 1 I or 1 T ) IT, V T Trailing cdgr :IIlilhtlAtl(. (SystPme International dUnit6s) is used. Id Iulse duration (3O-!)O lwrcciit I, or lr7,() 标准分享网 w w w .b z f x w .c o m 免费下载 418 IEEE TRANSlCTIONS ON ?d iGNI.:TICS, JUNN 1970 IQ, VQ Quiescent value (interpulse). I, V, Droop.
39、IOS, VOS Overshoot. IRO, VRO Rolloff. Ringing. Leading edgc linearity (10-90 percent I, or V,). Return swing. Back swing. Input Pulse Type Term Denoted Write input pulse. Read input pulse. Partial-write input pulse. Partial-read input pulse. Input Pulse Type (Optional) Teim Denoted Write input pulse
40、 (superscript IC may be used with symbols of paragraph 3.3.1 to denote write input pulse shape terms). Read input pulse (superscript 1 may be used with symbols of paragraph 3.3.1 to denote read input pulse shape terms). Partial-write input pulse (superscript pw may be used with symbols of paragraph
41、3.3.1 to denote partial-write input pulse shape terms). Partial-read input pulse (superscript pr may be used with symbols of paragraph 3.3.1 to denote partial-read input pulse shape terms). Response Pulse-Voltage Pulse or Load Current Pulse Note: These terms are defined in Appendix 11. Symbol Teim D
42、enoted tsz tDL tP Read “one” response pulse amplitude. Read “one” response switch time. Read “one” response switch time (input referenced). Read “undisturbed zero” response pulse amplitude. Read “undisturbed zero” response switch time. Read “disturbed zero” response pulse amplitude. Read “disturbed
43、zero” response switch time. Read “one” delay time (10 percent Im-10 per- cent 8 1 or 10 percent I,-10 percent Il). Read “one” peak time (10-100 percent V1 or Il). Read “one” peak time (input referenced). Read “one” response pulse amplitude. t, Read “one” response risr time (10-90 - td Read “one” res
44、ponse pulse duration (10- percent VIm or Ilm). 10 percent VI,). Read “one” response droop. Read response trailing rdge ampli- tude. Read “one” response fall timc (90-10 percent VIT or IIT). Read “one” response ovtrshoot. Read “one” integrated-voltage amplitude. Read “undisturbed zero” intcgratcd-vol
45、tage amplitude. Read “disturbed zero” intcgratcd-voltage amplitude. Threshold current pulsc :ml)litude. Disturb threshold current pulsc nmplit utic. 3.5. Transformer Parameters Symbol Term Denoted Rdo Direct-current resistnncc of n-inding. C d Direct capacitance bptwern windings. COc Open-circuit (d
46、istributed) c:q):tcitnncc, p:rallcl. L c Short-circuit inductance, scxrics. LOc Open-circuit inductance, pnrnllel. I J S Saturation induct:tncc, pnr:rllel. 3.6. Source and Load Impedance Symbol Term Denoted R, L o c fJ RL Load resistance, series. LL J,oad inductance, series. CL Load capacitance, par
47、allel. Input pulse sourc rrsistancc, svries. Input pulse source inductancc, scrics. Input pulsc source cnpacit:incc), parallel. 4. PERFORMANCE TESTS 4.1. Electrical Tests 4.1.1. Ratio of Transformation (Turns Ratio)- There are instances of windings having very loit induct:iuces, such that they canno
48、t be s:Ltisf:Lctorily tested uith the generally used ratio test sets. In these inst:inces the following methods are suggested. 4.1.1.1. Alternate Method I-The ratio may be determined by applying alternate polarity current pulses to one of the windings and measuring the ratio of corre- sponding volta
49、ge-pulse amplitudes appearing on the M ind- ings, using an oscilloscope I ith a high-impedance probe and an oscilloscope pulse calibrator. 4.1.1.2. Alternate Method 11-The r:ttio may be determined by applying : L suit:tble sinusoid:d voltage of high frequency (e.g., 500 kilohertz) to one of the mindings and measuring the ratio o